| 单词 | instruction |
| 释义 | instruction (once / 117 pages) n Instruction is vital for education, as it is the transfer of learning from one person to another. Any time you are given directions or told how to do something you are receiving instruction. The noun instruction is related to the word structure; both share the Latin root structus, "built." The use of the word as we know it today appeared in the early 15th century from the Old French. Today it refers to the action of teaching and the job of a teacher. It can also be used to denote the directions themselves. Consider the word's connection with structure: effective instruction is presented in an orderly, structured manner. WORD FAMILYinstruction: instructional, instructions+/instruct: instructed, instructing, instruction, instructive, instructor, instructs/instructed: uninstructed/instructive: instructively, uninstructive/instructor: instructors, instructorship/instructorship: instructorships/uninstructive: uninstructively USAGE EXAMPLESIt will also include very general instructions for committees in the House and Senate to write the actual bills repealing the law. Washington Post(Jan 02, 2017) Small-class instruction in more densely populated areas is difficult to achieve without a lot of money for more staff or classroom space. Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017) Defense attorney Scott Wood also questioned instructions to the jury and alleged the court wrongly found Kelly guilty of contempt. Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017) 1n the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill our instruction was carefully programmed Syn|Hypo|Hyper didactics, education, educational activity, pedagogy, teaching coeducation education of men and women in the same institutions continuing educationa program of instruction designed primarily for adult students who participate part-time class, course, course of instruction, course of studyeducation imparted in a series of lessons or meetings elementary educationeducation in elementary subjects (reading and writing and arithmetic) provided to young students at a grade school extension, extension service, university extensionan educational opportunity provided by colleges and universities to people who are not enrolled as regular students extracurricular activityeducational activities not falling within the scope of the regular curriculum higher educationeducation provided by a college or university secondary educationeducation beyond the elementary grades; provided by a high school or college preparatory school team teachinga method of coordinated classroom teaching involving a team of teachers working together with a single group of students work-study programan educational plan in which students alternate between paid employment and formal study adult educationa course (via lectures or correspondence) for adults who are not otherwise engaged in formal study art classa class in which you learn to draw or paint childbirth-preparation classa course that teaches pregnant women to use breathing and concentration and exercise techniques to use during labor dramaticsparticipation in theatrical productions as an extracurricular activity athleticsparticipation in sports events as an extracurricular activity correspondence coursea course offered (by mail) by a correspondence school course of lecturesa series of lectures dealing with a subject directed studya course of study that is supervised and controlled by a specialist in the subject elective, elective coursea course that the student can select from among alternatives extension coursea course offered as part of an extension service home studya course of study carried out at home rather than in a classroom industrial artsa course in the methods of using tools and machinery as taught in secondary schools and technical schools orientation, orientation coursea course introducing a new situation or environment propaedeutic, propaedeuticsa course that provides an introduction to an art or science (or to more advanced study generally) refresher, refresher coursea course that reviews and updates a topic for those who have not kept abreast of developments required coursea course that all students are required to take seminara course offered for a small group of advanced students shop, shop classa course of instruction in a trade (as carpentry or electricity) workshopa brief intensive course for a small group; emphasizes problem solving activity any specific behavior 2n the profession of a teacher Syn|Hypo|Hyper pedagogy, teaching catechesis oral religious instruction (as before baptism or confirmation) catechetical instructionteaching religious principles by questions and answers language teachingteaching people to speak and understand a foreign language teaching readingteaching beginners to read schoolingthe act of teaching at school indoctrinationteaching someone to accept doctrines uncritically tuition, tutelage, tutorshipteaching pupils individually (usually by a tutor hired privately) lessona unit of instruction hypnopedia, sleep-learningteaching during sleep (as by using recordings to teach a foreign language to someone who is asleep) spoonfeedingteaching in an overly simplified way that discourages independent thought lecture, lecturingteaching by giving a discourse on some subject (typically to a class) language lessona period of instruction learning a language phonicsteaching reading by training beginners to associate letters with their sound values whole-word methodteaching reading by training beginners to associate printed words with spoken words brainwashingforcible indoctrination into a new set of attitudes and beliefs inculcation, ingraining, instillingteaching or impressing upon the mind by frequent instruction or repetition dance lessona lesson in dancing music lessona lesson in performing music tennis lessona lesson in playing tennis golf lessona lesson in playing golf talkthe act of giving a talk to an audience education the profession of teaching (especially at a school or college or university) 3n a message describing how something is to be done Syn|Exp|Hypo|Hyper direction Robert's Rules of Order a book of rules for presiding over a meeting; written by Henry M. Martin in 1876 and subsequently updated through many editions rule any one of a systematic body of regulations defining the way of life of members of a religious order prescript, ruleprescribed guide for conduct or action rubricdirections for the conduct of Christian church services (often printed in red in a prayer book) misdirectionincorrect directions or instructions address, destination, name and addresswritten directions for finding some location; written on letters or packages that are to be delivered to that location markupdetailed stylistic instructions for typesetting something that is to be printed; manual markup is usually written on the copy (e.g. underlining words that are to be set in italics) prescriptiondirections prescribed beforehand; the action of prescribing authoritative rules or directions formula, recipedirections for making something ruledirections that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted stage directionan instruction written as part of the script of a play styleeditorial directions to be followed in spelling and punctuation and capitalization and typographical display system commanda computer user's instruction (not part of a program) that calls for action by the computer's executive program bylawa rule adopted by an organization in order to regulate its own affairs and the behavior of its members rubrican authoritative rule of conduct or procedure order, parliamentary law, parliamentary procedure, rules of ordera body of rules followed by an assembly rule of evidence(law) a rule of law whereby any alleged matter of fact that is submitted for investigation at a judicial trial is established or disproved Miranda rulethe rule that police (when interrogating you after an arrest) are obliged to warn you that anything you say may be used as evidence and to read you your constitutional rights (the right to a lawyer and the right to remain silent until advised by a lawyer) precept, principlerule of personal conduct golden ruleany important rule GIGO(computer science) a rule stating that the quality of the output is a function of the quality of the input; put garbage in and you get garbage out dictatean authoritative rule ordinance, regulationan authoritative rule canona rule or especially body of rules or principles generally established as valid and fundamental in a field or art or philosophy etiquetterules governing socially acceptable behavior communications protocol, protocol(computer science) rules determining the format and transmission of data return addressthe address of the sender of a letter or parcel indicating where it should be returned if it cannot be delivered ground rule(baseball) a special rule (as in baseball) dealing with situations that arise due to the nature of the playing grounds content, message, subject matter, substance what a communication that is about something is about 4n (computer science) a line of code written as part of a computer program Syn|Hypo|Hyper command, program line, statement call an instruction that interrupts the program being executed command linecommands that a user types in order to run an application link(computing) an instruction that connects one part of a program or an element on a list to another program or list macro, macro instructiona single computer instruction that results in a series of instructions in machine language system erroran instruction that is either not recognized by an operating system or is in violation of the procedural rules toggleany instruction that works first one way and then the other; it turns something on the first time it is used and then turns it off the next time function calla call that passes control to a subroutine; after the subroutine is executed control returns to the next instruction in main program hyperlinka link from a hypertext file to another location or file; typically activated by clicking on a highlighted word or icon at a particular location on the screen supervisor call instruction, system callan instruction that interrupts the program being executed and passes control to the supervisor code, computer code (computer science) the symbolic arrangement of data or instructions in a computer program or the set of such instructions |
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