| 单词 | alteration |
| 释义 | alteration (once / 518 pages) n The pants are too long, the jacket too tight and the vest is too short. Looks like your suit is in need of some serious alteration, or adjustment. No one knows alterations like tailors. All they do is adjust, modify and otherwise alter people's ill fitting clothes. But hemlines aren't the only things that can undergo alteration. Savvy scientists may someday make alterations to genetic sequencing — just like Dr. Jekyll underwent some serious alterations to become Mr. Hyde. WORD FAMILYalteration: alterations+/alter: alterable, alteration, alterative, altered, altering, alters/alterable: alterability, inalterable, unalterable/altered: unaltered/altering: alterings/inalterable: inalterably/unalterable: unalterability, unalterably USAGE EXAMPLESEven studies showing that alterations in the microbiota correlate with disease severity, or that the microbiota normalizes with remission, fail to prove causation over correlation. Nature(Dec 20, 2016) They also found hints that the alterations help women prepare for motherhood. Seattle Times(Dec 19, 2016) Michael E. Hammond, a legal adviser to the gun-rights group, said the alterations never seem to be enough for those who dislike guns. Washington Post(Dec 18, 2016) 1n the act of revising or altering (involving reconsideration and modification) Syn|Hypo|Hyper revision distraction, misdirection the act of distracting; drawing someone's attention away from something modulationthe act of modifying or adjusting according to due measure and proportion (as with regard to artistic effect) qualificationthe act of modifying or changing the strength of some idea reorganizationan extensive alteration of the structure of a corporation or government metamorphosis, transfigurationa striking change in appearance or character or circumstances transformation, translation the act of changing in form or shape or appearance 2n the act of making something different (as e.g. the size of a garment) Syn|Hypo|Hyper adjustment, modification laxation, loosening the act of making something less tight tighteningthe act of making something tighter accommodation(physiology) the automatic adjustment in focal length of the natural lens of the eye adaptation(physiology) the responsive adjustment of a sense organ (as the eye) to varying conditions (as of light) tunethe adjustment of a radio receiver or other circuit to a required frequency undoing, unfastening, untyingloosening the ties that fasten something dark adaptationthe process of adjusting the eyes to low levels of illumination; cones adapt first; rods continue to adapt for up to four hours light adaptationthe process of adjusting the eyes to relatively high levels of illumination; the pupil constricts and the cones system is operative take-upthe action of taking up as by tightening or absorption or reeling in change the action of changing something 3n an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another Syn|Exp|Hypo|Hyper change, modification Crucifixion the death of Jesus by crucifixion Great Schismthe period from 1378 to 1417 during which there were two papacies in the Roman Catholic Church, one in Rome and one in Avignon acceleration an increase in rate of change deceleration, retardation, slowinga decrease in rate of change avulsionan abrupt change in the course of a stream that forms the boundary between two parcels of land resulting in the loss of part of the land of one landowner and a consequent increase in the land of another breakan abrupt change in the tone or register of the voice (as at puberty or due to emotion) mutationa change or alteration in form or qualities sublimation(psychology) modifying the natural expression of an impulse or instinct (especially a sexual one) to one that is socially acceptable surprisea sudden unexpected event birth, nascence, nascency, nativitythe event of being born breakup, detachment, separationcoming apart vagaryan unexpected and inexplicable change in something (in a situation or a person's behavior, etc.) fluctuation, variationan instance of change; the rate or magnitude of change conversiona change of religion death, decease, expirythe event of dying or departure from life decrease, drop-off, lesseninga change downward destabilizationan event that causes a loss of equilibrium (as of a ship or aircraft) increasea change resulting in an increase easing, moderation, reliefa change for the better deformationalteration in the shape or dimensions of an object as a result of the application of stress to it transitiona change from one place or state or subject or stage to another shift, transformation, transmutationa qualitative change scintillation, sparkling, twinklea rapid change in brightness; a brief spark or flash play, shimmera weak and tremulous light transmutation(physics) the change of one chemical element into another (as by nuclear decay or radioactive bombardment) damage, harm, impairmentthe occurrence of a change for the worse developmenta recent event that has some relevance for the present situation revolutiona drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving chromosomal mutation, genetic mutation, mutation(genetics) any event that changes genetic structure; any alteration in the inherited nucleic acid sequence of the genotype of an organism sex changea change in a person's physical sexual characteristics (as by surgery and hormone treatments) loss of consciousnessthe occurrence of a loss of the ability to perceive and respond getaway, pickupthe attribute of being capable of rapid acceleration precipitationan unexpected acceleration or hastening bombshell, thunderbolt, thunderclapa shocking surprise coup de theatrea dramatic surprise eye openersomething surprising and revealing peripeteia, peripetia, peripetya sudden and unexpected change of fortune or reverse of circumstances (especially in a literary work) blow, shockan unpleasant or disappointing surprise stunneran unexpected and amazing event disembarrassmentsomething that extricates you from embarrassment shrinkage, shrinkingprocess or result of becoming less or smaller breach, break, falling out, rift, rupture, severancea personal or social separation (as between opposing factions) deliverythe event of giving birth live birththe birth of a living fetus (regardless of the length of gestation) posthumous birthbirth of a child by Caesarean section after the death of the mother posthumous birthbirth of a child after the father has died rebirth, reincarnation, renascencea second or new birth fatality, human deatha death resulting from an accident or a disaster martyrdomdeath that is imposed because of the person's adherence of a religious faith or cause megadeaththe death of a million people departure, exit, expiration, going, loss, passing, releaseeuphemistic expressions for death wrongful deatha death that results from a wrongful act or from negligence; a death that can serve as the basis for a civil action for damages on behalf of the dead person's family or heirs vicissitudea variation in circumstances or fortune at different times in your life or in the development of something allomerism(chemistry) variability in chemical composition without variation in crystalline form casualtya decrease of military personnel or equipment Christianisation, Christianizationconversion to Christianity sinkinga slow fall or decline (as for lack of strength) attritiona wearing down to weaken or destroy breath of fresh aira welcome relief advance, betterment, improvementa change for the better; progress in development ground swellan obvious change of public opinion or political sentiment that occurs without leadership or overt expression jump, leap, saltationan abrupt transition population shifta change in the relative numbers of the different groups of individuals making up a population pyrolysistransformation of a substance produced by the action of heat sea changea profound transformation sublimation(chemistry) a change directly from the solid to the gaseous state without becoming liquid tin disease, tin pest, tin plaguethe transformation of ordinary white tin into powdery grey tin at very cold temperatures departure, deviation, difference, divergencea variation that deviates from the standard or norm breakthe occurrence of breaking augmentationthe amount by which something increases concentrationincrease in density explosiona sudden great increase jump, leapa sudden and decisive increase run-up, runupa substantial increase over a relatively short period of time waxinga gradual increase in magnitude or extent changeover, conversion, transitionan event that results in a transformation detriment, hurta damage or loss dwindling, dwindling awaya becoming gradually less waninga gradual decrease in magnitude or extent turn, turn of events, twistan unforeseen development phenomenona remarkable development complication, ramificationa development that complicates a situation Cultural Revolution, Great Proletarian Cultural Revolutiona radical reform in China initiated by Mao Zedong in 1965 and carried out largely by the Red Guard; intended to eliminate counterrevolutionary elements in the government it resulted in purges of the intellectuals and socioeconomic chaos green revolutionthe introduction of pesticides and high-yield grains and better management during the 1960s and 1970s which greatly increased agricultural productivity deletion(genetics) the loss or absence of one or more nucleotides from a chromosome inversion(genetics) a kind of mutation in which the order of the genes in a section of a chromosome is reversed transposition(genetics) a kind of mutation in which a chromosomal segment is transfered to a new position on the same or another chromosome gene mutation, point mutation(genetics) a mutation due to an intramolecular reorganization of a gene reversion(genetics) a return to a normal phenotype (usually resulting from a second mutation) saltation(genetics) a mutation that drastically changes the phenotype of an organism or species degeneration, retrogressionpassing from a more complex to a simpler biological form strengtheningbecoming stronger weakeningbecoming weaker deformation, distortiona change for the worse ladder, ravel, runa row of unravelled stitches permutation, replacement, substitution, switch, transpositionan event in which one thing is substituted for another business cycle, trade cyclerecurring fluctuations in economic activity consisting of recession and recovery and growth and decline daily variationfluctuations that occur between one day and the next diurnal variationfluctuations that occur during each day tidesomething that may increase or decrease (like the tides of the sea) deliquium, faint, swoon, syncopea spontaneous loss of consciousness caused by insufficient blood to the brain shear(physics) a deformation of an object in which parallel planes remain parallel but are shifted in a direction parallel to themselves strain(physics) deformation of a physical body under the action of applied forces happening, natural event, occurrence, occurrent an event that happens |
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