| 单词 | foul |
| 释义 | foul (once / 262 pages) 1adjv 2adjnv 3adj 4adj 5adj Foul is most commonly used as an adjective to describe a bad smell. As a verb, foul usually means “make dirty or messy.” You might foul your room to the point where it smells a bit foul. In general, foul can be used as an adjective meaning "bad." Foul luck is bad luck; a foul day is a bad day. As a verb, foul can mean "break the rules." It’s used this way in sports, like when you commit a foul on the basketball court. The phrase "foul play" can be used in the context of sports or more generally, to indicate unfair or violent behavior. Avoid confusing foul with fowl, which refers to birds, especially chickens. WORD FAMILYfoul: fouled, fouler, foulest, fouling, foully, foulness, fouls+/foulness: foulnesses USAGE EXAMPLESCounty police are investigating but do not suspect foul play, according to a statement on the county’s Facebook page. Washington Post(Jan 02, 2017) He was fouled on the play but his free throw with 0.9 seconds left was short. Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017) But the Nettuno picture fell foul of the social media giant’s privacy policies, the Daily Telegraph reported. The Guardian(Jan 02, 2017) 1 1adj highly offensive; arousing aversion or disgust Syn disgustful, disgusting, distasteful, loathly, loathsome, repellant, repellent, repelling, revolting, skanky, wicked, yucky offensive unpleasant or disgusting especially to the senses 2adj offensively malodorous a foul odor Syn fetid, foetid, foul-smelling, funky, ill-scented, noisome, smelly, stinking ill-smelling, malodorous, malodourous, stinky, unpleasant-smelling having an unpleasant smell 3adj disgustingly dirty; filled or smeared with offensive matter a foul pond Syn filthy, nasty dirty, soiled, unclean soiled or likely to soil with dirt or grime 4v make unclean foul the water Hyper begrime, bemire, colly, dirty, grime, soil make soiled, filthy, or dirty 5v make impure Syn|Hypo|Hyper contaminate, pollute infect, taint contaminate with a disease or microorganism superinfectinfect (an infected cell) further or infect a cell already containing similar organisms smutaffect with smut or mildew, as of a crop such as corn begrime, bemire, colly, dirty, grime, soil make soiled, filthy, or dirty 6v spot, stain, or pollute Syn|Hyper befoul, defile, maculate attaint, disgrace, dishonor, dishonour, shame bring shame or dishonor upon 7v become soiled and dirty Hyper change undergo a change; become different in essence; losing one's or its original nature 8v become or cause to become obstructed 2Syn|Ant|Hypo|Hyper back up, choke, choke off, clog, clog up, congest unclog become or cause to become unobstructed gum up stick together as if with gum crap upbecome obstructed or chocked up block, choke up, lug, stuffobstruct silt, silt upbecome chocked with silt block, close up, impede, jam, obstruct, obturate, occlude block passage through 1adj violating accepted standards or rules used foul means to gain power Syn cheating, dirty, unsporting, unsportsmanlike unfair, unjust not fair; marked by injustice or partiality or deception 2adj (of a baseball) not hit between the foul lines Syn|Ant out-of-bounds outside the foul lines fair (of a baseball) hit between the foul lines in-boundsbetween the first and third base lines 3n an act that violates the rules of a sport Hypo|Hyper foul ball (baseball) a ball struck with the bat so that it does not stay between the lines (the foul lines) that define the width of the playing field personal foula foul that involves unnecessarily rough contact (as in basketball or football) technical, technical foul(basketball) a foul that can be assessed on a player or a coach or a team for unsportsmanlike conduct; does not usually involve physical contact during play infringement, violation an act that disregards an agreement or a right 4v commit a foul; break the rules Hypo|Hyper hack kick on the shins hackkick on the arms play participate in games or sport 5v hit a foul ball 3Hypo|Hyper foul out baseball: hit a ball such that it is caught from an out in foul territory hit cause to move by striking adj characterized by obscenity 4foul language Syn cruddy, filthy, nasty, smutty dirty (of behavior or especially language) characterized by obscenity or indecency adj (of a manuscript) defaced with changes 5Syn dirty, marked-up illegible (of handwriting, print, etc.) not legible adj especially of a ship's lines etc a foul anchor Syn afoul, fouled tangled in a confused mass |
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