| 单词 | process |
| 释义 | process (once / 64 pages) 1nv 2nv 3n 4v A process is a procedure, something you do in order to achieve a certain result. Some people try to carefully follow all the steps in a process. Other people just wing it. You hear this word being used a lot to describe work. "I am in the process of drafting a memo, even if I kill myself with late nights in the process." The related word procession describes people or vehicles moving forward in an orderly way — a wedding opens with the bridal procession. WORD FAMILYprocess: processed, processes, processing, processor, reprocess+/microprocessor: microprocessors/processed: semi-processed, unprocessed/processing: multiprocessing/processor: microprocessor, multiprocessor, processors/reprocess: reprocessed, reprocesses, reprocessing USAGE EXAMPLESExpect delays in passenger processing until the system is restored. Time(Jan 03, 2017) The inventors of the new process are two young chemists at the Indian Institute of Technology in Kharagpur. The Guardian(Jan 03, 2017) But there was no way to quantify that process, other than by weight. Washington Post(Dec 30, 2016) 1 1n a particular course of action intended to achieve a result it was a process of trial and error Syn|Hypo|Hyper procedure Bertillon system a system or procedure for identifying persons fingerprintingthe procedure of taking inked impressions of a person's fingerprints for the purpose of identification genetic fingerprinting, genetic profilingthe procedure of analyzing the DNA in samples of a person's body tissue or body fluid for the purpose of identification diagnostic procedure, diagnostic techniquea procedure followed in making a medical diagnosis emergency procedure(medicine) a procedure adopted to meet an emergency (especially a medical emergency) experimental procedurethe specific techniques used in conducting a particular experiment calculation, computation, computingthe procedure of calculating; determining something by mathematical or logical methods medical procedurea procedure employed by medical or dental practitioners chromosome mapping, mapping(genetics) the process of locating genes on a chromosome operating procedurea procedure for operating something or for dealing with a given situation stiffeningthe act of becoming stiff indirectionindirect procedure or action rigamarole, rigmarolea long and complicated and confusing procedure modus operandi, routinean unvarying or habitual method or procedure condition, experimental conditionthe procedure that is varied in order to estimate a variable's effect by comparison with a control condition formula, rule(mathematics) a standard procedure for solving a class of mathematical problems prenatal diagnosisany of the diagnostic procedures used to determine whether a fetus has a genetic abnormality double-blind experiment, double-blind procedure, double-blind studyan experimental procedure in which neither the subjects of the experiment nor the persons administering the experiment know the critical aspects of the experiment cardiac massage, heart massagean emergency procedure that employs rhythmic compression of the heart (either through the chest wall or, during surgery, directly to the heart) in an attempt to maintain circulation during cardiac arrest operation, surgery, surgical operation, surgical procedure, surgical processa medical procedure involving an incision with instruments; performed to repair damage or arrest disease in a living body artificial respirationan emergency procedure whereby breathing is maintained artificially cardiography, electrocardiographydiagnostic procedure consisting of recording the activity of the heart electronically with a cardiograph (and producing a cardiogram) echocardiographya noninvasive diagnostic procedure that uses ultrasound to study to structure and motions of the heart echoencephalographya noninvasive diagnostic procedure that uses ultrasound to study the anatomy of the brain CPR, cardiac resuscitation, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, kiss of life, mouth-to-mouth resuscitationan emergency procedure consisting of external cardiac massage and artificial respiration; the first treatment for a person who has collapsed and has no pulse and has stopped breathing; attempts to restore circulation of the blood and prevent death or brain damage due to lack of oxygen Heimlich maneuver, Heimlich manoeuverean emergency procedure to help someone who is choking because food is lodged in the trachea transposition(mathematics) the transfer of a quantity from one side of an equation to the other along with a change of sign number crunchingperforming complex and lengthy numerical calculations mathematical operation, mathematical process, operation(mathematics) calculation by mathematical methods recalculationthe act of calculating again (usually to eliminate errors or to include additional data) auscultationlistening to sounds within the body (usually with a stethoscope) X-ray photography, roentgenographyradiography that uses X-rays to produce a roentgenogram electromyographydiagnosis of neuromuscular disorders with the use of an electromyograph mammographya diagnostic procedure to detect breast tumors by the use of X rays thermographydiagnostic technique using a thermograph to record the heat produced by different parts of the body; used to study blood flow and to detect tumors dental procedurea procedure employed by a dentist SOP, standard operating procedure, standard procedure, standing operating procedurea prescribed procedure to be followed routinely rat racean exhausting routine that leaves no time for relaxation groove, ruta settled and monotonous routine that is hard to escape metarulea rule that describes how other rules should be used (as in AI) algorithm, algorithmic program, algorithmic rulea precise rule (or set of rules) specifying how to solve some problem heuristic, heuristic program, heuristic rulea commonsense rule (or set of rules) intended to increase the probability of solving some problem recursion(mathematics) an expression such that each term is generated by repeating a particular mathematical operation activity any specific behavior 2n a sustained phenomenon or one marked by gradual changes through a series of states events now in process the process of calcification begins later for boys than for girls Syn|Hypo|Hyper physical process phenomenon any state or process known through the senses rather than by intuition or reasoning chelation(medicine) the process of removing a heavy metal from the bloodstream by means of a chelate as in treating lead or mercury poisoning dealignmenta process whereby voters are moved toward nonpartisanship thus weakening the structure of political parties decrease, decrementa process of becoming smaller or shorter degeneration, devolutionthe process of declining from a higher to a lower level of effective power or vitality or essential quality development, evolutiona process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage (especially a more advanced or mature stage) economic processany process affecting the production and development and management of material wealth encapsulationthe process of enclosing (as in a capsule) execution, instruction execution(computer science) the process of carrying out an instruction by a computer human processa process in which human beings are involved growth, increase, incrementa process of becoming larger or longer or more numerous or more important industrial processa systematic series of mechanical or chemical operations that produce or manufacture something irreversible processany process that is not reversible iteration, looping(computer science) executing the same set of instructions a given number of times or until a specified result is obtained iteration, loop(computer science) a single execution of a set of instructions that are to be repeated action, activity, natural action, natural processa process existing in or produced by nature (rather than by the intent of human beings) functioning, operation, performanceprocess or manner of functioning or operating biological process, organic processa process occurring in living organisms photographythe process of producing images of objects on photosensitive surfaces processingpreparing or putting through a prescribed procedure reversible processany process in which a system can be made to pass through the same states in the reverse order when the process is reversed sensitisation, sensitization(psychology) the process of becoming highly sensitive to specific events or situations (especially emotional events or situations) defining, shapingany process serving to define the shape of something variationthe process of varying or being varied covariation(statistics) correlated variation radiationthe spread of a group of organisms into new habitats natural phenomenonall phenomena that are not artificial levitationthe phenomenon of a person or thing rising into the air by apparently supernatural means metempsychosis, rebirthafter death the soul begins a new cycle of existence in another human body consequence, effect, event, issue, outcome, result, upshota phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon chance, fortune, hazard, luckan unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that causes an event to result one way rather than another fortune, luckan unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that leads to a favorable outcome pulsationa periodically recurring phenomenon that alternately increases and decreases some quantity absorption(physics) the process in which incident radiated energy is retained without reflection or transmission on passing through a medium accessiona process of increasing by addition (as to a collection or group) accretion, accumulationan increase by natural growth or addition accretion(geology) an increase in land resulting from alluvial deposits or waterborne sediment accretion(biology) growth by addition as by the adhesion of parts or particles accretion(astronomy) the formation of a celestial object by the effect of gravity pulling together surrounding objects and gases Acheson processan industrial process for making graphite by heating a mixture of coke and clay acidificationthe process of becoming acid or being converted into an acid adaptation, adaption, adjustmentthe process of adapting to something (such as environmental conditions) adiabatic process(thermodynamics) any process that occurs without gain or loss of heat aerationthe process of exposing to air (so as to purify) agglutinationa clumping of bacteria or red cells when held together by antibodies (agglutinins) ageing, aging, senescencethe organic process of growing older and showing the effects of increasing age anaglyphythe process of producing pictures in contrasting colors that appear three-dimensional when superimposed and viewed through spectacles with one red and one green lens anovulationthe absence of ovulation due to immaturity or post-maturity or pregnancy or oral contraceptive pills or dysfunction of the ovary antiredepositionthe process of preventing redeposition antisepsis, asepsisthe process of inhibiting the growth and multiplication of microorganisms assibilationthe development of a consonant phoneme into a sibilant absorption, assimilationthe process of absorbing nutrients into the body after digestion attackthe onset of a corrosive or destructive process (as by a chemical agent) autotype, autotypyprocess for producing permanent prints in a carbon pigment autoregulation(physiology) processes that maintain a generally constant physiological state in a cell or organism bacteriostasisinhibition of the growth of bacteria batch processingthe serial execution of computer programs Bessemer processan industrial process for making steel using a Bessemer converter to blast air through molten iron and thus burning the excess carbon and impurities; the first successful method of making steel in quantity at low cost bloom, bloomingthe organic process of bearing flowers blowingprocessing that involves blowing a gas activity, bodily function, bodily process, body processan organic process that takes place in the body captureany process in which an atomic or nuclear system acquires an additional particle capturea process whereby a star or planet holds an object in its gravitational field carbon cyclethe organic circulation of carbon from the atmosphere into organisms and back again catabolism, destructive metabolism, dissimilation, katabolismbreakdown in living organisms of more complex substances into simpler ones together with release of energy cell division, cellular divisionthe process in reproduction and growth by which a cell divides to form daughter cells centrifugationthe process of separating substances of different densities by the use of a centrifuge chemical action, chemical change, chemical process(chemistry) any process determined by the atomic and molecular composition and structure of the substances involved chromatographya process used for separating mixtures by virtue of differences in absorbency concretionthe formation of stonelike objects within a body organ (e.g., the kidneys) condensationthe process of changing from a gaseous to a liquid or solid state convection(meteorology) the vertical movement of heat or other properties by massive motion within the atmosphere crossing over, crossoverthe interchange of sections between pairing homologous chromosomes during the prophase of meiosis clotting, coagulation, curdlingthe process of forming semisolid lumps in a liquid cyanide processan industrial process for extracting gold and silver by treating ore with a sodium cyanide solution data processing(computer science) a series of operations on data by a computer in order to retrieve or transform or classify information decay, declinea gradual decrease; as of stored charge or current decaythe process of gradually becoming inferior decline, diminutionchange toward something smaller or lower deepeninga process of becoming deeper and more profound deflationa contraction of economic activity resulting in a decline of prices defoliationthe loss of foliage demagnetisation, demagnetizationthe process of removing magnetization demandthe ability and desire to purchase goods and services deossificationthe loss of the mineral content of bone tissue desensitisation, desensitizationthe process of reducing sensitivity desorptionchanging from an adsorbed state on a surface to a gaseous or liquid state developing, developmentprocessing a photosensitive material in order to make an image visible diffusion(physics) the process in which there is movement of a substance from an area of high concentration of that substance to an area of lower concentration digestionthe organic process by which food is converted into substances that can be absorbed into the body digital photographya photographic method that stores the image digitally for later reproduction disinflationa reduction of prices intended to improve the balance of payments disintegration, dissolutionseparation into component parts distillation, distillmentthe process of purifying a liquid by boiling it and condensing its vapors driftthe gradual departure from an intended course due to external influences (as a ship or plane) dry plate, dry plate processa former photographic method that used a glass plate coated with a light-sensitive gelatinous emulsion eburnationa change that occurs in degenerative joint disease in which bone is converted into a dense smooth substance resembling ivory ecchymosisthe escape of blood from ruptured blood vessels into the surrounding tissue to form a purple or black-and-blue spot on the skin economic growthsteady growth in the productive capacity of the economy (and so a growth of national income) effacementshortening of the uterine cervix and thinning of its walls as it is dilated during labor effervescencethe process of bubbling as gas escapes cataphoresis, dielectrolysis, electrophoresis, ionophoresisthe motion of charged particles in a colloid under the influence of an electric field; particles with a positive charge go to the cathode and negative to the anode electrostatic precipitationa process that removes suspended dust particles from a gas by applying a high voltage electrostatic charge to the particles and collecting them on charged plates erythropoiesisthe process of producing red blood cells by the stem cells in the bone marrow ecesis, establishment(ecology) the process by which a plant or animal becomes established in a new habitat eutrophicationexcessive nutrients in a lake or other body of water, usually caused by runoff of nutrients (animal waste, fertilizers, sewage) from the land, which causes a dense growth of plant life; the decomposition of the plants depletes the supply of oxygen, leading to the death of animal life evolution, organic evolution, phylogenesis, phylogeny(biology) the sequence of events involved in the evolutionary development of a species or taxonomic group of organisms expression(genetics) the process of expressing a gene extinctionthe reduction of the intensity of radiation as a consequence of absorption and radiation extractionthe process of obtaining something from a mixture or compound by chemical or physical or mechanical means extravasationthe process of exuding or passing out of a vessel into surrounding tissues; said of blood or lymph or urine feedbackthe process in which part of the output of a system is returned to its input in order to regulate its further output filtrationthe process whereby fluids pass through a filter or a filtering medium flocculationthe process of flocculating; forming woolly cloudlike aggregations flowany uninterrupted stream or discharge formationnatural process that causes something to form fossilisation, fossilizationthe process of fossilizing a plant or animal that existed in some earlier age; the process of being turned to stone fractional process, fractionationa process that uses heat to separate a substance into its components gastrulationthe process in which a gastrula develops from a blastula by the inward migration of cells geologic process, geological process(geology) a natural process whereby geological features are modified globalisation, globalizationgrowth to a global or worldwide scale glycogenesisthe formation in animals of glycogen from glucose development, growing, growth, maturation, ontogenesis, ontogeny(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level growtha progression from simpler to more complex forms Haber process, Haber-Bosch processan industrial process for producing ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen by combining them under high pressure in the presence of an iron catalyst curing, hardening, set, solidification, solidifyingthe process of becoming hard or solid by cooling or drying or crystallization haematogenesis, haematopoiesis, haemogenesis, haemopoiesis, hematogenesis, hematopoiesis, hemogenesis, hemopoiesis, sanguificationthe formation of blood cells in the living body (especially in the bone marrow) hereditythe biological process whereby genetic factors are transmitted from one generation to the next humificationthe process of the formation of humus from plant remains epistasis, hypostasisthe suppression of a gene by the effect of an unrelated gene implantation, nidation(embryology) the organic process whereby a fertilized egg becomes implanted in the lining of the uterus of placental mammals inactivationthe process of rendering inactive inflation, rising pricesa general and progressive increase in prices inhibition(physiology) the process whereby nerves can retard or prevent the functioning of an organ or part infolding, introversion, intussusception, invaginationthe folding in of an outer layer so as to form a pocket in the surface involutionreduction in size of an organ or part (as in the return of the uterus to normal size after childbirth) ion exchangea process in which ions are exchanged between a solution and an insoluble (usually resinous) solid; widely used in industrial processing ionisation, ionizationthe process of ionizing; the formation of ions by separating atoms or molecules or radicals or by adding or subtracting electrons from atoms by strong electric fields in a gas cytokinesisorganic process consisting of the division of the cytoplasm of a cell following karyokinesis bringing about the separation into two daughter cells karyokinesisorganic process consisting of the division of the nucleus of a cell during mitosis or meiosis keratinisation, keratinizationorganic process by which keratin is deposited in cells and the cells become horny (as in nails and hair) Krebs citric acid cycle, Krebs cycle, citric acid cycle, tricarboxylic acid cyclein all plants and animals: a series of enzymatic reactions in mitochondria involving oxidative metabolism of acetyl compounds to produce high-energy phosphate compounds that are the source of cellular energy leach, leachingthe process of leaching linguistic processa process involved in human language lymphopoiesisthe formation of lymphocytes in the bone marrow and lymph nodes and thymus and spleen lysogenisation, lysogenizationthe process by which a bacterium acquires a phage that becomes integrated into its genome magnetic induction, magnetisation, magnetizationthe process that makes a substance magnetic (temporarily or permanently) market forcesthe interaction of supply and demand that shapes a market economy materialisation, materializationthe process of coming into being; becoming reality maturation, maturement, ripeningcoming to full development; becoming mature metabolic process, metabolismthe organic processes (in a cell or organism) that are necessary for life metabolism, metamorphosisthe marked and rapid transformation of a larva into an adult that occurs in some animals multiplicationa multiplicative increase concurrent execution, multiprogrammingthe execution of two or more computer programs by a single computer narrowinga decrease in width nitrogen cyclethe circulation of nitrogen; nitrates from the soil are absorbed by plants which are eaten by animals that die and decay returning the nitrogen back to the soil nitrogen fixationthe assimilation of atmospheric nitrogen by soil bacteria and its release for plant use on the death of the bacteria nondevelopmentfailure of normal development to occur nuclear reaction(physics) a process that alters the energy or structure or composition of atomic nuclei nutrition(physiology) the organic process of nourishing or being nourished; the processes by which an organism assimilates food and uses it for growth and maintenance obsolescencethe process of becoming obsolete; falling into disuse or becoming out of date opacificationthe process of becoming cloudy or opaque organificationthe process of organ formation oscillationthe process of oscillating between states ossificationthe developmental process of bone formation ossificationthe process of becoming rigidly fixed in a conventional pattern of thought or behavior ovulationthe expulsion of an ovum from the ovary (usually midway in the menstrual cycle) oxidative phosphorylationan enzymatic process in cell metabolism that synthesizes ATP from ADP oxygenationthe process of providing or combining or treating with oxygen pair creation, pair formation, pair productionthe transformation of a gamma-ray photon into an electron and a positron when the photon passes close to an atomic nucleus birth, birthing, giving birth, parturitionthe process of giving birth pathologic process, pathological processan organic process occurring as a consequence of disease perennationthe process of living through a number of years (as a perennial plant) phase change, phase transition, physical change, state changea change from one state (solid or liquid or gas) to another without a change in chemical composition photomechanics, photoplate makingthe process whereby printing surfaces (plates or cylinders) are produced by photographic methods population growthincrease in the number of people who inhabit a territory or state powder method, powder photography, powder techniquea process for identifying minerals or crystals; a small rod is coated with a powdered form of the substance and subjected to suitably modified X-rays; the pattern of diffracted rings is used for identification precession of the equinoxesa slow westward shift of the equinoxes along the plane of the ecliptic caused by precession of the Earth's axis of rotation preservationa process that saves organic substances from decay proliferationa rapid increase in number (especially a rapid increase in the number of deadly weapons) psychoanalytic processa process that is assumed to occur in psychoanalytic theory pullulationa rapid and abundant increase quellung, quellung reactionthe swelling of the capsule surrounding a microorganism after reaction with an antibody; the basis of certain tests for identifying microorganisms quickeningthe process of showing signs of life radiography, skiagraphythe process of making a radiograph; producing an image on a radiosensitive surface by radiation other than visible light purification, refinement, refiningthe process of removing impurities (as from oil or metals or sugar etc.) regeneration(biology) growth anew of lost tissue or destroyed parts or organs regulation(embryology) the ability of an early embryo to continue normal development after its structure has been somehow damaged or altered relaxation(physiology) the gradual lengthening of inactive muscle or muscle fibers releasea process that liberates or discharges something replication(genetics) the process whereby DNA makes a copy of itself before cell division reproductionthe process of generating offspring reabsorption, resorptionthe organic process in which the substance of some differentiated structure that has been produced by the body undergoes lysis and assimilation ageing, aging, ripeningacquiring desirable qualities by being left undisturbed for some time saltation(geology) the leaping movement of sand or soil particles as they are transported in a fluid medium over an uneven surface scanningthe process of translating photographs into a digital form that can be recognized by a computer scatteringthe physical process in which particles are deflected haphazardly as a result of collisions secernment, secretionthe organic process of synthesizing and releasing some substance segregation(genetics) the separation of paired alleles during meiosis so that members of each pair of alleles appear in different gametes sericultureraising silkworms in order to obtain raw silk shedding, sloughingthe process whereby something is shed sink(technology) a process that acts to absorb or remove energy or a substance from a system slippagea decrease of transmitted power in a mechanical system caused by slipping soak, soakage, soakingthe process of becoming softened and saturated as a consequence of being immersed in water (or other liquid) social processa process involved in the formation of groups of persons softeningthe process of becoming softer Solvay processan industrial process for producing sodium carbonate from sodium chloride and ammonia and carbon dioxide sorptionthe process in which one substance takes up or holds another (by either absorption or adsorption) source(technology) a process by which energy or a substance enters a system spirala continuously accelerating change in the economy rigidification, rigidifying, stiffeningthe process of becoming stiff or rigid stimulation(physiology) the effect of a stimulus (on nerves or organs etc.) ecological succession, succession(ecology) the gradual and orderly process of change in an ecosystem brought about by the progressive replacement of one community by another until a stable climax is established summation(physiology) the process whereby multiple stimuli can produce a response (in a muscle or nerve or other part) that one stimulus alone does not produce supplyoffering goods and services for sale natural selection, selection, survival, survival of the fittesta natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment symphysisa growing together of parts or structures synapsisthe side by side pairing of homologous maternal and paternal chromosomes at the start of meiosis synergism, synergythe working together of two things (muscles or drugs for example) to produce an effect greater than the sum of their individual effects synezesis, synizesisthe contraction of chromatin towards one side of the nucleus during the prophase of meiosis temperature changea process whereby the degree of hotness of a body (or medium) changes transcription(genetics) the organic process whereby the DNA sequence in a gene is copied into mRNA; the process whereby a base sequence of messenger RNA is synthesized on a template of complementary DNA transductionthe process whereby a transducer accepts energy in one form and gives back related energy in a different form transduction(genetics) the process of transfering genetic material from one cell to another by a plasmid or bacteriophage translation(genetics) the process whereby genetic information coded in messenger RNA directs the formation of a specific protein at a ribosome in the cytoplasm folding, protein foldingthe process whereby a protein molecule assumes its intricate three-dimensional shape translocation(genetics) an exchange of chromosome parts translocationthe transport of dissolved material within a plant transpirationthe emission of water vapor from the leaves of plants transpirationthe passage of gases through fine tubes because of differences in pressure or temperature tumefactionthe process of tumefying; the organic process whereby tissue becomes swollen by the accumulation of fluid within it ulcerationthe process of ulcer formation; the process of becoming ulcerated flowering, unfoldinga developmental process uptakea process of taking up or using up or consuming vascularisation, vascularizationthe organic process whereby body tissue becomes vascular and develops capillaries blistering, vesication, vesiculationthe formation of vesicles in or beneath the skin video digitizingthe process of capturing and converting and storing video images for use by a computer vitrificationthe process of becoming vitreous vulcanisation, vulcanizationprocess of treating rubber or rubberlike materials with sulphur at great heat to improve elasticity and strength or to harden them wastagethe process of wasting broadening, wideningan increase in width macular degenerationeye disease caused by degeneration of the cells of the macula lutea and results in blurred vision; can cause blindness physical entity an entity that has physical existence 3n (psychology) the performance of some composite cognitive activity; an operation that affects mental contents the process of thinking Syn|Hypo|Hyper cognitive operation, cognitive process, mental process, operation basic cognitive process cognitive processes involved in obtaining and storing knowledge higher cognitive processcognitive processes that presuppose the availability of knowledge and put it to use attending, attentionthe process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others inattentionlack of attention intuitioninstinctive knowing (without the use of rational processes) perceptionthe process of perceiving apperceptionthe process whereby perceived qualities of an object are related to past experience believingthe cognitive process that leads to convictions categorisation, categorization, classification, sortingthe basic cognitive process of arranging into classes or categories discrimination, secernmentthe cognitive process whereby two or more stimuli are distinguished acquisition, learningthe cognitive process of acquiring skill or knowledge memory, rememberingthe cognitive processes whereby past experience is remembered representational processany basic cognitive process in which some entity comes to stand for or represent something else searchthe examination of alternative hypotheses cerebration, intellection, mentation, thinking, thought, thought processthe process of using your mind to consider something carefully suggestionthe sequential mental process in which one thought leads to another by association deciding, decision makingthe cognitive process of reaching a decision knowinga clear and certain mental apprehension language, linguistic processthe cognitive processes involved in producing and understanding linguistic communication cognition, knowledge, noesis the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning 4n a mental process that you are not directly aware of the process of denial Syn|Hypo|Hyper unconscious process sleep talking, somniloquism, somniloquy uttering speech while asleep condensation(psychoanalysis) an unconscious process whereby two ideas or images combine into a single symbol; especially in dreams defence, defence mechanism, defence reaction, defense, defense mechanism, defense reaction(psychiatry) an unconscious process that tries to reduce the anxiety associated with instinctive desires compensation(psychiatry) a defense mechanism that conceals your undesirable shortcomings by exaggerating desirable behaviors conversion(psychiatry) a defense mechanism represses emotional conflicts which are then converted into physical symptoms that have no organic basis denial(psychiatry) a defense mechanism that denies painful thoughts displacement(psychiatry) a defense mechanism that transfers affect or reaction from the original object to some more acceptable one idealisation, idealization(psychiatry) a defense mechanism that splits something you are ambivalent about into two representations--one good and one bad intellectualisation, intellectualization(psychiatry) a defense mechanism that uses reasoning to block out emotional stress and conflict isolation(psychiatry) a defense mechanism in which memory of an unacceptable act or impulse is separated from the emotion originally associated with it projection(psychiatry) a defense mechanism by which your own traits and emotions are attributed to someone else rationalisation, rationalization(psychiatry) a defense mechanism by which your true motivation is concealed by explaining your actions and feelings in a way that is not threatening reaction formation(psychiatry) a defense mechanism in which a person unconsciously develops attitudes and behavior that are the opposite of unacceptable repressed desires and impulses and serve to conceal them regression(psychiatry) a defense mechanism in which you flee from reality by assuming a more infantile state repression(psychiatry) the classical defense mechanism that protects you from impulses or ideas that would cause anxiety by preventing them from becoming conscious cognition, knowledge, noesis the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning 5v shape, form, or improve a material process iron Syn|Hypo|Hyper work, work on forge, form, mold, mould, shape, work make something, usually for a specific function hot-work roll, press, forge, or shape (metal) while hot cold work, coldworkshape (metal) without heat overworkuse too much make over, retread, reworkuse again in altered form rackwork on a rack toolwork with a tool tillwork land as by ploughing, harrowing, and manuring, in order to make it ready for cultivation plough, plow, turnto break and turn over earth especially with a plow hoedig with a hoe transform, transmute, transubstantiate change or alter in form, appearance, or nature 6v subject to a process or treatment, with the aim of readying for some purpose, improving, or remedying a condition process cheese process hair Syn|Hypo|Hyper treat propagate cause to propagate, as by grafting or layering iodise, iodizetreat with iodine nitratetreat with nitric acid, so as to change an organic compound into a nitrate tanktreat in a tank aerate, oxygenate, oxygenise, oxygenizeimpregnate, combine, or supply with oxygen mercerise, mercerizetreat to strengthen and improve the luster malttreat with malt or malt extract fluoridate, fluoridise, fluoridizesubject to fluoridation; treat with fluoride creosotetreat with creosote chlorinatetreat or combine with chlorine carbonatetreat with carbon dioxide camphoratetreat with camphor bromate, brominatetreat with bromine ammoniatetreat with ammonia irradiate, rayexpose to radiation scaldtreat with boiling water refinetreat or prepare so as to put in a usable condition nitrify, nitrogenise, nitrogenizetreat with nitrogen or a nitrogen compound reverberatetreat, process, heat, melt, or refine in a reverberatory furnace currytreat by incorporating fat seedsprinkle with silver iodide particles to disperse and cause rain dosetreat with an agent; add (an agent) to sulfur, sulphurtreat with sulphur in order to preserve vulcanise, vulcanizesubject to vulcanization chrometreat with a chromium compound bituminise, bituminizetreat with bitumen Agenise, Agenizeage or bleach flour with Agene (nitrogen trichloride) runcause to perform carboxylatetreat (a chemical compound) with carboxyl or carboxylic acid beneficiateprocess (ores or other raw materials), as by reduction digestconvert food into absorbable substances fume, fumigatetreat with fumes, expose to fumes, especially with the aim of disinfecting or eradicating pests air-conditioncontrol the humidity and temperature of inoculateinsert a bud for propagation bombarddirect high energy particles or radiation against reruncause to perform again stomachbear to eat predigestdigest (food) beforehand affect, bear on, bear upon, impact, touch, touch on have an effect upon 7v deal with in a routine way process a loan process the applicants Hyper care, deal, handle, manage be in charge of, act on, or dispose of 8v perform mathematical and logical operations on (data) according to programmed instructions in order to obtain the required information 2The results of the elections were still being processed when he gave his acceptance speech Hyper calculate, cipher, compute, cypher, figure, reckon, work out make a mathematical calculation or computation 1n a writ issued by authority of law; usually compels the defendant's attendance in a civil suit; failure to appear results in a default judgment against the defendant Syn|Hypo|Hyper summons citation a summons that commands the appearance of a party at a proceeding monition, process of monitiona summons issued after the filing of a libel or claim directing all parties concerned to show cause why the judgment asked for should not be granted ticketa summons issued to an offender (especially to someone who violates a traffic regulation) speeding ticketa ticket issued for driving above the speed limit parking ticketa ticket issued for parking in a restricted place judicial writ, writ (law) a legal document issued by a court or judicial officer 2v deliver a warrant or summons to someone He was processed by the sheriff Syn|Hypo|Hyper serve, swear out subpoena serve or summon with a subpoena rinse, washclean with some chemical process elutewash out with a solvent, as in chromatography deliver bring to a destination, make a delivery 3v institute legal proceedings against; file a suit against 3He was warned that the district attorney would process him Syn|Hypo|Hyper action, litigate, sue litigate engage in legal proceedings expedite process fast and efficiently challenge issue a challenge to n a natural prolongation or projection from a part of an organism either animal or plant 4a bony process Syn|Hypo|Hyper appendage, outgrowth horn one of the bony outgrowths on the heads of certain ungulates hornany hard protuberance from the head of an organism that is similar to or suggestive of a horn cresta showy growth of e.g. feathers or skin on the head of a bird or other animal pseudopod, pseudopodiumtemporary outgrowth used by some microorganisms as an organ of feeding or locomotion flagelluma lash-like appendage used for locomotion (e.g., in sperm cells and some bacteria and protozoa) haira filamentous projection or process on an organism cirrusa slender flexible animal appendage as on barnacles or crinoids or many insects; often tactile spinea sharp rigid animal process or appendage; as a porcupine quill or a ridge on a bone or a ray of a fish fin aculeasmall spiny outgrowth on the wings of certain insects stylea slender bristlelike or tubular process villusa minute hairlike projection on mucous membrane tailthe posterior part of the body of a vertebrate especially when elongated and extending beyond the trunk or main part of the body fetlockprojection behind and above a horse's hoof tentacleany of various elongated tactile or prehensile flexible organs that occur on the head or near the mouth in many animals; used for feeling or grasping or locomotion aristabristlelike process near the tip of the antenna of certain flies acromial process, acromionthe outermost point of the spine of the shoulder blade alaa flat wing-shaped process or winglike part of an organism alveolar archthe part of the upper or lower jawbones in which the teeth are set alveolar process, alveolar ridge, gum ridgea ridge that forms the borders of the upper and lower jaws and contains the sockets of the teeth acrosomea process at the anterior end of a sperm cell that produces enzymes to facilitate penetration of the egg caruncle, carunculaan outgrowth on a plant or animal such as a fowl's wattle or a protuberance near the hilum of certain seeds condylea round bump on a bone where it forms a joint with another bone coronoid process, processus coronoideusa sharp triangular process projecting from a bone epicondylea projection on a bone above a condyle serving for the attachment of muscles and ligaments fimbriathin projections forming a fringe (especially around the ovarian end of the Fallopian tube) apophysis(anatomy) a natural outgrowth or projection on an organ or body part such as the process of a vertebra spicule, spiculumsmall pointed structure serving as a skeletal element in various marine and freshwater invertebrates e.g. sponges and corals osteophytesmall abnormal bony outgrowth papillaa small projection of tissue at the base of a hair or tooth or feather papillaa small nipple-shaped protuberance concerned with taste, touch, or smell appendix, cecal appendage, vermiform appendix, vermiform processa vestigial process that extends from the lower end of the cecum and that resembles a small pouch mastoid, mastoid bone, mastoid process, mastoidalprocess of the temporal bone behind the ear at the base of the skull styloid processextends from the base of the temporal bone pterygoid processtwo bony processes descending from the body of the sphenoid bone eminence, tubercle, tuberositya protuberance on a bone especially for attachment of a muscle or ligament zygomatic processa slender process of the temporal bone that strengthens the zygomatic arch trochanterone of the bony prominences developed near the upper extremity of the femur to which muscles are attached transverse processone of two processes that extend from each vertebra and provide the point of articulation for the ribs odontoid processa toothlike process at the back of 2nd vertebra of the neck metaphysisthe growing part of a long bone between the diaphysis and the epiphysis olecranon, olecranon processprocess of the ulna that forms the outer bump of the elbow and fits into the fossa of the humerus when the arm is extended ridgeany long raised border or margin of a bone or tooth or membrane excrescence(pathology) an abnormal outgrowth or enlargement of some part of the body papilla(botany) a tiny outgrowth on the surface of a petal or leaf enation, plant processa natural projection or outgrowth from a plant body or organ antlerdeciduous horn of a member of the deer family tufta bunch of feathers or hair topknotshowy crest or knot of hair or feathers chorionic villusone of the tiny villi that stick out of the fetal chorion and combine with the mother's uterine tissue to form the placenta rattleloosely connected horny sections at the end of a rattlesnake's tail cockscomb, comb, coxcombthe fleshy red crest on the head of the domestic fowl and other gallinaceous birds rayany of the stiff bony spines in the fin of a fish quilla stiff hollow protective spine on a porcupine or hedgehog styletsmall needlelike appendage; especially the feeding organ of a tardigrade bristlea stiff hair sensory hair, vibrissa, whiskera long stiff hair growing from the snout or brow of most mammals as e.g. a cat setaa stiff hair or bristle pilushairlike structure especially on the surface of a cell or microorganism brusha bushy tail or part of a bushy tail (especially of the fox) bob, bobtail, docka short or shortened tail of certain animals caudal appendagetail especially of a mammal posterior to and above the anus uropygiumposterior part of a bird's body from which the tail feathers grow oxtailthe skinned tail of cattle; used especially for soups flukeeither of the two lobes of the tail of a cetacean scuta short erect tail flaga conspicuously marked or shaped tail antenna, feelerone of a pair of mobile appendages on the head of e.g. insects and crustaceans; typically sensitive to touch and taste barbel, feelerslender tactile process on the jaws of a fish deltoid eminence, deltoid tuberositya bump on the outside of the humerus where the deltoid muscle attaches lappet, wattlea fleshy wrinkled and often brightly colored fold of skin hanging from the neck or throat of certain birds (chickens and turkeys) or lizards condylar process, condyloid process, mandibular condylethe condyle of the ramus of the mandible that articulates with the skull coronoid process of the mandiblethe coronoid process that provides an attachment for the temporal muscle lateral condylea condyle on the outer side of the lower extremity of the femur medial condylea condyle on the inner side of the lower extremity of the femur lateral epicondyleepicondyle near the lateral condyle of the femur superciliary arch, superciliary ridge, supraorbital ridge, supraorbital torusa ridge on the frontal bone above the eye socket vegetationan abnormal growth or excrescence (especially a warty excrescence on the valves of the heart) podetiuman organ or body resembling a stalk; especially the outgrowth of the thallus of certain lichens on which the ascocarp is borne peristome(botany) fringe of toothlike appendages surrounding the mouth of a moss capsule haustoriuma root-like attachment in parasitic plants that penetrates and obtains food from the host apophysis(botany) a natural swelling or enlargement: at the base of the stalk or seta in certain mosses or on the cone scale of certain conifers callus(botany) an isolated thickening of tissue, especially a stiff protuberance on the lip of an orchid blister(botany) a swelling on a plant similar to that on the skin nodule, tuberclesmall rounded wartlike protuberance on a plant spurtubular extension at the base of the corolla in some flowers aculeusa stiff sharp-pointed plant process acumena tapering point fuzz, hair, tomentumfilamentous hairlike growth on a plant leaf node, node(botany) the small swelling that is the part of a plant stem from which one or more leaves emerge burla large rounded outgrowth on the trunk or branch of a tree body part any part of an organism such as an organ or extremity v march in a procession They processed into the dining room Syn|Hypo|Hyper march file proceed in line parade, promenade, troopmarch in a procession goose stepmarch in a military fashion countermarchmarch back along the same way debouch, march outmarch out (as from a defile) into open ground walk use one's feet to advance; advance by steps |
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英语词典包含147318条英英释义在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。