| 单词 | professional |
| 释义 | professional (once / 154 pages) adjn When an athlete "goes pro," she goes professional–-she is paid for her service rather than doing it on an amateur basis. Other professionals, including doctors and lawyers, are also paid for their work, which, we hope, they conduct in a professional manner. In the 15th century, the word profession referred to vows taken upon entering a religious order. A monk or priest professed his faith. Now, the word suggests competence and expertise and even dignity––"He can't ask me to go out for coffee. I'm a vice president. That just wouldn't be professional!" WORD FAMILYprofessional: nonprofessional, professionalise, professionalism, professionalize, professionally, professionals, semiprofessional, unprofessional+/profess: professed, professes, professing, profession/professed: professedly/profession: professional, professions/professionalise: professionalisation, professionalised/professionalism: professionalisms/professionalize: professionalization, professionalized, professionalizes, professionalizing/semiprofessional: semiprofessionals/unprofessional: unprofessionally USAGE EXAMPLESYoung professionals ages 21-39 who join the BRAVO! club and students under 18 save 50 percent on tickets. Seattle Times(Jan 03, 2017) And otherwise credible professionals like the lawyer David Boies remain on the company’s board. New York Times(Jan 02, 2017) Demand for urban properties jumped after the housing bust as young, high-earning professionals eschewed homeownership and flocked to big cities. Wall Street Journal(Jan 02, 2017) 1adj of or relating to or suitable as a profession professional organizations a professional field such as law 2adj of or relating to a profession we need professional advice professional training professional equipment for his new office 3adj characteristic of or befitting a profession or one engaged in a profession professional conduct professional ethics a thoroughly professional performance Ant unprofessional not characteristic of or befitting a profession or one engaged in a profession amateur, amateurish, inexpert, unskilledlacking professional skill or expertise 4adj engaged in by members of a profession professional occupations include medicine and the law and teaching Syn white-collar of or designating salaried professional or clerical work or workers 5adj engaged in a profession or engaging in as a profession or means of livelihood the professional man or woman possesses distinctive qualifications began her professional career after the Olympics professional theater professional football a professional cook professional actors and athletes Syn|Ant nonrecreational, paid involving gainful employment in something often done as a hobby professedprofessing to be qualified nonprofessional not professional; not engaged in a profession or engaging in as a profession or for gain amateur, recreational, unpaidengaged in as a pastime laynot of or from a profession 6n a person engaged in one of the learned professions Syn|Exp|Hypo|Hyper professional person Matthew Arnold English poet and literary critic (1822-1888) Abul-Walid Mohammed ibn-Ahmad Ibn-Mohammed ibn-RoshdArabian philosopher born in Spain; wrote detailed commentaries on Aristotle that were admired by the Schoolmen (1126-1198) Abu Ali al-Husain ibn Abdallah ibn SinaArabian physician and influential Islamic philosopher; his interpretation of Aristotle influenced St. Thomas Aquinas; writings on medicine were important for almost 500 years (980-1037) Karl BaedekerGerman publisher of a series of travel guidebooks (1801-1859) Robert BaranyAustrian physician who developed a rotational method for testing the middle ear (1876-1936) Caspar BartholinDanish physician who discovered Bartholin's gland (1585-1629) John BartlettUnited States publisher and editor who compiled a book of familiar quotations (1820-1905) Mary McLeod BethuneUnited States educator who worked to improve race relations and educational opportunities for Black Americans (1875-1955) Apostle of Germany(Roman Catholic Church) Anglo-Saxon missionary who was sent to Frisia and Germany to spread the Christian faith; was martyred in Frisia (680-754) Louis BrailleFrench educator who lost his sight at the age of three and who invented a system of writing and printing for sightless people (1809-1852) Van Wyck BrooksUnited States literary critic and historian (1886-1963) Sir David BruceAustralian physician and bacteriologist who described the bacterium that causes undulant fever or brucellosis (1855-1931) Boy Orator of the PlatteUnited States lawyer and politician who advocated free silver and prosecuted John Scopes (1925) for teaching evolution in a Tennessee high school (1860-1925) Dale CarnegieUnited States educator famous for writing a book about how to win friends and influence people (1888-1955) Edith Louisa CavellEnglish nurse who remained in Brussels after the German occupation in order to help Allied prisoners escape; was caught and executed by the Germans (1865-1915) John Anthony CiardiUnited States poet and critic (1916-1986) John Amos ComeniusCzech educational reformer (1592-1670) Burrill Bernard CrohnUnited States physician who specialized in diseases of the intestines; he was the first to describe regional ileitis which is now known as Crohn's disease (1884-1983) Clarence Seward DarrowUnited States lawyer famous for his defense of lost causes (1857-1938) Jacques DerridaFrench philosopher and critic (born in Algeria); exponent of deconstructionism (1930-2004) John DeweyUnited States pragmatic philosopher who advocated progressive education (1859-1952) Melville Louis Kossuth DeweyUnited States librarian who founded the decimal system of classification (1851-1931) John L. H. DownEnglish physician who first described Down's syndrome (1828-1896) Christiaan EijkmanDutch physician who discovered that beriberi is caused by a nutritional deficiency (1858-1930) Etienne-Louis Arthur FallotFrench physician who described cardiac anomalies including Fallot's tetralogy (1850-1911) Friedrich Wilhelm August FroebelGerman educator who founded the kindergarten system (1782-1852) Roger Eliot FryEnglish painter and art critic (1866-1934) Herman Northrop FryeCanadian literary critic interested in the use of myth and symbolism (1912-1991) Thomas Hopkins GallaudetUnited States educator who established the first free school in the United States for the hearing impaired (1787-1851) William GilbertEnglish court physician noted for his studies of terrestrial magnetism (1540-1603) Harley Granville-BarkerEnglish actor and dramatist and critic and director noted for his productions of Shakespearean plays (1877-1946) William HarveyEnglish physician and scientist who described the circulation of the blood; he later proposed that all animals originate from an ovum produced by the female of the species (1578-1657) Arthur Garfield HaysUnited States lawyer involved in several famous court trials (1881-1954) William Harrison HaysUnited States lawyer and politician who formulated a production code that prescribed the moral content of United States films from 1930 to 1966 (1879-1954) William HazlittEnglish essayist and literary critic (1778-1830) Hippocratesmedical practitioner who is regarded as the father of medicine; author of the Hippocratic oath (circa 460-377 BC) Thomas HodgkinEnglish physician who first described Hodgkin's disease (1798-1866) John Edgar HooverUnited States lawyer who was director of the FBI for 48 years (1895-1972) Mark HopkinsUnited States educator and theologian (1802-1887) Henry Oscar HoughtonUnited States publisher who founded a printing shop that became an important book publisher (1823-1895) George HuntingtonUnited States physician who first described Huntington's chorea Robert Maynard HutchinsUnited States educator who was president of the University of Chicago (1899-1977) Aletta JacobsDutch physician who opened the first birth control clinic in the world in Amsterdam (1854-1929) Edward JennerEnglish physician who pioneered vaccination; Jenner inoculated people with small amounts of cowpox to prevent them from getting smallpox (1749-1823) Francis Scott KeyUnited States lawyer and poet who wrote a poem after witnessing the British attack on Baltimore during the War of 1812; the poem was later set to music and entitled `The Star-Spangled Banner' (1779-1843) Harry Fitch KleinfelterUnited States physician who first described the XXY-syndrome (born in 1912) Lucy Craft LaneyUnited States educator who founded the first private school for Black students in Augusta, Georgia (1854-1933) President Abraham Lincoln16th President of the United States; saved the Union during the American Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth (1809-1865) David LivingstoneScottish missionary and explorer who discovered the Zambezi River and Victoria Falls (1813-1873) Otto LoewiUnited States pharmacologist (born in Germany) who was the first to show that acetylcholine is produced at the junction between a parasympathetic nerve and a muscle (1873-1961) Abbott Lawrence LowellUnited States educator and president of Harvard University (1856-1943) Clemence Sophia Harned LozierUnited States physician who in 1863 founded a medical school for women (1813-1888) Henry Robinson LuceUnited States publisher of magazines (1898-1967) Horace MannUnited States educator who introduced reforms that significantly altered the system of public education (1796-1859) Sir Patrick MansonScottish physician who discovered that elephantiasis is spread by mosquitos and suggested that mosquitos also spread malaria (1844-1922) William Holmes McGuffeyUnited States educator who compiled the McGuffey Eclectic Readers (1800-1873) Henry Louis MenckenUnited States journalist and literary critic (1880-1956) Friedrich Anton MesmerAustrian physician who tried to treat diseases with a form of hypnotism (1734-1815) Maria MontesorriItalian educator who developed a method of teaching mentally handicapped children and advocated a child-centered approach (1870-1952) Daniel Patrick MoynihanUnited States politician and educator (1927-2003) Keith Rupert MurdochUnited States publisher (born in Australia in 1931) James NaismithUnited States educator (born in Canada) who invented the game of basketball (1861-1939) Florence NightingaleEnglish nurse remembered for her work during the Crimean War (1820-1910) Adolph Simon OchsUnited States newspaper publisher (1858-1935) Carl OrffGerman musician who developed a widely used system for teaching music to children (1895-1982) Theophrastus Philippus Aureolus Bombastus von HohenheimSwiss physician who introduced treatments of particular illnesses based on his observation and experience; he saw illness as having an external cause (rather than an imbalance of humors) and replaced traditional remedies with chemical remedies (1493-1541) Elizabeth Palmer Peabodyeducator who founded the first kindergarten in the United States (1804-1894) Sir Isaac PitmanEnglish educator who invented a system of phonetic shorthand (1813-1897) Ivor Armstrong RichardsEnglish literary critic who collaborated with C. K. Ogden and contributed to the development of Basic English (1893-1979) Peter Mark RogetEnglish physician who in retirement compiled a well-known thesaurus (1779-1869) Sir Ronald RossBritish physician who discovered that mosquitos transmit malaria (1857-1932) Benjamin Rushphysician and American Revolutionary leader; signer of the Declaration of Independence (1745-1813) John RuskinBritish art critic (1819-1900) Margaret Higgins SangerUnited States nurse who campaigned for birth control and planned parenthood; she challenged Gregory Pincus to develop a birth control pill (1883-1966) Albert SchweitzerFrench philosopher and physician and organist who spent most of his life as a medical missionary in Gabon (1875-1965) John Thomas ScopesTennessee highschool teacher who violated a state law by teaching evolution; in a highly publicized trial in 1925 he was prosecuted by William Jennings Bryan and defended by Clarence Darrow (1900-1970) Anna Howard ShawUnited States physician and suffragist (1847-1919) Sir James Young SimpsonScottish obstetrician and surgeon who pioneered in the use of ether and discovered the anesthetic effects of chloroform (1811-1870) Sir Stephen Harold SpenderEnglish poet and critic (1909-1995) Anne Mansfield SullivanUnited States educator who was the teacher and lifelong companion of Helen Keller (1866-1936) English HippocratesEnglish physician (1624-1689) John Orley Allen TateUnited States poet and critic (1899-1979) Joseph Deems TaylorUnited States composer and music critic (1885-1966) Lionel TrillingUnited States literary critic (1905-1975) Carl Clinton Van DorenUnited States writer and literary critic (1885-1950) Booker Taliaferro WashingtonUnited States educator who was born a slave but became educated and founded a college at Tuskegee in Alabama (1856-1915) Andrew Dickson WhiteUnited States educator who in 1865 (with Ezra Cornell) founded Cornell University and served as its first president (1832-1918) Marcus WhitmanUnited States frontier missionary who established a post in Oregon where Christianity and schooling and medicine were available to Native Americans (1802-1847) Emma Hart WillardUnited States educator who was an early campaigner for higher education for women (1787-1870) Erik Adolf von WillebrandFinnish physician who first described vascular hemophilia (1870-1949) Edmund WilsonUnited States literary critic (1895-1972) John WitherspoonAmerican Revolutionary leader and educator (born in Scotland) who signed of the Declaration of Independence and was president of the college that became Princeton University (1723-1794) Alexander WoollcottUnited States drama critic and journalist (1887-1943) Saint Francis XavierSpanish missionary and Jesuit who establish missionaries in Japan and Ceylon and the East Indies (1506-1552) William BeaumontUnited States surgeon remembered for his studies of digestion (1785-1853) Alexis CarrelFrench surgeon and biologist who developed a way to suture and graft blood vessels (1873-1944) William CowperEnglish surgeon who discovered Cowper's gland (1666-1709) Michael Ellis De BakeyUnited States heart surgeon who in 1966 implanted the first artificial heart in a human patient (born in 1908) William Crawford GorgasUnited States Army surgeon who suppressed yellow fever in Havana and in the Panama Canal Zone (1854-1920) Joseph ListerEnglish surgeon who was the first to use antiseptics (1827-1912) James ParkinsonEnglish surgeon (1755-1824) Walter ReedUnited States physician who proved that yellow fever is transmitted by mosquitoes (1851-1902) Jean Martin CharcotFrench neurologist who tried to use hypnotism to cure hysteria (1825-1893) Harvery Williams CushingUnited States neurologist noted for his study of the brain and pituitary gland and who identified Cushing's syndrome (1869-1939) Sir Howard Walter FloreyBritish pathologist who isolated and purified penicillin, which had been discovered in 1928 by Sir Alexander Fleming (1898-1968) Sigmund FreudAustrian neurologist who originated psychoanalysis (1856-1939) Harold HirschsprungDanish pediatrician (1830-1916) Karen Danielsen HorneyUnited States psychiatrist (1885-1952) Karl Theodor JaspersGerman psychiatrist (1883-1969) Baron Richard von Krafft-EbingGerman neurologist noted for his studies of sexual deviance (1840-1902) Karl LandsteinerUnited States pathologist (born in Austria) who discovered human blood groups (1868-1943) Prosper MeniereFrench otologist who first described a form of vertigo now known as Meniere's disease and identified the semicircular canals as the site of the lesion (1799-1862) Charles Frederick MenningerUnited States psychiatrist who with his sons founded a famous psychiatric clinic in Topeka (1862-1953) Karl Augustus MenningerUnited States psychiatrist and son of Charles Menninger (1893-1990) William Claire MenningerUnited States psychiatrist and son of Charles Menninger (1899-1966) Sir James PagetEnglish pathologist who discovered the cause of trichinosis (1814-1899) John RockUnited States gynecologist and devout Catholic who conducted the first clinical trials of the oral contraceptive pill (1890-1984) Francis Peyton RousUnited States pathologist who discovered viruses that cause tumors (1879-1970) Hermann SnellenDutch ophthalmologist who introduced the Snellen chart to study visual acuity (1834-1908) Benjamin SpockUnited States pediatrician whose many books on child care influenced the upbringing of children around the world (1903-1998) Harry Stack SullivanUnited States psychiatrist (1892-1949) Georges Gilles de la TouretteFrench neurologist (1857-1904) Henry Hubert TurnerUnited States endocrinologist (1892-1970) Rudolf Karl VirchowGerman pathologist who recognized that all cells come from cells by binary fission and who emphasized cellular abnormalities in disease (1821-1902) Karl WernickeGerman neurologist best known for his studies of aphasia (1848-1905) Thomas WillisEnglish physician who was a pioneer in the study of the brain (1621-1675) Melanie KleinUnited States psychoanalyst (born in Austria) who was the first to specialize in the psychoanalysis of small children (1882-1960) Wilhelm ReichAustrian born psychoanalyst who lived in the United States; advocated sexual freedom and believed that cosmic energy could be concentrated in a human being (1897-1957) careerist a professional who is intent on furthering his or her career by any possible means and often at the expense of their own integrity craftsmana professional whose work is consistently of high quality critica person who is professionally engaged in the analysis and interpretation of works of art educator, pedagog, pedagoguesomeone who educates young people PCP, caregiver, health care provider, health professional, primary care providera person who helps in identifying or preventing or treating illness or disability attorney, lawyera professional person authorized to practice law; conducts lawsuits or gives legal advice bibliothec, librariana professional person trained in library science and engaged in library services practician, practitionersomeone who practices a learned profession publishera person engaged in publishing periodicals or books or music yuppiea young upwardly mobile professional individual; a well-paid middle-class professional who works in a city and has a luxurious life style academic, academician, faculty memberan educator who works at a college or university advocate, counsel, counsellor, counselor, counselor-at-law, pleadera lawyer who pleads cases in court ambulance chaseran unethical lawyer who incites accident victims to sue art critica critic of paintings barristera British or Canadian lawyer who speaks in the higher courts of law on behalf of either the defense or prosecution bonesettersomeone (not necessarily a licensed physician) who sets broken bones career girla woman who is a careerist career mana man who is a careerist cataloger, cataloguera librarian who classifies publication according to a categorial system cliniciana practitioner (of medicine or psychology) who does clinical work instead of laboratory experiments conveyancera lawyer who specializes in the business of conveying properties defense attorney, defense lawyerthe lawyer representing the defendant divorce lawyera lawyer specializing in actions for divorce or annulment drama critic, theater critica critic of theatrical performances electrologistsomeone skilled in the use of electricity to remove moles or warts or hair roots Gongorista practitioner of the affected elegant style of the Spanish poet Gongora homeopath, homoeopatha practitioner of homeopathy lector, lecturer, readera public lecturer at certain universities literary critica critic of literature medical assistanta person trained to assist medical professionals medical man, medical practitionersomeone who practices medicine music critica critic of musical performances newspaper critica critic who writes a column for the newspapers nurseone skilled in caring for young children or the sick (usually under the supervision of a physician) apothecary, chemist, druggist, pharmacist, pill pusher, pill rollera health professional trained in the art of preparing and dispensing drugs head, head teacher, principal, school principalthe educator who has executive authority for a school prosecuting attorney, prosecuting officer, prosecutor, public prosecutora government official who conducts criminal prosecutions on behalf of the state public defendera lawyer who represents indigent defendants at public expense refereean attorney appointed by a court to investigate and report on a case schoolmasterany person (or institution) who acts as an educator solicitora British lawyer who gives legal advice and prepares legal documents instructor, teachera person whose occupation is teaching trial attorney, trial lawyera lawyer who specializes in defending clients before a court of law adult, grownup a fully developed person from maturity onward 7n an authority qualified to teach apprentices Syn|Hypo|Hyper master past master someone who was formerly a master authority an expert whose views are taken as definitive 8n an athlete who plays for pay Syn|Ant|Hypo|Hyper pro amateur an athlete who does not play for pay free agent (sports) a professional athlete who is free to sign a contract to play for any team semipro, semiprofessionalan athlete who plays for pay on a part-time basis athlete, jock a person trained to compete in sports |
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英语词典包含147318条英英释义在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。