| 单词 | fundamental quantity |
| 释义 | fundamental quantity (once / 1688473 pages) n WORD FAMILY fundamental quantity USAGE EXAMPLES"This is a fundamental quantity that has been pursued for more than 100 years," Lean says. Nature(Jan 26, 2011) n one of the four quantities that are the basis of systems of measurement Syn|Exp|Hypo|Hyper fundamental measure Age of Reason a movement in Europe from about 1650 until 1800 that advocated the use of reason and individualism instead of tradition and established doctrine Elizabethan agea period in British history during the reign of Elizabeth I in the 16th century; an age marked by literary achievement and domestic prosperity Victorian agea period in British history during the reign of Queen Victoria in the 19th century; her character and moral standards restored the prestige of the British monarchy but gave the era a prudish reputation Bronze Age(archeology) a period between the Stone and Iron Ages, characterized by the manufacture and use of bronze tools and weapons Iron Age(archeology) the period following the Bronze Age; characterized by rapid spread of iron tools and weapons Stone Age(archeology) the earliest known period of human culture, characterized by the use of stone implements Eolithic Agethe earliest part of the Stone Age marked by the earliest signs of human culture Paleolithic Agesecond part of the Stone Age beginning about 750,00 to 500,000 years BC and lasting until the end of the last ice age about 8,500 years BC Lower Paleolithicthe oldest part of the Paleolithic Age with the emergence of the hand ax; ended about 120,000 years ago Middle Paleolithicthe time period of Neanderthal man; ended about 35,000 years BC Upper Paleolithicthe time period during which only modern Homo sapiens was known to have existed; ended about 10,000 years BC Epipaleolithicmiddle part of the Stone Age beginning about 15,000 years ago Neolithic Agelatest part of the Stone Age beginning about 10,000 BC in the Middle East (but later elsewhere) Caliphatethe era of Islam's ascendancy from the death of Mohammed until the 13th century; some Moslems still maintain that the Moslem world must always have a calif as head of the community Christian erathe time period beginning with the supposed year of Christ's birth Baroque periodthe historic period from about 1600 until 1750 when the baroque style of art, architecture, and music flourished in Europe Middle Agesthe period of history between classical antiquity and the Italian Renaissance Renaissancethe period of European history at the close of the Middle Ages and the rise of the modern world; a cultural rebirth from the 14th through the middle of the 17th centuries Italian Renaissancethe early period when Italy was the center of the Renaissance technological revolutionthe transformation from an agricultural to an industrial nation Reign of Terrorthe historic period (1793-94) during the French Revolution when thousands were executed Harlem Renaissancea period in the 1920s when African-American achievements in art and music and literature flourished New Dealthe historic period (1933-1940) in the United States during which President Franklin Roosevelt's economic policies were implemented Reconstruction Periodthe period after the American Civil War when the southern states were reorganized and reintegrated into the Union; 1865-1877 Restorationthe reign of Charles II in England; 1660-1685 Great Depressiona period during the 1930s when there was a worldwide economic depression and mass unemployment Regencythe period from 1811-1820 when the Prince of Wales was regent during George III's periods of insanity Great Schismthe period from 1378 to 1417 during which there were two papacies in the Roman Catholic Church, one in Rome and one in Avignon 8 May 1945the date of Allied victory in Europe, World War II 15 August 1945the date of Allied victory over Japan, World War II temperature the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment (corresponding to its molecular activity) massthe property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field lengththe linear extent in space from one end to the other; the longest dimension of something that is fixed in place period, period of time, time periodan amount of time absolute temperaturetemperature measured on the absolute scale absolute zero(cryogenics) the lowest temperature theoretically attainable (at which the kinetic energy of atoms and molecules is minimal); 0 Kelvin or -273.15 centigrade or -459.67 Fahrenheit Curie point, Curie temperaturethe temperature above which a ferromagnetic substance loses its ferromagnetism and becomes paramagnetic dew pointthe temperature at which the water vapor in the air becomes saturated and condensation begins flash point, flashpointthe lowest temperature at which the vapor of a combustible liquid can be ignited in air freezing point, melting pointthe temperature below which a liquid turns into a solid boil, boiling pointthe temperature at which a liquid boils at sea level mercurytemperature measured by a mercury thermometer room temperaturethe normal temperature of room in which people live simmertemperature just below the boiling point blood heat, body temperaturetemperature of the body; normally 98.6 F or 37 C in humans; usually measured to obtain a quick evaluation of a person's health cold, coldness, frigidity, frigidness, low temperaturethe absence of heat heat, high temperature, hotnessthe presence of heat bodythe main mass of a thing biomassthe total mass of living matter in a given unit area critical massthe minimum mass of fissionable material that can sustain a chain reaction rest mass(physics) the mass of a body as measured when the body is at rest relative to an observer, an inherent property of the body relativistic mass(physics) the mass of a body in motion relative to the observer: it is equal to the rest mass multiplied by a factor that is greater than 1 and that increases as the magnitude of the velocity increases bulkthe property possessed by a large mass gravitational mass(physics) the mass of a body as measured by its gravitational attraction for other bodies inertial mass(physics) the mass of a body as determined by the second law of motion from the acceleration of the body when it is subjected to a force that is not due to gravity atomic mass, atomic weight, relative atomic mass(chemistry) the mass of an atom of a chemical element expressed in atomic mass units mass energy(physics) the mass of a body regarded relativistically as energy molecular weight, relative molecular mass(chemistry) the sum of the relative atomic masses of the constituent atoms of a molecule circumferencethe length of the closed curve of a circle diam, diameterthe length of a straight line passing through the center of a circle and connecting two points on the circumference r, radiusthe length of a line segment between the center and circumference of a circle or sphere longnessthe property of being of long spatial extent shortnessthe property of being of short spatial extent mass defect, mass deficiencythe amount by which the mass of an atomic nucleus is less than the sum of the masses of its constituent particles test period, trial perioda period of time during which someone or something is tested time framea time period during which something occurs or is expected to occur hoursan indefinite period of time downtimea period of time when something (as a machine or factory) is not operating (especially as a result of malfunctions) uptimea period of time when something (as a machine or factory) is functioning and available for use work timea time period when you are required to work time offa time period when you are not required to work bouta period of illness hospitalizationa period of time when you are confined to a hospital travel timea period of time spent traveling timesa more or less definite period of time now or previously present timean indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities) elapsed timethe time that elapses while some event is occurring continuance, durationthe period of time during which something continues calendar week, weeka period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday midweekthe middle of a week field daya time of unusual pleasure and success life, life-time, lifespan, lifetimethe period during which something is functional (as between birth and death) lifethe period between birth and the present time lifethe period from the present until death millenary, millenniuma span of 1000 years bimillenary, bimillenniuma span of 2000 years occupationthe period of time during which a place or position or nation is occupied pasta earlier period in someone's life (especially one that they have reason to keep secret) shelf lifethe length of time a packaged food or drug will last without deteriorating puerperiumtime period following childbirth when the mother's uterus shrinks and the other functional and anatomic changes of pregnancy are resolved lactationthe period following birth during which milk is secreted time of lifea period of time during which a person is normally in a particular life state calendar day, civil daya day reckoned from midnight to midnight festivala day or period of time set aside for feasting and celebration day, daylight, daytimethe time after sunrise and before sunset while it is light outside forenoon, morn, morning, morning timethe time period between dawn and noon dark, night, nighttimethe time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside nightthe time between sunset and midnight nightthe period spent sleeping nighta period of ignorance or backwardness or gloom evethe period immediately before something eveningthe early part of night (from dinner until bedtime) spent in a special way hebdomad, weekany period of seven consecutive days fortnight, two weeksa period of fourteen consecutive days weekenda time period usually extending from Friday night through Sunday; more loosely defined as any period of successive days including one and only one Sunday Indian summer, Saint Martin's summera period of unusually warm weather in the autumn yearthe period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun school, school day, schooltimethe period of instruction in a school; the time period when school is in session twelvemonth, year, yra period of time containing 365 (or 366) days yeara period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity semesterhalf a year; a period of 6 months bimestera period of 2 months Olympiadone of the four-year intervals between Olympic Games; used to reckon time in ancient Greece for twelve centuries beginning in 776 BC lustruma period of five years decade, decennary, decenniuma period of 10 years centurya period of 100 years quadrenniuma period of four years quinquenniuma period of five years half-centurya period of 50 years quarter-centurya period of 25 years quartera fourth part of a year; three months phase of the moona time when the Moon presents a particular recurring appearance daythe period of time taken by a particular planet (e.g. Mars) to make a complete rotation on its axis calendar month, monthone of the twelve divisions of the calendar year mid-Januarythe middle part of January mid-Februarythe middle part of February mid-Marchthe middle part of March mid-Aprilthe middle part of April mid-Maythe middle part of May mid-Junethe middle part of June mid-Julythe middle part of July mid-Augustthe middle part of August mid-Septemberthe middle part of September mid-Octoberthe middle part of October mid-Novemberthe middle part of November mid-Decemberthe middle part of December time limita time period within which something must be done or completed terma limited period of time trimestera period of three months; especially one of the three three-month periods into which human pregnancy is divided houra special and memorable period silly seasona time usually late summer characterized by exaggerated news stories about frivolous matters for want of real news Golden Age(classical mythology) the first and best age of the world, a time of ideal happiness, prosperity, and innocence; by extension, any flourishing and outstanding period silver age(classical mythology) the second age of the world, characterized by opulence and irreligion; by extension, a period secondary in achievement to a golden age bronze age(classical mythology) the third age of the world, marked by war and violence iron age(classical mythology) the last and worst age of the world Platonic year, great yeartime required for one complete cycle of the precession of the equinoxes, about 25,800 years regulation time(sports) the normal prescribed duration of a game extra time, overtimeplaying time beyond regulation, to break a tie season, time of yearone of the natural periods into which the year is divided by the equinoxes and solstices or atmospheric conditions canicular days, canicule, dog daysthe hot period between early July and early September; a period of inactivity midwinterthe middle of winter seasona recurrent time marked by major holidays seasona period of the year marked by special events or activities in some field age, long time, yearsa prolonged period of time long haul, long runa period of time sufficient for factors to work themselves out drought, droutha prolonged shortage epoch, eraa period marked by distinctive character or reckoned from a fixed point or event generationthe normal time between successive generations prehistoric culture, prehistorythe time during the development of human culture before the appearance of the written word reigna period during which something or somebody is dominant or powerful runthe continuous period of time during which something (a machine or a factory) operates or continues in operation early days, youthan early period of development dawnan opening time period eveninga later concluding time period timea period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something nap, sleepa period of time spent sleeping lease, term of a contractthe period of time during which a contract conveying property to a person is in effect half life, half-lifethe time required for something to fall to half its initial value (in particular, the time for half the atoms in a radioactive substance to disintegrate) lunar time period, tidethere are usually two high and two low tides each day phase, stageany distinct time period in a sequence of events multistageoccurring in more than one stage watchthe period during which someone (especially a guard) is on duty peacetimea period of time during which there is no war wartimea period of time during which there is armed conflict duty tour, enlistment, hitch, term of enlistment, tour, tour of dutya period of time spent in military service honeymoonthe early (usually calm and harmonious) period of a relationship; business or political indictiona 15-year cycle used as a chronological unit in ancient Rome and adopted in some medieval kingdoms prohibition, prohibition erathe period from 1920 to 1933 when the sale of alcoholic beverages was prohibited in the United States by a constitutional amendment incubation periodthe period between infection and the appearance of symptoms of the disease rainy daya (future) time of financial need noviciate, novitiatethe period during which you are a novice (especially in a religious order) bloom, blossom, efflorescence, flower, flush, heyday, peak, primethe period of greatest prosperity or productivity running timethe length of time that a movie or tv show runs clotting timethe time it takes for a sample of blood to clot; used to diagnose some clotting disorders air alertthe time period during which military and civilian agencies are prepared for an enemy air attack question timea period during a parliamentary session when members of British Parliament may ask questions of the ministers real time(computer science) the time it takes for a process under computer control to occur real timethe actual time that it takes a process to occur study halla period of time during the school day that is set aside for study usancethe period of time permitted by commercial usage for the payment of a bill of exchange (especially a foreign bill of exchange) windowthe time period that is considered best for starting or finishing something amount, measure, quantity how much there is or how many there are of something that you can quantify |
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