英语词汇“belief”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

A belief is an idea one accepts as being true or real. Many children have a strong belief that the Tooth Fairy really does exist.

The noun belief replaced the Old English word geleafa, meaning “belief, faith,” in the late 12th century. A belief is an idea one usually holds with conviction and importance. In a religious context, the Ancient Greeks held the belief that many gods existed, controlling their fate, while Christianity began with the belief that only one God exists. You can also have belief in yourself in the face of a challenge.

WORD FAMILY

belief: beliefs, disbelief, unbelief+/believability: believabilities/believable: believability, believably, unbelievable/believe: belief, believable, believed, believer, believes, believing, disbelieve, misbelieve/believer: believers, nonbeliever, unbeliever/believing: believingly, believings, unbelieving/disbelief: disbeliefs/disbelieve: disbelieved, disbeliever, disbelieves, disbelieving/disbeliever: disbelievers/disbelieving: disbelievingly/misbelieve: misbelieved, misbeliever, misbelieves, misbelieving/misbeliever: misbelievers/nonbeliever: nonbelievers/unbelief: unbeliefs/unbelievable: unbelievably/unbeliever: unbelievers/unbelieving: unbelievingly

USAGE EXAMPLES

In 1970, Brewer sought a full term as governor based on the belief that George Wallace would not run.

Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)

Dr. Appleby was part of a generation of historians who examined the ideologies and beliefs that animated the American Revolution.

New York Times(Jan 02, 2017)

And contrary to popular belief, research shows that adopting WTE technology does not reduce recycling rates.

Salon(Jan 02, 2017)

1n any cognitive content held as true

Ant|Exp|Hypo|Hyper

disbelief, unbelief

a rejection of belief

Augsburg Confession

the document drawn up in 1555 to defend the catholicity of Lutheran doctrine and to justify innovations in Lutheran practice; is still in effect today

Demogorgon

(Greek mythology) a mysterious and terrifying deity of the underworld

Hypnos

(Greek mythology) the Greek god of sleep; the son of Nyx

Morpheus

the Roman god of sleep and dreams

Amaethon

the farmer god; ancient god of agriculture

Ana

mother of the ancient Irish gods; sometimes identified with Danu

Angus Og

Celtic god of love and beauty; patron deity of young men and women

Arawn

Celtic deity who was the lord of Annwfn (the other world or the land of fairies)

Arianrhod

Celtic goddess famous for her beauty; mother of Dylan

Boann

Celtic goddess; mother of Angus Og

Brigit

Celtic goddess of fire and fertility and agriculture and household arts and wisdom; later associated with Saint Bridget

Dagda

chief Celtic god of the Tuatha De Danann; father of Angus Og and Brigit

Dana

Celtic goddess who was the mother of the Tuatha De Danann; identified with the Welsh Don

Don

Celtic goddess; mother of Gwydion and Arianrhod; corresponds to Irish Danu

Dylan

Celtic god of the waves; son of Arianrhod

Epona

(possibly Roman mythology) Celtic goddess of horses and mules and asses

Gwydion

Celtic sky god; a magician; giver of arts and civilization

Gwyn

Celtic underworld god

LLud

a Celtic warrior god

Llyr

Celtic deity who was the father of Manawydan; corresponds to Irish Lir

Lugh

ancient Celtic god

Manannan

Celtic god of the sea; son of Ler

Manawyddan

Celtic sea god; son of Llyr

Morrigan

Celtic war goddess

Amen-Ra

Egyptian sun god; supreme god of the universe in whom Amen and Ra were merged; principal deity during Theban supremacy

Anubis

Egyptian god of tombs and ruler of the underworld; usually depicted as a man with the head of a jackal

Aten

the sun (or solar disc) which was the deity of a monotheistic cult under the Pharaoh Akhenaten

Bast

cat- or lion-headed Egyptian goddess; represents life-giving power of the sun

Geb

Egyptian god of the earth; father of Osiris and Isis

Horus

Egyptian solar god with the head of a falcon; the son of Osiris and Isis

Isis

Egyptian goddess of fertility; daughter of Geb; sister and wife of Osiris

Khepera

Egyptian god of the morning sun; creator

Min

an Egyptian god of procreation

Nephthys

Egyptian goddess associated with ritual of the dead; sister of Geb and Nut; wife of Set

Nut

Egyptian goddess of the sky

Osiris

Egyptian god of the underworld and judge of the dead; husband and brother of Isis; father of Horus

Ptah

a major Egyptian god; shaper of the world; father of gods and men; worshipped especially at Memphis

ancient Egyptian sun god with the head of a hawk; a universal creator; he merged with the god Amen as Amen-Ra to become the king of the gods

Eye of Ra

a lion-headed Egyptian goddess; typifies life-destroying power of the sun

Seth

evil Egyptian god with the head of a beast that has high square ears and a long snout; brother and murderer of Osiris

Thoth

Egyptian Moon deity with the head of an ibis; god of wisdom and learning and the arts; scribe of the gods

Adad

Babylonian god of storms and wind

Adapa

a Babylonian demigod or first man (sometimes identified with Adam)

Anshar

the Babylonian father of the gods; identified with Assyrian Ashur; in Sumerian the name signifies `the totality of the upper world'

Antum

Babylonian consort of Anu

Anu

Babylonian god of the sky; one of the supreme triad including Bel and Ea

Apsu

father of the gods and consort of Tiamat

Aruru

mother and earth goddess in Gilgamish epic; identified with Sumerian Ki and Ninkhursag

Ashir

chief god of the Assyrians; god of military prowess and empire; identified with Babylonian Anshar

Ashtoreth

an ancient Phoenician goddess of love and fertility; the Phoenician counterpart to Ishtar

Mylitta

Babylonian and Assyrian goddess of love and fertility and war; counterpart to the Phoenician Astarte

Baal

any of numerous local fertility and nature deities worshipped by ancient Semitic peoples; the Hebrews considered Baal a false god

Bel

Babylonian god of the earth; one of the supreme triad including Anu and Ea; earlier identified with En-lil

Dagon

god of agriculture and the earth; national god of Philistines

Dagan

god of agriculture and earth; counterpart of Phoenician Dagon

Damgalnunna

(Babylonian) earth goddess; consort of Ea and mother of Marduk

Dumuzi

Sumerian and Babylonian god of pastures and vegetation; consort of Inanna

the Babylonian god of wisdom; son of Apsu and father of Marduk; counterpart of the Sumerian Enki; as one of the supreme triad including Anu and Bel he was assigned control of the watery element

Enki

water god and god of wisdom; counterpart of the Akkadian Ea

En-lil

god of the air and king of the Sumerian gods

Eresh-kigal

goddess of death and consort of Nergal

Girru

the Babylonian god of fire; often invoked in incantations against sorcery

Gula

the Babylonian goddess of healing and consort of Ninurta

Igigi

any of a group of heavenly spirits under the god Anu

Inanna

consort of Dumuzi (Tammuz)

goddess personifying earth; counterpart of Akkadian Aruru

Kishar

Babylonian consort of Anshar; in Sumerian the name signifies `the totality of the lower world'

Mama

a name under which Ninkhursag was worshipped

Baal Merodach

the chief Babylonian god; his consort was Sarpanitu

Molech

god of the Canaanites and Phoenicians to whom parents sacrificed their children

Nabu

Babylonian god of wisdom and agriculture and patron of scribes and schools

Nammu

goddess personifying the primeval sea; mother of the gods and of heaven and earth

Namtaru

a demon personifying death; messenger of the underworld goddess Ereshkigal bringing death to mankind

Nanna

god of the Moon; counterpart of the Akkadian Sin

Nergal

(Akkadian) god ruling with his consort Ereshkigal the world of the dead

Nina

the Babylonian goddess of the watery deep and daughter of Ea

Ningal

(Akkadian) a goddess; wife of the Moon god Sin

Ningirsu

Babylonian god in older pantheon: god of war and agriculture

Ningishzida

an underworld Babylonian deity; patron of medicine

Ninkharsag

the great mother goddess; worshipped also as Aruru and Mama and Nintu

Nintoo

a name under which Ninkhursag was worshipped

Ninurta

a solar deity; firstborn of Bel and consort was Gula; god of war and the chase and agriculture; sometimes identified with biblical Nimrod

Nusku

god of fire and light; corresponds to Babylonian Girru

Ramman

god of storms and wind; corresponds to Babylonian Adad

Sarpanitu

consort of Marduk

Shamash

the chief sun god; drives away winter and storms and brightens the earth with greenery; drives away evil and brings justice and compassion

Sin

(Akkadian) god of the Moon; counterpart of Sumerian Nanna

Tashmitum

consort of Nabu

Tiamat

(Akkadian) mother of the gods and consort of Apsu

Utnapishtim

favorite of the gods and grandfather of Gilgamish; survived the great flood and became immortal

Utug

sun god; counterpart of Akkadian Shamash

Zubird

evil storm god represented as a black bird

Aditi

a Hindu goddess who releases from sin or disease; mother of the Adityas

Agni

(Sanskrit) Hindu god of fire in ancient and traditional India; one of the three chief deities of the Vedas

Asura

earlier a god; later a demon; counterpart of Zoroastrian Ahura

Bhaga

Hindu god of wealth and love

Brahma

the Creator; one of the three major deities in the later Hindu pantheon

Brihaspati

personification of the power of ritual devotion

Bhumi Devi

Hindu earth goddess; one of the two wives of Vishnu

Devi

Hindu mother goddess; supreme power in the universe; wife or embodiment of the female energy of Siva having both beneficent and malevolent forms or aspects

Chandi

malevolent aspect of Devi

Durga

Hindu goddess of war; a malevolent aspect of Devi

Dyaus-pitar

Hindu god of the sky

Ganapati

Hindu god of wisdom or prophecy; the god who removes obstacles

Gauri

in Hinduism, goddess of purity and posterity and a benevolent aspect of Devi; the `brilliant'

Hanuman

in Hinduism, the monkey god and helper of Rama; god of devotion and courage

Indra

chief Hindu god of the Rig-Veda; god of rain and thunder

unknown god; an epithet of Prajapati and Brahma

Kali

wife of Siva and malevolent form of Devi

Kama

Hindu god of love and erotic desire; opposite of Mara

Mara

Hindu god of death; opposite of Kama

Karttikeya

Hindu god of bravery

Lakshmi

Hindu goddess of fortune and prosperity

Mitra

Hindu god of friendship and alliances; usually invoked together with Varuna as a supporter of heaven and earth

Parjanya

Hindu god of rain; sometimes identified with Indra

Annapurna

wife of Siva and a benevolent aspect of Devi: Hindu goddess of plenty

Prajapati

Hindu god personifying a creative force; equivalent to Brahma

Pushan

celestial shepherd god; conductor of souls of the dead

Rahu

a Hindu demon who swallows the sun causing eclipses

Rudra

father of the Hindu storm gods Marut; controller of nature; sometimes identified with Siva

Sarasvati

Hindu goddess of learning and the arts

Savitar

an important Hindu god; the sun in its life-giving aspect

Shakti

the female or generative principle; wife of Siva and a benevolent form of Devi

Shiva

the destroyer; one of the three major divinities in the later Hindu pantheon

Skanda

Hindu god of war

Surya

an important god of later Hinduism; the sun god or the sun itself worshipped as the source of warmth and light

Uma

a benevolent aspect of Devi; `splendor'

Ushas

Hindu goddess of dawn; daughter of the sky and sister of the night

Varuna

in Vedism, god of the night sky who with his thousand eyes watches over human conduct and judges good and evil and punishes evildoers; often considered king of the Hindu gods and frequently paired with Mitra as an upholder of the world

Vayu

Hindu wind god

Vishnu

the sustainer; a Hindu divinity worshipped as the preserver of worlds

Yama

Hindu god of death and lord of the underworld

Mithras

ancient Persian god of light and truth; sun god

Ahura Mazda

chief deity of Zoroastrianism; source of light and embodiment of good

Ahriman

the spirit of evil in Zoroastrianism; arch rival of Ormazd

Boddhisatva

Buddhist worthy of nirvana who postpones it to help others

Arhant

a Buddhist who has attained nirvana

Chang Kuo-lao

one of the 8 immortals of Taoism

Wen Ch'ang

Chinese god of literature

Taoist Trinity

the three pure ones; the three chief gods of Taoism

Heavenly Jewel

a member of the Taoist Trinity

Mystic Jewel

a member of the Taoist Trinity

Spiritual Jewel

a member of the Taoist Trinity; identified with Lao-tse

Kuan Yin

(Buddhism) a female Bodhisattva; often called goddess of mercy and considered an aspect of the Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara; identified with Japanese Kwannon

Amaterasu Omikami

central deity of Shinto; goddess personifying the sun and ancestress of the rulers of Japan

Hachiman

a Shinto god of war

Hotei

one of the 7 gods of happiness

Izanagi

the god who fathered the islands and gods of Japan with his sister Izanami

Izanami

sister and consort of Izanami; mother of the islands and gods of Japan

Kami

one the Shinto deities (including mythological beings, spirits of distinguished men, forces of nature)

Kwannon

Japanese counterpart of Chinese Kuan Yin

Ninigino-Mikoto

grandson of Amaterasu and first ruler of Japan

Supreme Being

the supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions

Prince of Darkness

(Judeo-Christian and Islamic religions) chief spirit of evil and adversary of God; tempter of mankind; master of Hell

Olympic god

a classical Greek god after the overthrow of the Titans

Aeolus

god of the winds in ancient mythology

Phoebus Apollo

(Greek mythology) Greek god of light; god of prophecy and poetry and music and healing; son of Zeus and Leto; twin brother of Artemis

Aphrodite

goddess of love and beauty and daughter of Zeus in ancient mythology; identified with Roman Venus

Urania

goddess of love; counterpart of Greek Aphrodite

Ares

(Greek mythology) Greek god of war; son of Zeus and Hera; identified with Roman Mars

Eris

(Greek mythology) goddess of discord; sister of Ares

Thanatos

(Greek mythology) the Greek personification of death; son of Nyx

Mors

(Roman mythology) Roman god of death; counterpart of Thanatos

Mars

(Roman mythology) Roman god of war and agriculture; father of Romulus and Remus; counterpart of Greek Ares

Nyx

(Greek mythology) Greek goddess of the night; daughter of Chaos; counterpart of Roman Nox

Artemis

(Greek mythology) the virgin goddess of the hunt and the Moon; daughter of Leto and twin sister of Apollo; identified with Roman Diana

Boreas

(Greek mythology) the god who personified the north wind

Diana

(Roman mythology) virgin goddess of the hunt and the Moon; counterpart of Greek Artemis

Ate

goddess of criminal rashness and its punishment

Pallas Athena

(Greek mythology) goddess of wisdom and useful arts and prudent warfare; guardian of Athens; identified with Roman Minerva

Minerva

(Roman mythology) goddess of wisdom; counterpart of Greek Athena

Chaos

(Greek mythology) the most ancient of gods; the personification of the infinity of space preceding creation of the universe

Saturn

(Roman mythology) god of agriculture and vegetation; counterpart of Greek Cronus

Demeter

(Greek mythology) goddess of fertility and protector of marriage in ancient mythology; counterpart of Roman Ceres

Ceres

(Roman mythology) goddess of agriculture; counterpart of Greek Demeter

Dionysus

(Greek mythology) god of wine and fertility and drama; the Greek name of Bacchus

Doris

(Greek mythology) wife of Nereus and mother of the Nereids

Aesculapius

son of Apollo; a hero and the Roman god of medicine and healing; his daughters were Hygeia and Panacea

Bacchus

(classical mythology) god of wine; equivalent of Dionysus

Erebus

(Greek mythology) Greek god of darkness who dwelt in the underworld; son of Chaos; brother of Nox; father of Aether and Day

Night

Roman goddess of night; daughter of Erebus; counterpart of Greek Nyx

Eros

(Greek mythology) god of love; son of Aphrodite; identified with Roman Cupid

Cupid

(Roman mythology) god of love; counterpart of Greek Eros

Gaea

(Greek mythology) goddess of the earth and mother of Cronus and the Titans in ancient mythology

Hebe

(Greek mythology) the goddess of youth and spring; wife of Hercules; daughter of Zeus and Hera; cupbearer to the Olympian gods

Helios

(Greek mythology) ancient god of the sun; drove his chariot across the sky each day; identified with Roman Sol

Sol

(Roman mythology) ancient Roman god; personification of the sun; counterpart of Greek Helios

Hecate

(Greek mythology) Greek goddess of fertility who later became associated with Persephone as goddess of the underworld and protector of witches

Hephaestus

(Greek mythology) the lame god of fire and metalworking in ancient mythology; identified with Roman Vulcan

Vulcan

(Roman mythology) god of fire and metal working; counterpart of Greek Hephaestus

Hermes

(Greek mythology) messenger and herald of the gods; god of commerce and cunning and invention and theft; identified with Roman Mercury

Hermaphroditus

(Greek mythology) son of Hermes and Aphrodite who merged with the nymph Salmacis to form one body

Mercury

(Roman mythology) messenger of Jupiter and god of commerce; counterpart of Greek Hermes

Hygeia

(Greek mythology) the goddess of health; daughter of Aesculapius and sister of Panacea

Panacea

(Greek mythology) the goddess of healing; daughter of Aesculapius and sister of Hygeia

Hera

queen of the Olympian gods in ancient Greek mythology; sister and wife of Zeus remembered for her jealously of the many mortal women Zeus fell in love with; identified with Roman Juno

Janus

(Roman mythology) the Roman god of doorways and passages; is depicted with two faces on opposite sides of his head

Juno

(Roman mythology) queen of the Olympian gods who protected marriage; wife and sister of Jupiter; counterpart of Greek Hera

Hestia

(Greek mythology) the goddess of the hearth and its fire in ancient mythology; identified with Roman Vesta

Vesta

(Roman mythology) goddess of the hearth and its fire whose flame was tended by vestal virgins; counterpart of Greek Hestia

Hymen

(Greek mythology) the god of marriage

Minos

son of Zeus and Europa; king of ancient Crete; ordered Daedalus to build the labyrinth; after death Minos became a judge in the underworld

Ariadne

beautiful daughter of Minos and Pasiphae; she fell in love with Theseus and gave him the thread with which he found his way out of the Minotaur's labyrinth

Clotho

the Greek goddess of fate who spins the thread of life

Lachesis

the Greek goddess of fate who determines the length of the thread of life

Atropos

the Greek goddess of fate who cuts the thread of life

Momos

god of blame and mockery

Nemesis

(Greek mythology) the goddess of divine retribution and vengeance

Nereus

(Greek mythology) a sea god son of Pontus and Gaea; lived in the depths of the sea with his wife Doris and their daughters the Nereids

Nike

(Greek mythology) winged goddess of victory; identified with Roman Victoria

Victoria

(Roman mythology) goddess of victory; counterpart of Greek Nike

Ouranos

(Greek mythology) god of the heavens; son and husband of Gaea and father of the Titans in ancient mythology

goat god

(Greek mythology) god of fields and woods and shepherds and flocks; represented as a man with goat's legs and horns and ears; identified with Roman Sylvanus or Faunus

Faunus

(Roman mythology) ancient rural deity; later considered a counterpart of Greek Pan

Pasiphae

(Greek mythology) daughter of Helios and mother of Ariadne

Poseidon

(Greek mythology) the god of the sea and earthquakes in ancient mythology; brother of Zeus and Hades and Hera; identified with Roman Neptune

Proteus

(Greek mythology) a prophetic god who served Poseidon; was capable of changing his shape at will

Neptune

(Roman mythology) god of the sea; counterpart of Greek Poseidon

Persephone

(Greek mythology) daughter of Zeus and Demeter; made queen of the underworld by Pluto in ancient mythology; identified with Roman Proserpina

Proserpina

goddess of the underworld; counterpart of Greek Persephone

Phaethon

(Greek mythology) son of Helios; killed when trying to drive his father's chariot and came too close to earth

Aidoneus

(Greek mythology) the god of the underworld in ancient mythology; brother of Zeus and husband of Persephone

Orcus

god of the underworld; counterpart of Greek Pluto

Pythoness

(Greek mythology) the priestess of Apollo at Delphi who transmitted the oracles

Priapus

(classical mythology) god of male procreative power and guardian of gardens and vineyards

Selene

(Greek mythology) goddess of the Moon in ancient mythology; identified with Roman Luna

Luna

(Roman mythology) the goddess of the Moon; counterpart of Greek Selene

Eos

(Greek mythology) the winged goddess of the dawn in ancient mythology; daughter of Hyperion; identified with Roman Aurora

Aurora

(Roman mythology) goddess of the dawn; counterpart of Greek Eos

Tellus

(Roman mythology) goddess of the earth; protector of marriage and fertility; identified with Greek Gaea

Titan

(Greek mythology) any of the primordial giant gods who ruled the Earth until overthrown by Zeus; the Titans were offspring of Uranus (Heaven) and Gaea (Earth)

Titaness

(Greek mythology) any of the primordial giant goddesses who were offspring of Uranus (heaven) and Gaea (earth) in ancient mythology

Triton

(Greek mythology) a sea god; son of Poseidon

Tyche

(Greek mythology) the goddess of fortune; identified with Roman Fortuna

Fortuna

(Roman mythology) the goddess of fortune and good luck; counterpart of Greek Tyche

Zephyr

(Greek mythology) the Greek god of the west wind

Zeus

(Greek mythology) the supreme god of ancient Greek mythology; son of Rhea and Cronus whom he dethroned; husband and brother of Hera; brother of Poseidon and Hades; father of many gods; counterpart of Roman Jupiter

Jupiter

(Roman mythology) supreme god of Romans; counterpart of Greek Zeus

Ops

(Roman mythology) goddess of abundance and fertility; wife of Saturn; counterpart of Greek Rhea and Cybele of ancient Asia Minor

Silvanus

(Roman mythology) god of woods and fields and flocks; Pan is the Greek counterpart

Balder

(Norse mythology) god of light and peace and noted for his beauty and sweet nature; son of Odin and Frigg and husband of Nanna; killed by Hoth

Brage

(Norse mythology) god of poetry and music; son of Odin

Elli

(Norse mythology) goddess of old age who defeated Thor in a wrestling match

Forseti

(Norse mythology) god of justice; son of Balder and Nanna

Freyr

(Norse mythology) god of earth's fertility and peace and prosperity; son of Njorth and brother of Freya; originally of the Vanir; later with the Aesir

Freyja

(Norse mythology) goddess of love and fecundity; daughter of Njorth and sister of Frey

Frigga

(Norse mythology) goddess of the heavens and married love; wife of Odin

Heimdallr

(Norse mythology) god of dawn and light; guardian of Asgard

Hela

(Norse mythology) goddess of the dead and queen of the underworld

Hoenir

(Norse mythology) one of the Aesir having a strong and beautiful body but a dull mind

Hoder

(Norse mythology) a blind god; misled by Loki, he kills his brother Balder by throwing a shaft of mistletoe

Ithunn

(Norse mythology) goddess of spring and wife of Bragi; guarded the apples that kept the gods eternally young

Loki

(Norse mythology) trickster; god of discord and mischief; contrived death of Balder and was overcome by Thor

Njorth

(Norse mythology) chief of the Vanir; god of the sea and winds and prosperity; father of Frey and Freya; sometimes subsumes Teutonic Nerthus

Odin

(Norse mythology) ruler of the Aesir; supreme god of war and poetry and knowledge and wisdom (for which he gave an eye) and husband of Frigg; identified with the Teutonic Wotan

Sif

(Norse mythology) wife of Thor and guardian of the home

Thor

(Norse mythology) god of thunder and rain and farming; pictured as wielding a hammer emblematic of the thunderbolt; identified with Teutonic Donar

Tyrr

(Norse mythology) god of war and strife and son of Odin; identified with Anglo-Saxon Tiu

Donar

the Teutonic god of thunder; counterpart of Norse Thor

Nerthus

the Teutonic goddess of fertility; later identified with Norse Njord

Wotan

supreme Teutonic god; counterpart of Norse Odin and Anglo-Saxon Woden

Tiu

god of war and sky; counterpart of Norse Tyr

Wodan

chief god; counterpart of Norse Odin and Teutonic Wotan

Mater Turrita

great nature goddess of ancient Phrygia in Asia Minor; counterpart of Greek Rhea and Roman Ops

Mephistopheles

evil spirit to whom Faust sold his soul

Quetzalcoatl

an Aztec deity represented as a plumed serpent

Zurvan

the Zoroastrian god of time

Saint Ambrose

(Roman Catholic Church) Roman priest who became bishop of Milan; the first Church Father born and raised in the Christian faith; composer of hymns; imposed orthodoxy on the early Christian church and built up its secular power; a saint and Doctor of the Church (340?-397)

Saint Andrew the Apostle

(New Testament) disciple of Jesus; brother of Peter; patron saint of Scotland

Saint Anselm

an Italian who was a Benedictine monk; was archbishop of Canterbury from 1093 to 1109; one of the founders of scholasticism; best known for his proof of the existence of God

Saint Thomas Aquinas

(Roman Catholic Church) Italian theologian and Doctor of the Church who is remembered for his attempt to reconcile faith and reason in a comprehensive theology; presented philosophical proofs of the existence of God (1225-1274)

Athanasius the Great

(Roman Catholic Church) Greek patriarch of Alexandria who championed Christian orthodoxy against Arianism; a church father, saint, and Doctor of the Church (293-373)

Augustine of Hippo

(Roman Catholic Church) one of the great Fathers of the early Christian church; after a dramatic conversion to Christianity he became bishop of Hippo Regius in North Africa; St. Augustine emphasized man's need for grace (354-430)

St. Basil the Great

(Roman Catholic Church) the bishop of Caesarea who defended the Roman Catholic Church against the heresies of the 4th century; a saint and Doctor of the Church (329-379)

Saint Thomas a Becket

(Roman Catholic Church) archbishop of Canterbury from 1162 to 1170; murdered following his opposition to Henry II's attempts to control the clergy (1118-1170)

the Venerable Bede

(Roman Catholic Church) English monk and scholar (672-735)

Saint Benedict

Italian monk who founded the Benedictine order about 540 (480-547)

Apostle of Germany

(Roman Catholic Church) Anglo-Saxon missionary who was sent to Frisia and Germany to spread the Christian faith; was martyred in Frisia (680-754)

Saint Bridget

Irish abbess; a patron saint of Ireland (453-523)

Saint Bruno

(Roman Catholic Church) a French cleric (born in Germany) who founded the Carthusian order in 1084 (1032-1101)

Domingo de Guzman

(Roman Catholic Church) Spanish priest who founded an order whose members became known as Dominicans or Black Friars (circa 1170-1221)

Saint Edward the Confessor

son of Ethelred the Unready; King of England from 1042 to 1066; he founded Westminster Abbey where he was eventually buried (1003-1066)

Saint Edward the Martyr

King of England who was a son of Edgar; he was challenged for the throne by supporters of his half-brother Ethelred II who eventually murdered him (963-978)

Saint Francis of Assisi

(Roman Catholic Church) an Italian and the Roman Catholic monk who founded the Franciscan order of friars (1181-1226)

Gregory the Great

(Roman Catholic Church) an Italian pope distinguished for his spiritual and temporal leadership; a saint and Doctor of the Church (540?-604)

St. Gregory of Nazianzen

(Roman Catholic Church) a church father known for his constant fight against perceived heresies; a saint and Doctor of the Church (329-391)

Saint Ignatius

bishop of Antioch who was martyred under the Roman Emperor Trajan (died 110)

Saint Ignatius of Loyola

Spaniard and Roman Catholic theologian and founder of the Society of Jesus; a leading opponent of the Reformation (1491-1556)

Saint Irenaeus

Greek theologian who was bishop of Lyons and an antiheretical writer; a saint and Doctor of the Church (circa 130-200)

Saint James the Apostle

(New Testament) disciple of Jesus; brother of John; author of the Epistle of James in the New Testament

Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

(Roman Catholic Church) one of the great Fathers of the early Christian Church whose major work was his translation of the Scriptures from Hebrew and Greek into Latin (which became the Vulgate); a saint and Doctor of the Church (347-420)

Saint John the Apostle

(New Testament) disciple of Jesus; traditionally said to be the author of the 4th Gospel and three epistles and the book of Revelation

St. John Chrysostom

(Roman Catholic Church) a Church Father who was a great preacher and bishop of Constantinople; a saint and Doctor of the Church (347-407)

St. John the Baptist

(New Testament) a preacher and hermit and forerunner of Jesus (whom he baptized); was beheaded by Herod at the request of Salome

Saint Jude

(New Testament) supposed brother of St. James; one of the Apostles who is invoked in prayer when a situation seems hopeless

Saint Lawrence

Roman martyr; supposedly Lawrence was ordered by the police to give up the church's treasure and when he responded by presenting the poor people of Rome he was roasted to death on a gridiron (died in 258)

Leo the Great

Italian pope from 440 to 461 who extended the authority of the papacy to the west and persuaded Attila not to attack Rome (440-461)

Saint Louis

king of France and son of Louis VIII; he led two unsuccessful Crusades; considered an ideal medieval king (1214-1270)

Saint Luke

(New Testament) the Apostle closely associated with St. Paul and traditionally assumed to be the author of the third Gospel

Saint Mark

Apostle and companion of Saint Peter; assumed to be the author of the second Gospel

St. Martin

French bishop who is a patron saint of France (died in 397)

St. Mary Magdalene

sinful woman Jesus healed of evil spirits; she became a follower of Jesus

Saint Matthew the Apostle

(New Testament) disciple of Jesus; traditionally considered to be the author of the first Gospel

Saint Nicholas

a bishop in Asia Minor who is associated with Santa Claus (4th century)

Saint Olaf

King and patron saint of Norway (995-1030)

Apostle of the Gentiles

(New Testament) a Christian missionary to the Gentiles; author of several Epistles in the New Testament; even though Paul was not present at the Last Supper he is considered an Apostle

Saint Peter the Apostle

disciple of Jesus and leader of the Apostles; regarded by Catholics as the vicar of Christ on earth and first Pope

Simon the Canaanite

one of the twelve Apostles (first century)

Saint Teresa of Avila

Spanish mystic and religious reformer; author of religious classics and a Christian saint (1515-1582)

Thomas the doubting Apostle

the Apostle who would not believe the resurrection of Jesus until he saw Jesus with his own eyes

St. Vitus

Christian martyr and patron of those who suffer from epilepsy and Sydenham's chorea (died around 300)

Jagannatha

an avatar of Vishnu

Kalki

the 10th and last incarnation of Vishnu

Krishna

8th and most important avatar of Vishnu; incarnated as a handsome young man playing a flute

Rama

avatar of Vishnu whose name is synonymous with God; any of three incarnations: Ramachandra or Parashurama or Balarama

Silenus

the chief satyr in the service of Bacchus; father of Dionysus; usually depicted as drunk and jolly and riding a donkey

Calliope

(Greek mythology) the Muse of epic poetry

Clio

(Greek mythology) the Muse of history

Erato

(Greek mythology) the Muse of lyric and love poetry

Euterpe

(Greek mythology) the Muse of music (or the flute)

Melpomene

(Greek mythology) the Muse of tragedy

Polyhymnia

(Greek mythology) the Muse of singing and mime and sacred dance

Terpsichore

(Greek mythology) the Muse of the dance and of choral song

Thalia

(Greek mythology) the Muse of comedy and pastoral poetry

Urania

(Greek mythology) the Muse of astronomy

Urth

goddess of fate: a giantess who personified the past

Verthandi

goddess of fate: an elf who personified the present

Skuld

goddess of fate: a dwarf who personified the future

Father Christmas

the legendary patron saint of children; an imaginary being who is thought to bring presents to children at Christmas

Saint Christopher

Christian martyr and patron saint of travellers (3rd century)

Saint Crispin

patron saint of shoemakers; he and his brother were martyred for trying to spread Christianity (3rd century)

Saint David

patron saint of Wales (circa 520-600)

Saint George

Christian martyr; patron saint of England; hero of the legend of Saint George and the Dragon in which he slew a dragon and saved a princess (?-303)

Saint Patrick

Apostle and patron saint of Ireland; an English missionary to Ireland in the 5th century

Lorelei

a Siren of German legend who lured boatmen in the Rhine to destruction

article of faith, conviction, strong belief

an unshakable belief in something without need for proof or evidence

faith, trust

complete confidence in a person or plan etc

doctrine, ism, philosophical system, philosophy, school of thought

a belief (or system of beliefs) accepted as authoritative by some group or school

philosophy

any personal belief about how to live or how to deal with a situation

expectation, outlook, prospect

belief about (or mental picture of) the future

fetichism, fetishism

a belief in the magical power of fetishes (or the worship of a fetish)

geneticism

the belief that all human characteristics are determined genetically

meliorism

the belief that the world can be made better by human effort

opinion, persuasion, sentiment, thought, view

a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

autotelism

belief that a work of art is an end in itself or its own justification

originalism

the belief that the United States Constitution should be interpreted in the way the authors originally intended it

pacificism, pacifism

the belief that all international disputes can be settled by arbitration

faith, religion, religious belief

a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

opinion, popular opinion, public opinion, vox populi

a belief or sentiment shared by most people; the voice of the people

revolutionism

a belief in the spread of revolutionary principles

sacerdotalism

a belief that priests can act as mediators between human beings and God

spiritualism

the belief that the spirits of dead people can communicate with people who are still alive (especially via a medium)

spiritual domain, spiritual world, unseen

a belief that there is a realm controlled by a divine spirit

suffragism

the belief that the right to vote should be extended (as to women)

supernaturalism

a belief in forces beyond ordinary human understanding

superstition, superstitious notion

an irrational belief arising from ignorance or fear

supremacism

the belief that some particular group or race is superior to all others

theory

a belief that can guide behavior

theosophism

belief in theosophy

thought

the organized beliefs of a period or group or individual

totemism

belief in the kinship of a group of people with a common totem

tribalism

the beliefs of a tribal society

values

beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something)

vampirism

belief in the existence of vampires

individualism

a belief in the importance of the individual and the virtue of self-reliance and personal independence

spiritual being, supernatural being

an incorporeal being believed to have powers to affect the course of human events

nuclear deterrence

the military doctrine that an enemy will be deterred from using nuclear weapons as long as he can be destroyed as a consequence

idea

a personal view

judgement, judgment, mind

an opinion formed by judging something

apophatism

the religious belief that God cannot be known but is completely `other' and must be described in negative terms (in terms of what God is not)

cataphatism

the religious belief that God has given enough clues to be known to humans positively and affirmatively (e.g., God created Adam `in his own image')

analogy, doctrine of analogy

the religious belief that between creature and creator no similarity can be found so great but that the dissimilarity is always greater; any analogy between God and humans will always be inadequate

cult, cultus, religious cult

a system of religious beliefs and rituals

cult

a religion or sect that is generally considered to be unorthodox, extremist, or false

ecclesiasticism

religion appropriate to a church and to ecclesiastical principles and practices

mysticism, religious mysticism

a religion based on mystical communion with an ultimate reality

nature worship

a system of religion that deifies and worships natural forces and phenomena

revealed religion

a religion founded primarily on the revelations of God to humankind

eyes

opinion or judgment

parti pris, preconceived idea, preconceived notion, preconceived opinion, preconception, prepossession

an opinion formed beforehand without adequate evidence

pole

one of two divergent or mutually exclusive opinions

hope, promise

grounds for feeling hopeful about the future

foretaste

an early limited awareness of something yet to occur

possibility

a future prospect or potential

anticipation, expectancy

something expected (as on the basis of a norm)

apprehension, misgiving

painful expectation

egoism

(ethics) the theory that the pursuit of your own welfare in the basis of morality

hodgepodge, jumble, patchwork

a theory or argument made up of miscellaneous or incongruous ideas

Cabalism, Kabbalism

the doctrines of the Kabbalah

mainstream

the prevailing current of thought

abolitionism

the doctrine that calls for the abolition of slavery

absolutism

the doctrine of an absolute being

amoralism

the doctrine that moral distinctions are invalid

animalism

the doctrine that human beings are purely animal in nature and lacking a spiritual nature

animism

the doctrine that all natural objects and the universe itself have souls

antiestablishmentarianism, antiestablishmentism

the doctrine of opposition to the social and political establishment

asceticism

the doctrine that through renunciation of worldly pleasures it is possible to achieve a high spiritual or intellectual state

contextualism

any doctrine emphasizing the importance of the context in solving problems or establishing the meaning of terms

creationism

the literal belief in the account of Creation given in the Book of Genesis

credo, creed

any system of principles or beliefs

divine right, divine right of kings

the doctrine that kings derive their right to rule directly from God and are not accountable to their subjects; rebellion is the worst of political crimes

dogma

a doctrine or code of beliefs accepted as authoritative

dualism

the doctrine that reality consists of two basic opposing elements, often taken to be mind and matter (or mind and body), or good and evil

dynamism

any of the various theories or doctrines or philosophical systems that attempt to explain the phenomena of the universe in terms of some immanent force or energy

epicureanism

a doctrine of hedonism that was defended by several ancient Greek philosophers

establishmentarianism, establishmentism

the doctrine of supporting the social or political establishment

ethicism

a doctrine that ethics and ethical ideas are valid and important

expansionism

the doctrine of expanding the territory or the economic influence of a country

formalism

the doctrine that formal structure rather than content is what should be represented

functionalism

any doctrine that stresses utility or purpose

Girondism

the doctrine of the Girondists

gospel

a doctrine that is believed to be of great importance

gymnosophy

the doctrine of a sect of Hindu philosophers who practiced nudity and asceticism and meditation

imitation

the doctrine that representations of nature or human behavior should be accurate imitations

individualism, laissez faire

the doctrine that government should not interfere in commercial affairs

rugged individualism

individualism in social and economic affairs; belief not only in personal liberty and self-reliance but also in free competition

internationalism

the doctrine that nations should cooperate because their common interests are more important than their differences

unilateralism

the doctrine that nations should conduct their foreign affairs individualistically without the advice or involvement of other nations

irredentism, irridentism

the doctrine that irredenta should be controlled by the country to which they are ethnically or historically related

literalism

the doctrine of realistic (literal) portrayal in art or literature

democracy, majority rule

the doctrine that the numerical majority of an organized group can make decisions binding on the whole group

monism

the doctrine that reality consists of a single basic substance or element

multiculturalism

the doctrine that several different cultures (rather than one national culture) can coexist peacefully and equitably in a single country

nationalism

the doctrine that your national culture and interests are superior to any other

nationalism

the doctrine that nations should act independently (rather than collectively) to attain their goals

nihilism

a revolutionary doctrine that advocates destruction of the social system for its own sake

pacificism, pacifism, passivism

the doctrine that all violence is unjustifiable

pluralism

the doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements

populism

the political doctrine that supports the rights and powers of the common people in their struggle with the privileged elite

presentism

the doctrine that the Scripture prophecies of the Apocalypse (as in the Book of Revelations) are presently in the course of being fulfilled

freethinking, rationalism

the doctrine that reason is the right basis for regulating conduct

reformism

a doctrine of reform

humanism, secular humanism

the doctrine emphasizing a person's capacity for self-realization through reason; rejects religion and the supernatural

humanism, humanitarianism

the doctrine that people's duty is to promote human welfare

egalitarianism, equalitarianism

the doctrine of the equality of mankind and the desirability of political and economic and social equality

feminism

a doctrine that advocates equal rights for women

magic, thaumaturgy

any art that invokes supernatural powers

occultism

a belief in supernatural powers and the possibility of bringing them under human control

reincarnationism

a doctrine that on the death of the body the soul migrates to or is born again in another body

secessionism

a doctrine that maintains the right of secession

secularism

a doctrine that rejects religion and religious considerations

dispossession, exorcism

freeing from evil spirits

political sympathies, politics

the opinion you hold with respect to political questions

phenomenology

a philosophical doctrine proposed by Edmund Husserl based on the study of human experience in which considerations of objective reality are not taken into account

philosophical doctrine, philosophical theory

a doctrine accepted by adherents to a philosophy

states' rights

a doctrine that federal powers should be curtailed and returned to the individual states

commandment, precept, teaching

a doctrine that is taught

theological doctrine

the doctrine of a religious group

utilitarianism

doctrine that the useful is the good; especially as elaborated by Jeremy Bentham and James Mill; the aim was said to be the greatest happiness for the greatest number

theism

the doctrine or belief in the existence of a God or gods

heathenism, pagan religion, paganism

any of various religions other than Christianity or Judaism or Islamism

Christian religion, Christianity

a monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus as embodied in the New Testament and emphasizing the role of Jesus as savior

Hindooism, Hinduism

a body of religious and philosophical beliefs and cultural practices native to India and based on a caste system; it is characterized by a belief in reincarnation, by a belief in a supreme being of many forms and natures, by the view that opposing theories are aspects of one eternal truth, and by a desire for liberation from earthly evils

Brahmanism, Brahminism

the religious beliefs of ancient India as prescribed in the sacred Vedas and Brahmanas and Upanishads

Jainism

religion founded in the 6th century BC as a revolt against Hinduism; emphasizes asceticism and immortality and transmigration of the soul; denies existence of a perfect or supreme being

Sikhism

the doctrines of a monotheistic religion founded in northern India in the 16th century by Guru Nanak and combining elements of Hinduism and Islam

Buddhism

the teaching of Buddha that life is permeated with suffering caused by desire, that suffering ceases when desire ceases, and that enlightenment obtained through right conduct and wisdom and meditation releases one from desire and suffering and rebirth

Hsuan Chiao, Taoism

popular Chinese philosophical system based in teachings of Lao-tzu but characterized by a pantheism of many gods and the practices of alchemy and divination and magic

Shinto, Shintoism

the ancient indigenous religion of Japan lacking formal dogma; characterized by a veneration of nature spirits and of ancestors

Manichaeanism, Manichaeism

a religion founded by Manes in the third century; a synthesis of Zoroastrian dualism between light and dark and Babylonian folklore and Buddhist ethics and superficial elements of Christianity; spread widely in the Roman Empire but had largely died out by 1000

Mithraicism, Mithraism

ancient Persian religion; popular among Romans during first three centuries a.d.

Mazdaism, Zoroastrianism

system of religion founded in Persia in the 6th century BC by Zoroaster; set forth in the Zend-Avesta; based on concept of struggle between light (good) and dark (evil)

Bahaism

a religion founded in Iran in 1863; emphasizes the spiritual unity of all humankind; incorporates Christian and Islamic tenets; many adherents live in the United States

Asian shamanism, shamanism

an animistic religion of northern Asia having the belief that the mediation between the visible and the spirit worlds is effected by shamans

shamanism

any animistic religion similar to Asian shamanism (especially as practiced by certain Native American tribes)

Wicca

the polytheistic nature religion of modern witchcraft whose central deity is a mother goddess; claims origins in pre-Christian pagan religions of western Europe

amateurism

the conviction that people should participate in sports as a hobby (for the fun of it) rather than for money

descriptivism

(linguistics) a doctrine supporting or promoting descriptive linguistics

descriptivism

(ethics) a doctrine holding that moral statements have a truth value

prescriptivism

(linguistics) a doctrine supporting or promoting prescriptive linguistics

prescriptivism

(ethics) a doctrine holding that moral statements prescribe appropriate attitudes and behavior

church doctrine, creed, gospel, religious doctrine

the written body of teachings of a religious group that are generally accepted by that group

Kingdom of God

the spiritual domain over which God is sovereign

deity, divinity, god, immortal

any supernatural being worshipped as controlling some part of the world or some aspect of life or who is the personification of a force

aeon, eon

(Gnosticism) a divine power or nature emanating from the Supreme Being and playing various roles in the operation of the universe

angel

spiritual being attendant upon God

faerie, faery, fairy, fay, sprite

a small being, human in form, playful and having magical powers

disembodied spirit, spirit

any incorporeal supernatural being that can become visible (or audible) to human beings

trickster

a mischievous supernatural being found in the folklore of many primitive people; sometimes distinguished by prodigious biological drives and exaggerated bodily parts

millennium

(New Testament) in Revelations it is foretold that those faithful to Jesus will reign with Jesus over the earth for a thousand years; the meaning of these words have been much debated; some denominations (e.g. Jehovah's Witnesses) expect it to be a thousand years of justice and peace and happiness

cognitive content, content, mental object

the sum or range of what has been perceived, discovered, or learned

2n a vague idea in which some confidence is placed

it strengthened my belief in his sincerity

Syn|Hypo|Hyper

feeling, impression, notion, opinion

presence

the impression that something is present

effect

an impression (especially one that is artificial or contrived)

first blush

at the first glimpse or impression

hunch, intuition, suspicion

an impression that something might be the case

sound effect

an effect that imitates a sound called for in the script of a play

special effect

an effect used to produce scenes that cannot be achieved by normal techniques (especially on film)

bosom, heart

the locus of feelings and intuitions

idea, thought

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

单词	belief
释义	belief (once / 91 pages) n A belief is an idea one accepts as being true or real. Many children have a strong belief that the Tooth Fairy really does exist. The noun belief replaced the Old English word geleafa, meaning “belief, faith,” in the late 12th century. A belief is an idea one usually holds with conviction and importance. In a religious context, the Ancient Greeks held the belief that many gods existed, controlling their fate, while Christianity began with the belief that only one God exists. You can also have belief in yourself in the face of a challenge. WORD FAMILY belief: beliefs, disbelief, unbelief+/believability: believabilities/believable: believability, believably, unbelievable/believe: belief, believable, believed, believer, believes, believing, disbelieve, misbelieve/believer: believers, nonbeliever, unbeliever/believing: believingly, believings, unbelieving/disbelief: disbeliefs/disbelieve: disbelieved, disbeliever, disbelieves, disbelieving/disbeliever: disbelievers/disbelieving: disbelievingly/misbelieve: misbelieved, misbeliever, misbelieves, misbelieving/misbeliever: misbelievers/nonbeliever: nonbelievers/unbelief: unbeliefs/unbelievable: unbelievably/unbeliever: unbelievers/unbelieving: unbelievingly USAGE EXAMPLES In 1970, Brewer sought a full term as governor based on the belief that George Wallace would not run. Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017) Dr. Appleby was part of a generation of historians who examined the ideologies and beliefs that animated the American Revolution. New York Times(Jan 02, 2017) And contrary to popular belief, research shows that adopting WTE technology does not reduce recycling rates. Salon(Jan 02, 2017) 1n any cognitive content held as true Ant\|Exp\|Hypo\|Hyper disbelief, unbelief a rejection of belief Augsburg Confession the document drawn up in 1555 to defend the catholicity of Lutheran doctrine and to justify innovations in Lutheran practice; is still in effect today Demogorgon (Greek mythology) a mysterious and terrifying deity of the underworld Hypnos (Greek mythology) the Greek god of sleep; the son of Nyx Morpheus the Roman god of sleep and dreams Amaethon the farmer god; ancient god of agriculture Ana mother of the ancient Irish gods; sometimes identified with Danu Angus Og Celtic god of love and beauty; patron deity of young men and women Arawn Celtic deity who was the lord of Annwfn (the other world or the land of fairies) Arianrhod Celtic goddess famous for her beauty; mother of Dylan Boann Celtic goddess; mother of Angus Og Brigit Celtic goddess of fire and fertility and agriculture and household arts and wisdom; later associated with Saint Bridget Dagda chief Celtic god of the Tuatha De Danann; father of Angus Og and Brigit Dana Celtic goddess who was the mother of the Tuatha De Danann; identified with the Welsh Don Don Celtic goddess; mother of Gwydion and Arianrhod; corresponds to Irish Danu Dylan Celtic god of the waves; son of Arianrhod Epona (possibly Roman mythology) Celtic goddess of horses and mules and asses Gwydion Celtic sky god; a magician; giver of arts and civilization Gwyn Celtic underworld god LLud a Celtic warrior god Llyr Celtic deity who was the father of Manawydan; corresponds to Irish Lir Lugh ancient Celtic god Manannan Celtic god of the sea; son of Ler Manawyddan Celtic sea god; son of Llyr Morrigan Celtic war goddess Amen-Ra Egyptian sun god; supreme god of the universe in whom Amen and Ra were merged; principal deity during Theban supremacy Anubis Egyptian god of tombs and ruler of the underworld; usually depicted as a man with the head of a jackal Aten the sun (or solar disc) which was the deity of a monotheistic cult under the Pharaoh Akhenaten Bast cat- or lion-headed Egyptian goddess; represents life-giving power of the sun Geb Egyptian god of the earth; father of Osiris and Isis Horus Egyptian solar god with the head of a falcon; the son of Osiris and Isis Isis Egyptian goddess of fertility; daughter of Geb; sister and wife of Osiris Khepera Egyptian god of the morning sun; creator Min an Egyptian god of procreation Nephthys Egyptian goddess associated with ritual of the dead; sister of Geb and Nut; wife of Set Nut Egyptian goddess of the sky Osiris Egyptian god of the underworld and judge of the dead; husband and brother of Isis; father of Horus Ptah a major Egyptian god; shaper of the world; father of gods and men; worshipped especially at Memphis Ra ancient Egyptian sun god with the head of a hawk; a universal creator; he merged with the god Amen as Amen-Ra to become the king of the gods Eye of Ra a lion-headed Egyptian goddess; typifies life-destroying power of the sun Seth evil Egyptian god with the head of a beast that has high square ears and a long snout; brother and murderer of Osiris Thoth Egyptian Moon deity with the head of an ibis; god of wisdom and learning and the arts; scribe of the gods Adad Babylonian god of storms and wind Adapa a Babylonian demigod or first man (sometimes identified with Adam) Anshar the Babylonian father of the gods; identified with Assyrian Ashur; in Sumerian the name signifies `the totality of the upper world' Antum Babylonian consort of Anu Anu Babylonian god of the sky; one of the supreme triad including Bel and Ea Apsu father of the gods and consort of Tiamat Aruru mother and earth goddess in Gilgamish epic; identified with Sumerian Ki and Ninkhursag Ashir chief god of the Assyrians; god of military prowess and empire; identified with Babylonian Anshar Ashtoreth an ancient Phoenician goddess of love and fertility; the Phoenician counterpart to Ishtar Mylitta Babylonian and Assyrian goddess of love and fertility and war; counterpart to the Phoenician Astarte Baal any of numerous local fertility and nature deities worshipped by ancient Semitic peoples; the Hebrews considered Baal a false god Bel Babylonian god of the earth; one of the supreme triad including Anu and Ea; earlier identified with En-lil Dagon god of agriculture and the earth; national god of Philistines Dagan god of agriculture and earth; counterpart of Phoenician Dagon Damgalnunna (Babylonian) earth goddess; consort of Ea and mother of Marduk Dumuzi Sumerian and Babylonian god of pastures and vegetation; consort of Inanna Ea the Babylonian god of wisdom; son of Apsu and father of Marduk; counterpart of the Sumerian Enki; as one of the supreme triad including Anu and Bel he was assigned control of the watery element Enki water god and god of wisdom; counterpart of the Akkadian Ea En-lil god of the air and king of the Sumerian gods Eresh-kigal goddess of death and consort of Nergal Girru the Babylonian god of fire; often invoked in incantations against sorcery Gula the Babylonian goddess of healing and consort of Ninurta Igigi any of a group of heavenly spirits under the god Anu Inanna consort of Dumuzi (Tammuz) Ki goddess personifying earth; counterpart of Akkadian Aruru Kishar Babylonian consort of Anshar; in Sumerian the name signifies `the totality of the lower world' Mama a name under which Ninkhursag was worshipped Baal Merodach the chief Babylonian god; his consort was Sarpanitu Molech god of the Canaanites and Phoenicians to whom parents sacrificed their children Nabu Babylonian god of wisdom and agriculture and patron of scribes and schools Nammu goddess personifying the primeval sea; mother of the gods and of heaven and earth Namtaru a demon personifying death; messenger of the underworld goddess Ereshkigal bringing death to mankind Nanna god of the Moon; counterpart of the Akkadian Sin Nergal (Akkadian) god ruling with his consort Ereshkigal the world of the dead Nina the Babylonian goddess of the watery deep and daughter of Ea Ningal (Akkadian) a goddess; wife of the Moon god Sin Ningirsu Babylonian god in older pantheon: god of war and agriculture Ningishzida an underworld Babylonian deity; patron of medicine Ninkharsag the great mother goddess; worshipped also as Aruru and Mama and Nintu Nintoo a name under which Ninkhursag was worshipped Ninurta a solar deity; firstborn of Bel and consort was Gula; god of war and the chase and agriculture; sometimes identified with biblical Nimrod Nusku god of fire and light; corresponds to Babylonian Girru Ramman god of storms and wind; corresponds to Babylonian Adad Sarpanitu consort of Marduk Shamash the chief sun god; drives away winter and storms and brightens the earth with greenery; drives away evil and brings justice and compassion Sin (Akkadian) god of the Moon; counterpart of Sumerian Nanna Tashmitum consort of Nabu Tiamat (Akkadian) mother of the gods and consort of Apsu Utnapishtim favorite of the gods and grandfather of Gilgamish; survived the great flood and became immortal Utug sun god; counterpart of Akkadian Shamash Zubird evil storm god represented as a black bird Aditi a Hindu goddess who releases from sin or disease; mother of the Adityas Agni (Sanskrit) Hindu god of fire in ancient and traditional India; one of the three chief deities of the Vedas Asura earlier a god; later a demon; counterpart of Zoroastrian Ahura Bhaga Hindu god of wealth and love Brahma the Creator; one of the three major deities in the later Hindu pantheon Brihaspati personification of the power of ritual devotion Bhumi Devi Hindu earth goddess; one of the two wives of Vishnu Devi Hindu mother goddess; supreme power in the universe; wife or embodiment of the female energy of Siva having both beneficent and malevolent forms or aspects Chandi malevolent aspect of Devi Durga Hindu goddess of war; a malevolent aspect of Devi Dyaus-pitar Hindu god of the sky Ganapati Hindu god of wisdom or prophecy; the god who removes obstacles Gauri in Hinduism, goddess of purity and posterity and a benevolent aspect of Devi; the `brilliant' Hanuman in Hinduism, the monkey god and helper of Rama; god of devotion and courage Indra chief Hindu god of the Rig-Veda; god of rain and thunder Ka unknown god; an epithet of Prajapati and Brahma Kali wife of Siva and malevolent form of Devi Kama Hindu god of love and erotic desire; opposite of Mara Mara Hindu god of death; opposite of Kama Karttikeya Hindu god of bravery Lakshmi Hindu goddess of fortune and prosperity Mitra Hindu god of friendship and alliances; usually invoked together with Varuna as a supporter of heaven and earth Parjanya Hindu god of rain; sometimes identified with Indra Annapurna wife of Siva and a benevolent aspect of Devi: Hindu goddess of plenty Prajapati Hindu god personifying a creative force; equivalent to Brahma Pushan celestial shepherd god; conductor of souls of the dead Rahu a Hindu demon who swallows the sun causing eclipses Rudra father of the Hindu storm gods Marut; controller of nature; sometimes identified with Siva Sarasvati Hindu goddess of learning and the arts Savitar an important Hindu god; the sun in its life-giving aspect Shakti the female or generative principle; wife of Siva and a benevolent form of Devi Shiva the destroyer; one of the three major divinities in the later Hindu pantheon Skanda Hindu god of war Surya an important god of later Hinduism; the sun god or the sun itself worshipped as the source of warmth and light Uma a benevolent aspect of Devi; `splendor' Ushas Hindu goddess of dawn; daughter of the sky and sister of the night Varuna in Vedism, god of the night sky who with his thousand eyes watches over human conduct and judges good and evil and punishes evildoers; often considered king of the Hindu gods and frequently paired with Mitra as an upholder of the world Vayu Hindu wind god Vishnu the sustainer; a Hindu divinity worshipped as the preserver of worlds Yama Hindu god of death and lord of the underworld Mithras ancient Persian god of light and truth; sun god Ahura Mazda chief deity of Zoroastrianism; source of light and embodiment of good Ahriman the spirit of evil in Zoroastrianism; arch rival of Ormazd Boddhisatva Buddhist worthy of nirvana who postpones it to help others Arhant a Buddhist who has attained nirvana Chang Kuo-lao one of the 8 immortals of Taoism Wen Ch'ang Chinese god of literature Taoist Trinity the three pure ones; the three chief gods of Taoism Heavenly Jewel a member of the Taoist Trinity Mystic Jewel a member of the Taoist Trinity Spiritual Jewel a member of the Taoist Trinity; identified with Lao-tse Kuan Yin (Buddhism) a female Bodhisattva; often called goddess of mercy and considered an aspect of the Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara; identified with Japanese Kwannon Amaterasu Omikami central deity of Shinto; goddess personifying the sun and ancestress of the rulers of Japan Hachiman a Shinto god of war Hotei one of the 7 gods of happiness Izanagi the god who fathered the islands and gods of Japan with his sister Izanami Izanami sister and consort of Izanami; mother of the islands and gods of Japan Kami one the Shinto deities (including mythological beings, spirits of distinguished men, forces of nature) Kwannon Japanese counterpart of Chinese Kuan Yin Ninigino-Mikoto grandson of Amaterasu and first ruler of Japan Supreme Being the supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions Prince of Darkness (Judeo-Christian and Islamic religions) chief spirit of evil and adversary of God; tempter of mankind; master of Hell Olympic god a classical Greek god after the overthrow of the Titans Aeolus god of the winds in ancient mythology Phoebus Apollo (Greek mythology) Greek god of light; god of prophecy and poetry and music and healing; son of Zeus and Leto; twin brother of Artemis Aphrodite goddess of love and beauty and daughter of Zeus in ancient mythology; identified with Roman Venus Urania goddess of love; counterpart of Greek Aphrodite Ares (Greek mythology) Greek god of war; son of Zeus and Hera; identified with Roman Mars Eris (Greek mythology) goddess of discord; sister of Ares Thanatos (Greek mythology) the Greek personification of death; son of Nyx Mors (Roman mythology) Roman god of death; counterpart of Thanatos Mars (Roman mythology) Roman god of war and agriculture; father of Romulus and Remus; counterpart of Greek Ares Nyx (Greek mythology) Greek goddess of the night; daughter of Chaos; counterpart of Roman Nox Artemis (Greek mythology) the virgin goddess of the hunt and the Moon; daughter of Leto and twin sister of Apollo; identified with Roman Diana Boreas (Greek mythology) the god who personified the north wind Diana (Roman mythology) virgin goddess of the hunt and the Moon; counterpart of Greek Artemis Ate goddess of criminal rashness and its punishment Pallas Athena (Greek mythology) goddess of wisdom and useful arts and prudent warfare; guardian of Athens; identified with Roman Minerva Minerva (Roman mythology) goddess of wisdom; counterpart of Greek Athena Chaos (Greek mythology) the most ancient of gods; the personification of the infinity of space preceding creation of the universe Saturn (Roman mythology) god of agriculture and vegetation; counterpart of Greek Cronus Demeter (Greek mythology) goddess of fertility and protector of marriage in ancient mythology; counterpart of Roman Ceres Ceres (Roman mythology) goddess of agriculture; counterpart of Greek Demeter Dionysus (Greek mythology) god of wine and fertility and drama; the Greek name of Bacchus Doris (Greek mythology) wife of Nereus and mother of the Nereids Aesculapius son of Apollo; a hero and the Roman god of medicine and healing; his daughters were Hygeia and Panacea Bacchus (classical mythology) god of wine; equivalent of Dionysus Erebus (Greek mythology) Greek god of darkness who dwelt in the underworld; son of Chaos; brother of Nox; father of Aether and Day Night Roman goddess of night; daughter of Erebus; counterpart of Greek Nyx Eros (Greek mythology) god of love; son of Aphrodite; identified with Roman Cupid Cupid (Roman mythology) god of love; counterpart of Greek Eros Gaea (Greek mythology) goddess of the earth and mother of Cronus and the Titans in ancient mythology Hebe (Greek mythology) the goddess of youth and spring; wife of Hercules; daughter of Zeus and Hera; cupbearer to the Olympian gods Helios (Greek mythology) ancient god of the sun; drove his chariot across the sky each day; identified with Roman Sol Sol (Roman mythology) ancient Roman god; personification of the sun; counterpart of Greek Helios Hecate (Greek mythology) Greek goddess of fertility who later became associated with Persephone as goddess of the underworld and protector of witches Hephaestus (Greek mythology) the lame god of fire and metalworking in ancient mythology; identified with Roman Vulcan Vulcan (Roman mythology) god of fire and metal working; counterpart of Greek Hephaestus Hermes (Greek mythology) messenger and herald of the gods; god of commerce and cunning and invention and theft; identified with Roman Mercury Hermaphroditus (Greek mythology) son of Hermes and Aphrodite who merged with the nymph Salmacis to form one body Mercury (Roman mythology) messenger of Jupiter and god of commerce; counterpart of Greek Hermes Hygeia (Greek mythology) the goddess of health; daughter of Aesculapius and sister of Panacea Panacea (Greek mythology) the goddess of healing; daughter of Aesculapius and sister of Hygeia Hera queen of the Olympian gods in ancient Greek mythology; sister and wife of Zeus remembered for her jealously of the many mortal women Zeus fell in love with; identified with Roman Juno Janus (Roman mythology) the Roman god of doorways and passages; is depicted with two faces on opposite sides of his head Juno (Roman mythology) queen of the Olympian gods who protected marriage; wife and sister of Jupiter; counterpart of Greek Hera Hestia (Greek mythology) the goddess of the hearth and its fire in ancient mythology; identified with Roman Vesta Vesta (Roman mythology) goddess of the hearth and its fire whose flame was tended by vestal virgins; counterpart of Greek Hestia Hymen (Greek mythology) the god of marriage Minos son of Zeus and Europa; king of ancient Crete; ordered Daedalus to build the labyrinth; after death Minos became a judge in the underworld Ariadne beautiful daughter of Minos and Pasiphae; she fell in love with Theseus and gave him the thread with which he found his way out of the Minotaur's labyrinth Clotho the Greek goddess of fate who spins the thread of life Lachesis the Greek goddess of fate who determines the length of the thread of life Atropos the Greek goddess of fate who cuts the thread of life Momos god of blame and mockery Nemesis (Greek mythology) the goddess of divine retribution and vengeance Nereus (Greek mythology) a sea god son of Pontus and Gaea; lived in the depths of the sea with his wife Doris and their daughters the Nereids Nike (Greek mythology) winged goddess of victory; identified with Roman Victoria Victoria (Roman mythology) goddess of victory; counterpart of Greek Nike Ouranos (Greek mythology) god of the heavens; son and husband of Gaea and father of the Titans in ancient mythology goat god (Greek mythology) god of fields and woods and shepherds and flocks; represented as a man with goat's legs and horns and ears; identified with Roman Sylvanus or Faunus Faunus (Roman mythology) ancient rural deity; later considered a counterpart of Greek Pan Pasiphae (Greek mythology) daughter of Helios and mother of Ariadne Poseidon (Greek mythology) the god of the sea and earthquakes in ancient mythology; brother of Zeus and Hades and Hera; identified with Roman Neptune Proteus (Greek mythology) a prophetic god who served Poseidon; was capable of changing his shape at will Neptune (Roman mythology) god of the sea; counterpart of Greek Poseidon Persephone (Greek mythology) daughter of Zeus and Demeter; made queen of the underworld by Pluto in ancient mythology; identified with Roman Proserpina Proserpina goddess of the underworld; counterpart of Greek Persephone Phaethon (Greek mythology) son of Helios; killed when trying to drive his father's chariot and came too close to earth Aidoneus (Greek mythology) the god of the underworld in ancient mythology; brother of Zeus and husband of Persephone Orcus god of the underworld; counterpart of Greek Pluto Pythoness (Greek mythology) the priestess of Apollo at Delphi who transmitted the oracles Priapus (classical mythology) god of male procreative power and guardian of gardens and vineyards Selene (Greek mythology) goddess of the Moon in ancient mythology; identified with Roman Luna Luna (Roman mythology) the goddess of the Moon; counterpart of Greek Selene Eos (Greek mythology) the winged goddess of the dawn in ancient mythology; daughter of Hyperion; identified with Roman Aurora Aurora (Roman mythology) goddess of the dawn; counterpart of Greek Eos Tellus (Roman mythology) goddess of the earth; protector of marriage and fertility; identified with Greek Gaea Titan (Greek mythology) any of the primordial giant gods who ruled the Earth until overthrown by Zeus; the Titans were offspring of Uranus (Heaven) and Gaea (Earth) Titaness (Greek mythology) any of the primordial giant goddesses who were offspring of Uranus (heaven) and Gaea (earth) in ancient mythology Triton (Greek mythology) a sea god; son of Poseidon Tyche (Greek mythology) the goddess of fortune; identified with Roman Fortuna Fortuna (Roman mythology) the goddess of fortune and good luck; counterpart of Greek Tyche Zephyr (Greek mythology) the Greek god of the west wind Zeus (Greek mythology) the supreme god of ancient Greek mythology; son of Rhea and Cronus whom he dethroned; husband and brother of Hera; brother of Poseidon and Hades; father of many gods; counterpart of Roman Jupiter Jupiter (Roman mythology) supreme god of Romans; counterpart of Greek Zeus Ops (Roman mythology) goddess of abundance and fertility; wife of Saturn; counterpart of Greek Rhea and Cybele of ancient Asia Minor Silvanus (Roman mythology) god of woods and fields and flocks; Pan is the Greek counterpart Balder (Norse mythology) god of light and peace and noted for his beauty and sweet nature; son of Odin and Frigg and husband of Nanna; killed by Hoth Brage (Norse mythology) god of poetry and music; son of Odin Elli (Norse mythology) goddess of old age who defeated Thor in a wrestling match Forseti (Norse mythology) god of justice; son of Balder and Nanna Freyr (Norse mythology) god of earth's fertility and peace and prosperity; son of Njorth and brother of Freya; originally of the Vanir; later with the Aesir Freyja (Norse mythology) goddess of love and fecundity; daughter of Njorth and sister of Frey Frigga (Norse mythology) goddess of the heavens and married love; wife of Odin Heimdallr (Norse mythology) god of dawn and light; guardian of Asgard Hela (Norse mythology) goddess of the dead and queen of the underworld Hoenir (Norse mythology) one of the Aesir having a strong and beautiful body but a dull mind Hoder (Norse mythology) a blind god; misled by Loki, he kills his brother Balder by throwing a shaft of mistletoe Ithunn (Norse mythology) goddess of spring and wife of Bragi; guarded the apples that kept the gods eternally young Loki (Norse mythology) trickster; god of discord and mischief; contrived death of Balder and was overcome by Thor Njorth (Norse mythology) chief of the Vanir; god of the sea and winds and prosperity; father of Frey and Freya; sometimes subsumes Teutonic Nerthus Odin (Norse mythology) ruler of the Aesir; supreme god of war and poetry and knowledge and wisdom (for which he gave an eye) and husband of Frigg; identified with the Teutonic Wotan Sif (Norse mythology) wife of Thor and guardian of the home Thor (Norse mythology) god of thunder and rain and farming; pictured as wielding a hammer emblematic of the thunderbolt; identified with Teutonic Donar Tyrr (Norse mythology) god of war and strife and son of Odin; identified with Anglo-Saxon Tiu Donar the Teutonic god of thunder; counterpart of Norse Thor Nerthus the Teutonic goddess of fertility; later identified with Norse Njord Wotan supreme Teutonic god; counterpart of Norse Odin and Anglo-Saxon Woden Tiu god of war and sky; counterpart of Norse Tyr Wodan chief god; counterpart of Norse Odin and Teutonic Wotan Mater Turrita great nature goddess of ancient Phrygia in Asia Minor; counterpart of Greek Rhea and Roman Ops Mephistopheles evil spirit to whom Faust sold his soul Quetzalcoatl an Aztec deity represented as a plumed serpent Zurvan the Zoroastrian god of time Saint Ambrose (Roman Catholic Church) Roman priest who became bishop of Milan; the first Church Father born and raised in the Christian faith; composer of hymns; imposed orthodoxy on the early Christian church and built up its secular power; a saint and Doctor of the Church (340?-397) Saint Andrew the Apostle (New Testament) disciple of Jesus; brother of Peter; patron saint of Scotland Saint Anselm an Italian who was a Benedictine monk; was archbishop of Canterbury from 1093 to 1109; one of the founders of scholasticism; best known for his proof of the existence of God Saint Thomas Aquinas (Roman Catholic Church) Italian theologian and Doctor of the Church who is remembered for his attempt to reconcile faith and reason in a comprehensive theology; presented philosophical proofs of the existence of God (1225-1274) Athanasius the Great (Roman Catholic Church) Greek patriarch of Alexandria who championed Christian orthodoxy against Arianism; a church father, saint, and Doctor of the Church (293-373) Augustine of Hippo (Roman Catholic Church) one of the great Fathers of the early Christian church; after a dramatic conversion to Christianity he became bishop of Hippo Regius in North Africa; St. Augustine emphasized man's need for grace (354-430) St. Basil the Great (Roman Catholic Church) the bishop of Caesarea who defended the Roman Catholic Church against the heresies of the 4th century; a saint and Doctor of the Church (329-379) Saint Thomas a Becket (Roman Catholic Church) archbishop of Canterbury from 1162 to 1170; murdered following his opposition to Henry II's attempts to control the clergy (1118-1170) the Venerable Bede (Roman Catholic Church) English monk and scholar (672-735) Saint Benedict Italian monk who founded the Benedictine order about 540 (480-547) Apostle of Germany (Roman Catholic Church) Anglo-Saxon missionary who was sent to Frisia and Germany to spread the Christian faith; was martyred in Frisia (680-754) Saint Bridget Irish abbess; a patron saint of Ireland (453-523) Saint Bruno (Roman Catholic Church) a French cleric (born in Germany) who founded the Carthusian order in 1084 (1032-1101) Domingo de Guzman (Roman Catholic Church) Spanish priest who founded an order whose members became known as Dominicans or Black Friars (circa 1170-1221) Saint Edward the Confessor son of Ethelred the Unready; King of England from 1042 to 1066; he founded Westminster Abbey where he was eventually buried (1003-1066) Saint Edward the Martyr King of England who was a son of Edgar; he was challenged for the throne by supporters of his half-brother Ethelred II who eventually murdered him (963-978) Saint Francis of Assisi (Roman Catholic Church) an Italian and the Roman Catholic monk who founded the Franciscan order of friars (1181-1226) Gregory the Great (Roman Catholic Church) an Italian pope distinguished for his spiritual and temporal leadership; a saint and Doctor of the Church (540?-604) St. Gregory of Nazianzen (Roman Catholic Church) a church father known for his constant fight against perceived heresies; a saint and Doctor of the Church (329-391) Saint Ignatius bishop of Antioch who was martyred under the Roman Emperor Trajan (died 110) Saint Ignatius of Loyola Spaniard and Roman Catholic theologian and founder of the Society of Jesus; a leading opponent of the Reformation (1491-1556) Saint Irenaeus Greek theologian who was bishop of Lyons and an antiheretical writer; a saint and Doctor of the Church (circa 130-200) Saint James the Apostle (New Testament) disciple of Jesus; brother of John; author of the Epistle of James in the New Testament Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus (Roman Catholic Church) one of the great Fathers of the early Christian Church whose major work was his translation of the Scriptures from Hebrew and Greek into Latin (which became the Vulgate); a saint and Doctor of the Church (347-420) Saint John the Apostle (New Testament) disciple of Jesus; traditionally said to be the author of the 4th Gospel and three epistles and the book of Revelation St. John Chrysostom (Roman Catholic Church) a Church Father who was a great preacher and bishop of Constantinople; a saint and Doctor of the Church (347-407) St. John the Baptist (New Testament) a preacher and hermit and forerunner of Jesus (whom he baptized); was beheaded by Herod at the request of Salome Saint Jude (New Testament) supposed brother of St. James; one of the Apostles who is invoked in prayer when a situation seems hopeless Saint Lawrence Roman martyr; supposedly Lawrence was ordered by the police to give up the church's treasure and when he responded by presenting the poor people of Rome he was roasted to death on a gridiron (died in 258) Leo the Great Italian pope from 440 to 461 who extended the authority of the papacy to the west and persuaded Attila not to attack Rome (440-461) Saint Louis king of France and son of Louis VIII; he led two unsuccessful Crusades; considered an ideal medieval king (1214-1270) Saint Luke (New Testament) the Apostle closely associated with St. Paul and traditionally assumed to be the author of the third Gospel Saint Mark Apostle and companion of Saint Peter; assumed to be the author of the second Gospel St. Martin French bishop who is a patron saint of France (died in 397) St. Mary Magdalene sinful woman Jesus healed of evil spirits; she became a follower of Jesus Saint Matthew the Apostle (New Testament) disciple of Jesus; traditionally considered to be the author of the first Gospel Saint Nicholas a bishop in Asia Minor who is associated with Santa Claus (4th century) Saint Olaf King and patron saint of Norway (995-1030) Apostle of the Gentiles (New Testament) a Christian missionary to the Gentiles; author of several Epistles in the New Testament; even though Paul was not present at the Last Supper he is considered an Apostle Saint Peter the Apostle disciple of Jesus and leader of the Apostles; regarded by Catholics as the vicar of Christ on earth and first Pope Simon the Canaanite one of the twelve Apostles (first century) Saint Teresa of Avila Spanish mystic and religious reformer; author of religious classics and a Christian saint (1515-1582) Thomas the doubting Apostle the Apostle who would not believe the resurrection of Jesus until he saw Jesus with his own eyes St. Vitus Christian martyr and patron of those who suffer from epilepsy and Sydenham's chorea (died around 300) Jagannatha an avatar of Vishnu Kalki the 10th and last incarnation of Vishnu Krishna 8th and most important avatar of Vishnu; incarnated as a handsome young man playing a flute Rama avatar of Vishnu whose name is synonymous with God; any of three incarnations: Ramachandra or Parashurama or Balarama Silenus the chief satyr in the service of Bacchus; father of Dionysus; usually depicted as drunk and jolly and riding a donkey Calliope (Greek mythology) the Muse of epic poetry Clio (Greek mythology) the Muse of history Erato (Greek mythology) the Muse of lyric and love poetry Euterpe (Greek mythology) the Muse of music (or the flute) Melpomene (Greek mythology) the Muse of tragedy Polyhymnia (Greek mythology) the Muse of singing and mime and sacred dance Terpsichore (Greek mythology) the Muse of the dance and of choral song Thalia (Greek mythology) the Muse of comedy and pastoral poetry Urania (Greek mythology) the Muse of astronomy Urth goddess of fate: a giantess who personified the past Verthandi goddess of fate: an elf who personified the present Skuld goddess of fate: a dwarf who personified the future Father Christmas the legendary patron saint of children; an imaginary being who is thought to bring presents to children at Christmas Saint Christopher Christian martyr and patron saint of travellers (3rd century) Saint Crispin patron saint of shoemakers; he and his brother were martyred for trying to spread Christianity (3rd century) Saint David patron saint of Wales (circa 520-600) Saint George Christian martyr; patron saint of England; hero of the legend of Saint George and the Dragon in which he slew a dragon and saved a princess (?-303) Saint Patrick Apostle and patron saint of Ireland; an English missionary to Ireland in the 5th century Lorelei a Siren of German legend who lured boatmen in the Rhine to destruction article of faith, conviction, strong belief an unshakable belief in something without need for proof or evidence faith, trust complete confidence in a person or plan etc doctrine, ism, philosophical system, philosophy, school of thought a belief (or system of beliefs) accepted as authoritative by some group or school philosophy any personal belief about how to live or how to deal with a situation expectation, outlook, prospect belief about (or mental picture of) the future fetichism, fetishism a belief in the magical power of fetishes (or the worship of a fetish) geneticism the belief that all human characteristics are determined genetically meliorism the belief that the world can be made better by human effort opinion, persuasion, sentiment, thought, view a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty autotelism belief that a work of art is an end in itself or its own justification originalism the belief that the United States Constitution should be interpreted in the way the authors originally intended it pacificism, pacifism the belief that all international disputes can be settled by arbitration faith, religion, religious belief a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny opinion, popular opinion, public opinion, vox populi a belief or sentiment shared by most people; the voice of the people revolutionism a belief in the spread of revolutionary principles sacerdotalism a belief that priests can act as mediators between human beings and God spiritualism the belief that the spirits of dead people can communicate with people who are still alive (especially via a medium) spiritual domain, spiritual world, unseen a belief that there is a realm controlled by a divine spirit suffragism the belief that the right to vote should be extended (as to women) supernaturalism a belief in forces beyond ordinary human understanding superstition, superstitious notion an irrational belief arising from ignorance or fear supremacism the belief that some particular group or race is superior to all others theory a belief that can guide behavior theosophism belief in theosophy thought the organized beliefs of a period or group or individual totemism belief in the kinship of a group of people with a common totem tribalism the beliefs of a tribal society values beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something) vampirism belief in the existence of vampires individualism a belief in the importance of the individual and the virtue of self-reliance and personal independence spiritual being, supernatural being an incorporeal being believed to have powers to affect the course of human events nuclear deterrence the military doctrine that an enemy will be deterred from using nuclear weapons as long as he can be destroyed as a consequence idea a personal view judgement, judgment, mind an opinion formed by judging something apophatism the religious belief that God cannot be known but is completely `other' and must be described in negative terms (in terms of what God is not) cataphatism the religious belief that God has given enough clues to be known to humans positively and affirmatively (e.g., God created Adam `in his own image') analogy, doctrine of analogy the religious belief that between creature and creator no similarity can be found so great but that the dissimilarity is always greater; any analogy between God and humans will always be inadequate cult, cultus, religious cult a system of religious beliefs and rituals cult a religion or sect that is generally considered to be unorthodox, extremist, or false ecclesiasticism religion appropriate to a church and to ecclesiastical principles and practices mysticism, religious mysticism a religion based on mystical communion with an ultimate reality nature worship a system of religion that deifies and worships natural forces and phenomena revealed religion a religion founded primarily on the revelations of God to humankind eyes opinion or judgment parti pris, preconceived idea, preconceived notion, preconceived opinion, preconception, prepossession an opinion formed beforehand without adequate evidence pole one of two divergent or mutually exclusive opinions hope, promise grounds for feeling hopeful about the future foretaste an early limited awareness of something yet to occur possibility a future prospect or potential anticipation, expectancy something expected (as on the basis of a norm) apprehension, misgiving painful expectation egoism (ethics) the theory that the pursuit of your own welfare in the basis of morality hodgepodge, jumble, patchwork a theory or argument made up of miscellaneous or incongruous ideas Cabalism, Kabbalism the doctrines of the Kabbalah mainstream the prevailing current of thought abolitionism the doctrine that calls for the abolition of slavery absolutism the doctrine of an absolute being amoralism the doctrine that moral distinctions are invalid animalism the doctrine that human beings are purely animal in nature and lacking a spiritual nature animism the doctrine that all natural objects and the universe itself have souls antiestablishmentarianism, antiestablishmentism the doctrine of opposition to the social and political establishment asceticism the doctrine that through renunciation of worldly pleasures it is possible to achieve a high spiritual or intellectual state contextualism any doctrine emphasizing the importance of the context in solving problems or establishing the meaning of terms creationism the literal belief in the account of Creation given in the Book of Genesis credo, creed any system of principles or beliefs divine right, divine right of kings the doctrine that kings derive their right to rule directly from God and are not accountable to their subjects; rebellion is the worst of political crimes dogma a doctrine or code of beliefs accepted as authoritative dualism the doctrine that reality consists of two basic opposing elements, often taken to be mind and matter (or mind and body), or good and evil dynamism any of the various theories or doctrines or philosophical systems that attempt to explain the phenomena of the universe in terms of some immanent force or energy epicureanism a doctrine of hedonism that was defended by several ancient Greek philosophers establishmentarianism, establishmentism the doctrine of supporting the social or political establishment ethicism a doctrine that ethics and ethical ideas are valid and important expansionism the doctrine of expanding the territory or the economic influence of a country formalism the doctrine that formal structure rather than content is what should be represented functionalism any doctrine that stresses utility or purpose Girondism the doctrine of the Girondists gospel a doctrine that is believed to be of great importance gymnosophy the doctrine of a sect of Hindu philosophers who practiced nudity and asceticism and meditation imitation the doctrine that representations of nature or human behavior should be accurate imitations individualism, laissez faire the doctrine that government should not interfere in commercial affairs rugged individualism individualism in social and economic affairs; belief not only in personal liberty and self-reliance but also in free competition internationalism the doctrine that nations should cooperate because their common interests are more important than their differences unilateralism the doctrine that nations should conduct their foreign affairs individualistically without the advice or involvement of other nations irredentism, irridentism the doctrine that irredenta should be controlled by the country to which they are ethnically or historically related literalism the doctrine of realistic (literal) portrayal in art or literature democracy, majority rule the doctrine that the numerical majority of an organized group can make decisions binding on the whole group monism the doctrine that reality consists of a single basic substance or element multiculturalism the doctrine that several different cultures (rather than one national culture) can coexist peacefully and equitably in a single country nationalism the doctrine that your national culture and interests are superior to any other nationalism the doctrine that nations should act independently (rather than collectively) to attain their goals nihilism a revolutionary doctrine that advocates destruction of the social system for its own sake pacificism, pacifism, passivism the doctrine that all violence is unjustifiable pluralism the doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements populism the political doctrine that supports the rights and powers of the common people in their struggle with the privileged elite presentism the doctrine that the Scripture prophecies of the Apocalypse (as in the Book of Revelations) are presently in the course of being fulfilled freethinking, rationalism the doctrine that reason is the right basis for regulating conduct reformism a doctrine of reform humanism, secular humanism the doctrine emphasizing a person's capacity for self-realization through reason; rejects religion and the supernatural humanism, humanitarianism the doctrine that people's duty is to promote human welfare egalitarianism, equalitarianism the doctrine of the equality of mankind and the desirability of political and economic and social equality feminism a doctrine that advocates equal rights for women magic, thaumaturgy any art that invokes supernatural powers occultism a belief in supernatural powers and the possibility of bringing them under human control reincarnationism a doctrine that on the death of the body the soul migrates to or is born again in another body secessionism a doctrine that maintains the right of secession secularism a doctrine that rejects religion and religious considerations dispossession, exorcism freeing from evil spirits political sympathies, politics the opinion you hold with respect to political questions phenomenology a philosophical doctrine proposed by Edmund Husserl based on the study of human experience in which considerations of objective reality are not taken into account philosophical doctrine, philosophical theory a doctrine accepted by adherents to a philosophy states' rights a doctrine that federal powers should be curtailed and returned to the individual states commandment, precept, teaching a doctrine that is taught theological doctrine the doctrine of a religious group utilitarianism doctrine that the useful is the good; especially as elaborated by Jeremy Bentham and James Mill; the aim was said to be the greatest happiness for the greatest number theism the doctrine or belief in the existence of a God or gods heathenism, pagan religion, paganism any of various religions other than Christianity or Judaism or Islamism Christian religion, Christianity a monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus as embodied in the New Testament and emphasizing the role of Jesus as savior Hindooism, Hinduism a body of religious and philosophical beliefs and cultural practices native to India and based on a caste system; it is characterized by a belief in reincarnation, by a belief in a supreme being of many forms and natures, by the view that opposing theories are aspects of one eternal truth, and by a desire for liberation from earthly evils Brahmanism, Brahminism the religious beliefs of ancient India as prescribed in the sacred Vedas and Brahmanas and Upanishads Jainism religion founded in the 6th century BC as a revolt against Hinduism; emphasizes asceticism and immortality and transmigration of the soul; denies existence of a perfect or supreme being Sikhism the doctrines of a monotheistic religion founded in northern India in the 16th century by Guru Nanak and combining elements of Hinduism and Islam Buddhism the teaching of Buddha that life is permeated with suffering caused by desire, that suffering ceases when desire ceases, and that enlightenment obtained through right conduct and wisdom and meditation releases one from desire and suffering and rebirth Hsuan Chiao, Taoism popular Chinese philosophical system based in teachings of Lao-tzu but characterized by a pantheism of many gods and the practices of alchemy and divination and magic Shinto, Shintoism the ancient indigenous religion of Japan lacking formal dogma; characterized by a veneration of nature spirits and of ancestors Manichaeanism, Manichaeism a religion founded by Manes in the third century; a synthesis of Zoroastrian dualism between light and dark and Babylonian folklore and Buddhist ethics and superficial elements of Christianity; spread widely in the Roman Empire but had largely died out by 1000 Mithraicism, Mithraism ancient Persian religion; popular among Romans during first three centuries a.d. Mazdaism, Zoroastrianism system of religion founded in Persia in the 6th century BC by Zoroaster; set forth in the Zend-Avesta; based on concept of struggle between light (good) and dark (evil) Bahaism a religion founded in Iran in 1863; emphasizes the spiritual unity of all humankind; incorporates Christian and Islamic tenets; many adherents live in the United States Asian shamanism, shamanism an animistic religion of northern Asia having the belief that the mediation between the visible and the spirit worlds is effected by shamans shamanism any animistic religion similar to Asian shamanism (especially as practiced by certain Native American tribes) Wicca the polytheistic nature religion of modern witchcraft whose central deity is a mother goddess; claims origins in pre-Christian pagan religions of western Europe amateurism the conviction that people should participate in sports as a hobby (for the fun of it) rather than for money descriptivism (linguistics) a doctrine supporting or promoting descriptive linguistics descriptivism (ethics) a doctrine holding that moral statements have a truth value prescriptivism (linguistics) a doctrine supporting or promoting prescriptive linguistics prescriptivism (ethics) a doctrine holding that moral statements prescribe appropriate attitudes and behavior church doctrine, creed, gospel, religious doctrine the written body of teachings of a religious group that are generally accepted by that group Kingdom of God the spiritual domain over which God is sovereign deity, divinity, god, immortal any supernatural being worshipped as controlling some part of the world or some aspect of life or who is the personification of a force aeon, eon (Gnosticism) a divine power or nature emanating from the Supreme Being and playing various roles in the operation of the universe angel spiritual being attendant upon God faerie, faery, fairy, fay, sprite a small being, human in form, playful and having magical powers disembodied spirit, spirit any incorporeal supernatural being that can become visible (or audible) to human beings trickster a mischievous supernatural being found in the folklore of many primitive people; sometimes distinguished by prodigious biological drives and exaggerated bodily parts millennium (New Testament) in Revelations it is foretold that those faithful to Jesus will reign with Jesus over the earth for a thousand years; the meaning of these words have been much debated; some denominations (e.g. Jehovah's Witnesses) expect it to be a thousand years of justice and peace and happiness cognitive content, content, mental object the sum or range of what has been perceived, discovered, or learned 2n a vague idea in which some confidence is placed it strengthened my belief in his sincerity Syn\|Hypo\|Hyper feeling, impression, notion, opinion presence the impression that something is present effect an impression (especially one that is artificial or contrived) first blush at the first glimpse or impression hunch, intuition, suspicion an impression that something might be the case sound effect an effect that imitates a sound called for in the script of a play special effect an effect used to produce scenes that cannot be achieved by normal techniques (especially on film) bosom, heart the locus of feelings and intuitions idea, thought the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about
随便看	pantropical pantry pantryman pants pants presser pants suit pantsuit panty panty girdle pantyhose pantywaist panzer Paola Caliari Paolo Veronese pap papa papacy Papa Doc papaia papain papal papal bull papal cross papal infallibility papal nuncio