This bacterium populates the ileum and caecum and has long been known to be a potent activator of intestinal immune responses.

Bacteriotherapy involves introducing a faecal sample from a healthy donor as a homogenate by injection into the caecum using a colonoscope.

Most commonly there is a pair of lateral caeca, which may be more or less ramified and may form a massive “hepato-pancreas” or “liver.”