| 单词 | cell |
| 释义 | cell (once / 134 pages) 1n 2n 3n 4n 5n 6n Cell has several different meanings, but all of them are similar. Whether it's in a prison or in your blood (or even in the political landscape), a cell is a small room, space, or unit. Blood is composed of countless individual cells, as are virtually all of the organs of the body: skin, liver, lungs, brain, etc. The cell is the basic unit of all biology. A cell in a prison is the room in which a prisoner lives. But did you know that a cell can also be a small group of people devoted to a larger political cause? The government's security forces are constantly on the lookout for terrorist "sleeper cells" and would love to get the members of a sleeper cell into a prison cell. WORD FAMILYcell: cell-like, cells, cellular+/cellular: cellularity, cellularly, intercellular, intracellular, multicellular, noncellular, unicellular/cellularity: hypercellularity, hypocellularity USAGE EXAMPLESThe scientists told the BBC television network that they believe the gut bacteria release chemicals that over-activate immune cells in the brain. Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017) The problem is, most people today use cell phones, Martinez, 24, said. Washington Times(Dec 31, 2016) Even when they leave their cells, inmates are handcuffed and escorted by guards. Washington Times(Dec 31, 2016) 1 n (biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals 2Hypo|Hyper recombinant a cell or organism in which genetic recombination has occurred blastomereany cell resulting from cleavage of a fertilized egg flagellated cellany cell or one-celled organism equipped with a flagellum fiber, fibreany of several elongated, threadlike cells (especially a muscle fiber or a nerve fiber) Kupffer's cellspecialized cells in the liver that destroy bacteria, foreign proteins, and worn-out blood cells beta cella cell that produces insulin in the isles of Langerhans in the pancreas somatic cell, vegetative cellany of the cells of a plant or animal except the reproductive cells; a cell that does not participate in the production of gametes blastemaa mass of undifferentiated cells from which an organ or body part develops fertilized ovum, zygote(genetics) the diploid cell resulting from the union of a haploid spermatozoon and ovum (including the organism that develops from that cell) parthenotea cell resulting from parthenogenesis embryonic cell, formative cella cell of an embryo acaryote, akaryocyte, akaryotea cell without a nucleus (as an erythrocyte) germ cell, reproductive cell, sex cella spermatozoon or an ovum; a cell responsible for transmitting DNA to the next generation gametocytean immature animal or plant cell that develops into a gamete by meiosis polar bodya small cell containing little cytoplasm that is produced along with the oocyte and later discarded Leydig cell, Leydig's cella cell in the testes that secretes the hormone testosterone Sertoli cell, Sertoli's cellelongated cells found in the seminiferous tubules of the testis; apparently they nourish the spermatids plant cella cell that is a structural and functional unit of a plant archespore, archesporiumprimitive cell or group of cells from which a mother cell develops daughter cella cell formed by the division or budding of another cell mother cellcell from which another cell of an organism (usually of a different sort) develops arthrosporeone of a string of thick walled vegetative resting cells formed by some algae and fungi arthrosporea body that resembles a spore but is not an endospore; produced by some bacteria choanocyte, collar cellany of the flagellated cells in sponges having a collar of cytoplasm around the flagellum; they maintain a flow of water through the body skin cellany of the cells making up the skin epithelial cellone of the closely packed cells forming the epithelium neoplastic cella cell that is part of tumor heterozygote(genetics) an organism having two different alleles of a particular gene and so giving rise to varying offspring homozygote(genetics) an organism having two identical alleles of a particular gene and so breeding true for the particular characteristic bone cella cell that is part of a bone blastocytean undifferentiated embryonic cell ameloblasta cell from which tooth enamel develops bone-forming cell, osteoblasta cell from which bone develops erythroblasta nucleated cell in bone marrow from which red blood cells develop fibroblasta cell from which connective tissue develops neuroblasta cell from which a nerve cell develops blood cell, blood corpuscle, corpuscleeither of two types of cells (erythrocytes and leukocytes) and sometimes including platelets phagocyte, scavenger cella cell that engulfs and digests debris and invading microorganisms visual cellone of the cells of the retina that is sensitive to light adipose cell, fat cellcells composed of fat gametea mature sexual reproductive cell having a single set of unpaired chromosomes oocytea female gametocyte that develops into an ovum after two meiotic divisions spermatocytea male gametocyte that develops into four spermatids muscle cell, muscle fiber, muscle fibrean elongated contractile cell that forms the muscles of the body nerve fiber, nerve fibrea threadlike extension of a nerve cell Schwann cellany cell that covers the nerve fibers in the peripheral nervous system and forms the myelin sheath nerve cell, neurona cell that is specialized to conduct nerve impulses glial cell, neurogliacyte, neuroglial cella cell of the neuroglia hybridomaa hybrid cell resulting from the fusion of a lymphocyte and a tumor cell; used to culture a specific monoclonal antibody labrocyte, mast cell, mastocytea large connective tissue cell that contains histamine and heparin and serotonin which are released in allergic reactions or in response to injury or inflammation stem cellan undifferentiated cell whose daughter cells may differentiate into other cell types (such as blood cells) target cellany cell that has a specific receptor for an antigen or antibody or hormone or drug, or is the focus of contact by a virus or phagocyte or nerve fiber etc. spore mother cellcell from which a spore develops animate thing, living thing a living (or once living) entity 1n small room in which a monk or nun lives Syn|Hyper cubicle room an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling 2n a room where a prisoner is kept 3Syn|Hypo|Hyper jail cell, prison cell bullpen, detention cell, detention centre a large cell where prisoners (people awaiting trial or sentence or refugees or illegal immigrants) are confined together temporarily cooler, tanka cell for violent prisoners dungeona dark cell (usually underground) where prisoners can be confined guardrooma cell in which soldiers who are prisoners are confined hold, keepa cell in a jail or prison sweatboxsmall or narrow cell oubliettea dungeon with the only entrance or exit being a trap door in the ceiling room an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling n any small compartment 4the cells of a honeycomb Hyper compartment a space into which an area is subdivided n a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement 5Syn|Hypo|Hyper cadre sleeper cell a cell of sleepers radical cell, terrorist cella cell of terrorists (usually 3 to 5 members) operational cella terrorist cell that performs clandestine activities intelligence cella terrorist cell whose members are trained to perform reconnaissance and surveillance auxiliary cella terrorist cell responsible for logistics; usually large and less compartmentalized than other terrorist cells political entity, political unit a unit with political responsibilities n a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction 6Syn|Hypo|Hyper electric cell electrolytic cell a cell containing an electrolyte in which an applied voltage causes a reaction to occur that would not occur otherwise (such as the breakdown of water into hydrogen and oxygen) fuel cellcell that produces electricity by oxidation of fuel (hydrogen and oxygen or zinc and air); often used in electric cars photovoltaic cell, solar cella cell that converts solar energy into electrical energy secondary cell, storage cella cell that can be recharged galvanic cell, primary cell, voltaic cellan electric cell that generates an electromotive force by an irreversible conversion of chemical to electrical energy; cannot be recharged Leclanche cellvoltaic cell that produces approximately 1.5 volts mercury cella primary cell consisting of a zinc anode and a cathode of mercury oxide and an electrolyte of potassium hydroxide standard cella primary cell used as a standard of electromotive force wet cella primary voltaic cell having a liquid electrolyte electrical device a device that produces or is powered by electricity n a hand-held mobile radiotelephone for use in an area divided into small sections, each with its own short-range transmitter/receiver Syn|Hyper cellphone, cellular phone, cellular telephone, mobile phone radiophone, radiotelephone, wireless telephone a telephone that communicates by radio waves rather than along cables |
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