| 单词 | chemical action |
| 释义 | chemical action (once / 12325 pages) n WORD FAMILY chemical action: chemical actions USAGE EXAMPLESThe first gave rise to heat, the second to light and the third to chemical action. Various, Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edit...(2012) Instances of the conversion of electricity into magnetism and chemical action are familiar to everybody. Rameur, E., The Catholic World; Volume I, Issue...(2012) Oxygen, as is well-known, produces exceptionally strong effects, which may be in part due to chemical action. Martin, Thomas Commerford, The inventions, researches and writ...(2012) n (chemistry) any process determined by the atomic and molecular composition and structure of the substances involved Syn|Hypo|Hyper chemical change, chemical process acylation the process of introducing an acyl group into a compound agglutinating activity, agglutinationthe coalescing of small particles that are suspended in solution; these larger masses are then (usually) precipitated amylolysisconversion of starch to sugar association(chemistry) any process of combination (especially in solution) that depends on relatively weak chemical bonding blueing, bluinga process that makes something blue (or bluish) calcificationa process that impregnates something with calcium (or calcium salts) catalysis, contact actionacceleration of a chemical reaction induced the presence of material that is chemically unchanged at the end of the reaction chelationthe process of forming a ring by forming one or more hydrogen bonds chemical reaction, reaction(chemistry) a process in which one or more substances are changed into others chlorinationthe addition or substitution of chlorine in organic compounds cleavagethe breaking of a chemical bond in a molecule resulting in smaller molecules corroding, corrosion, erosionerosion by chemical action crackingthe process whereby heavy molecules of naphtha or petroleum are broken down into hydrocarbons of lower molecular weight (especially in the oil-refining process) deamination, deaminizationremoval of the amino radical from an amino acid or other amino compound decalcificationloss of calcium from bones or teeth decarboxylationthe process of removing a carboxyl group from a chemical compound (usually replacing it with hydrogen) de-iodinationthe removal of iodine atoms from organic compounds demineralisation, demineralizationthe removal of minerals and mineral salts from a liquid (especially from water) desalination, desalinisation, desalinizationthe removal of salt (especially from sea water) digestionthe process of decomposing organic matter (as in sewage) by bacteria or by chemical action or heat dissociation(chemistry) the temporary or reversible process in which a molecule or ion is broken down into smaller molecules or ions gasificationthe process of changing into gas gassingthe process of interacting with gas hydrogenationa chemical process that adds hydrogen atoms to an unsaturated oil intumescence, intumescency, swellingthe increase in volume of certain substances when they are heated (often accompanied by release of water) inversiona chemical process in which the direction of optical rotation of a substance is reversed from dextrorotatory to levorotary or vice versa iodinationthe substitution or addition of iodine atoms in organic compounds chemical mechanism, mechanismthe atomic process that occurs during a chemical reaction nitrificationthe chemical process in which a nitro group is added to an organic compound (or substituted for another group in an organic compound) peptisation, peptizationthe process of converting to a sol; bringing to a colloidal solution photosynthesissynthesis of compounds with the aid of radiant energy (especially in plants) polymerisation, polymerizationa chemical process that combines several monomers to form a polymer or polymeric compound precipitationthe process of forming a chemical precipitate proteolysisthe hydrolysis of proteins into peptides and amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds pyrochemical process, pyrochemistryprocesses for chemical reactions at high temperatures sequestrationthe action of forming a chelate or other stable compound with an ion or atom or molecule so that it is no longer available for reactions synaeresis, syneresisthe separation of liquid from a gel that is caused by contraction (as in cheese making) synthesisthe process of producing a chemical compound (usually by the union of simpler chemical compounds) transaminationthe process of transfering an amino group from one compound to another transaminationthe process of transposing an amino group within a chemical compound ferment, fermentation, fermenting, zymolysis, zymosisa process in which an agent causes an organic substance to break down into simpler substances; especially, the anaerobic breakdown of sugar into alcohol acetylationthe process of introducing an acetyl group into a compound addition reactiona chemical reaction in which one molecule is added to another aldol reactiona reaction of aldehydes resulting in an aldol autocatalysiscatalysis in which the catalyst is one of the products of the reaction biochemical mechanisma chemical mechanism involved in vital processes occurring in living organisms biogenesis, biosynthesisproduction of a chemical compound by a living organism bottom fermentationa slow kind of alcoholic fermentation at a temperature low enough that the yeast cells can sink to the bottom of the fermenting liquid; used in the production of lager chain reactiona series of chemical reactions in which the product of one is a reactant in the next chemical equilibrium, equilibriuma chemical reaction and its reverse proceed at equal rates chemosynthesissynthesis of carbohydrate from carbon dioxide and water; limited to certain bacteria and fungi chemical decomposition reaction, decomposition, decomposition reaction(chemistry) separation of a substance into two or more substances that may differ from each other and from the original substance displacement, displacement reaction(chemistry) a reaction in which an elementary substance displaces and sets free a constituent element from a compound double decomposition, double decomposition reaction, metathesisa chemical reaction between two compounds in which parts of each are interchanged to form two new compounds (AB+CD=AD+CB) elimination reactiona chemical reaction in which a molecule decomposes to two different molecules endothermic reactiona chemical reaction accompanied by the absorption of heat exothermic reactiona chemical reaction accompanied by the evolution of heat hydrationthe process of combining with water; usually reversible hydrocrackingthe process whereby hydrocarbon molecules of petroleum are broken down into kerosene and gasolene by the addition of hydrogen under high pressure in the presence of a catalyst hydrolysisa chemical reaction in which water reacts with a compound to produce other compounds; involves the splitting of a bond and the addition of the hydrogen cation and the hydroxide anion from the water neutralisation, neutralisation reaction, neutralization, neutralization reactiona chemical reaction in which an acid and a base interact with the formation of a salt; with strong acids and bases the essential reaction is the combination of hydrogen ions with hydroxyl ions to form water nucleosynthesis(astronomy) the cosmic synthesis of atoms more complex than the hydrogen atom ossificationthe calcification of soft tissue into a bonelike material oxidation, oxidisation, oxidizationthe process of oxidizing; the addition of oxygen to a compound with a loss of electrons; always occurs accompanied by reduction oxidation-reduction, oxidoreduction, redoxa reversible chemical reaction in which one reaction is an oxidation and the reverse is a reduction photochemical reactiona chemical reaction produced by the action of light indentation, pitting, roughnessthe formation of small pits in a surface as a consequence of corrosion prechlorinationchlorination prior to another chemical process reducing, reductionany process in which electrons are added to an atom or ion (as by removing oxygen or adding hydrogen); always occurs accompanied by oxidation of the reducing agent rust, rustingthe formation of reddish-brown ferric oxides on iron by low-temperature oxidation in the presence of water saponificationa chemical reaction in which an ester is heated with an alkali (especially the alkaline hydrolysis of a fat or oil to make soap) solvationa chemical process in which solvent molecules and molecules or ions of the solute combine to form a compound top fermentationa violent kind of alcoholic fermentation at a temperature high enough to carry the yeast cells to the top of the fermenting liquid; used in the production of ale vinificationthe process whereby fermentation changes grape juice into wine action, activity, natural action, natural process a process existing in or produced by nature (rather than by the intent of human beings) |
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