| 单词 | stimulus |
| 释义 | stimulus (once / 204 pages) n A stimulus causes an action or response, like the ringing of your alarm clock if you didn't sleep through it. Stimulus is a word often used in biology — something that causes a reaction in an organ or cell, for example. In financial and economic contexts, a stimulus may be an incentive: the money you spend on your membership is a stimulus for hitting the gym. Though it can be a synonym for stimulant, they are not always used interchangeably. A stimulant is often a chemical or drug that increases activity — think caffeine. For more than one stimulus, use stimuli, not stimuluses. WORD FAMILYstimulus: stimulate, stimuli+/stimulate: stimulated, stimulates, stimulating, stimulation, stimulative/stimulating: stimulatingly, unstimulating/stimulation: self-stimulation, stimulations USAGE EXAMPLES“You need offsetting stimulus policies to keep the economy growing,” he said. New York Times(Jan 02, 2017) The last time mass protectionism was tried as economic stimulus was the 1930s; the experiment did not end well. Washington Post(Jan 01, 2017) Interest waned when, in lieu of detailed spending plans, Trump allies suggested the stimulus would consist of tax breaks. Washington Post(Jan 01, 2017) n any stimulating information or event; acts to arouse action Syn|Hypo|Hyper input, stimulant, stimulation elicitation, evocation, induction stimulation that calls up (draws forth) a particular class of behaviors kickthe sudden stimulation provided by strong drink (or certain drugs) turn-onsomething causing excitement or stimulating interest negative stimulation, turnoffsomething causing antagonism or loss of interest conditioned stimulusthe stimulus that is the occasion for a conditioned response reinforcement, reinforcer, reinforcing stimulus(psychology) a stimulus that strengthens or weakens the behavior that produced it cue, discriminative stimulusa stimulus that provides information about what to do positive stimulusa stimulus with desirable consequences negative stimulusa stimulus with undesirable consequences positive reinforcer, positive reinforcing stimulusa reinforcing stimulus that serves to increase the likelihood of the response that produces it negative reinforcer, negative reinforcing stimulusa reinforcing stimulus whose removal serves to decrease the likelihood of the response that produced it bonus, fillipanything that tends to arouse delight, joy, pleasuresomething or someone that provides a source of happiness annoyance, bother, botheration, infliction, pain, pain in the ass, pain in the necksomething or someone that causes trouble; a source of unhappiness aversive stimulusany negative stimulus to which an organism will learn to make a response that avoids it concern, headache, vexation, worrysomething or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness grief, sorrowsomething that causes great unhappiness information knowledge acquired through study or experience or instruction |
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