Barbara Sahakian, president of the International Neuroethics Society and a psychiatry professor at Cambridge, wonders what such brain tinkering portends.

The emerging academic discipline of neuroethics has been driven, in part, by the recognition that introducing brain scans as legal evidence is fraught with peril. 

Aside from memory alteration, the field of neuroethics considers issues of cognitive enhancement, borderline consciousness and agency, moral responsibility, and high-resolution brain imaging.