| 单词 | herbaceous plant |
| 释义 | herbaceous plant (once / 30075 pages) n WORD FAMILY herbaceous plant: herbaceous plants USAGE EXAMPLESThey can also be squeezed in between other herbaceous plants as textural highlights. Washington Post(Aug 17, 2015) Reintroducing native forbs - the broad-leafed herbaceous plants - will increase diversity, and not just among plants. Washington Times(Sep 22, 2014) Hence, the birds also need understory trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants. Washington Post(Jul 10, 2014) n a plant lacking a permanent woody stem; many are flowering garden plants or potherbs; some having medicinal properties; some are pests Syn|Hypo|Hyper herb Epimedium grandiflorum, barrenwort, bishop's hat slow-growing creeping plant with semi-evergreen leaves on erect wiry stems; used as ground cover May apple, Podophyllum peltatum, mayapple, wild mandrakeNorth American herb with poisonous root stock and edible though insipid fruit butter-flower, buttercup, butterflower, crowfoot, goldcup, kingcupany of various plants of the genus Ranunculus Coptis groenlandica, Coptis trifolia groenlandica, golden thread, goldthreadlow-growing perennial of North America woodlands having trifoliate leaves and yellow rootstock and white flowers Eranthis hyemalis, winter aconitesmall Old World perennial herb grown for its bright yellow flowers which appear in early spring often before snow is gone hepatica, liverleafany of several plants of the genus Hepatica having three-lobed leaves and white or pinkish flowers in early spring; of moist and mossy subalpine woodland areas of north temperate regions Hydrastis Canadensis, golden seal, goldenseal, turmeric root, yellow rootperennial herb of northeastern United States having a thick knotted yellow rootstock and large rounded leaves Isopyrum biternatum, false rue, false rue anemoneslender erect perennial of eastern North America having tuberous roots and pink-tinged white flowers; resembles meadow rue Laccopetalum giganteum, giant buttercupspectacular perennial native of wet montane grasslands of Peru; formerly included in genus Ranunculus Trautvetteria carolinensis, false bugbanetall perennial of the eastern United States having large basal leaves and white summer flowers globe flower, globeflowerany of several plants of the genus Trollius having globose yellow flowers legume, leguminous plantan erect or climbing bean or pea plant of the family Leguminosae clover, trefoila plant of the genus Trifolium Cape periwinkle, Catharanthus roseus, Madagascar periwinkle, Vinca rosea, cayenne jasmine, old maid, periwinkle, red periwinkle, rose periwinklecommonly cultivated Old World woody herb having large pinkish to red flowers aroid, arumany plant of the family Araceae; have small flowers massed on a spadix surrounded by a large spathe Panax ginseng, Panax pseudoginseng, Panax schinseng, ginseng, nin-sinChinese herb with palmately compound leaves and small greenish flowers and forked aromatic roots believed to have medicinal powers American ginseng, Panax quinquefolius, sangNorth American woodland herb similar to and used as substitute for the Chinese ginseng wild gingerlow-growing perennial herb with pungent gingery leaves and rhizomes Asarum shuttleworthii, heart-leaf, heartleafwild ginger having persistent heart-shaped pungent leaves; West Virginia to Alabama caryophyllaceous planta plant of the family Caryophyllaceae chickweed, clammy chickweed, mouse ear, mouse eared chickweed, mouse-ear chickweedany of various plants related to the common chickweed drypisspiny-leaved perennial herb of southern Europe having terminal clusters of small flowers Illecebrum verticullatum, coral necklaceglabrous annual with slender taproot and clusters of white flowers; western Europe especially western Mediterranean and Atlantic coastal areas chickweedany of various plants of the genus Stellaria New Zealand spinach, Tetragonia expansa, Tetragonia tetragonioidescoarse sprawling Australasian plant with red or yellow flowers; cultivated for its edible young shoots and succulent leaves amaranthany of various plants of the genus Amaranthus having dense plumes of green or red flowers; often cultivated for food Amaranthus spinosus, thorny amarantherect annual of tropical central Asia and Africa having a pair of divergent spines at most leaf nodes Celosia argentea, red foxweedy annual with spikes of silver-white flowers Celosia argentea cristata, Celosia cristata, cockscomb, common cockscombgarden annual with featherlike spikes of red or yellow flowers cottonweedany of various plants of the genus Froelichia found in sandy soils and on rocky slopes in warmer regions of America; grown for their spikes of woolly white flowers goosefootany of various weeds of the genus Chenopodium having small greenish flowers orach, oracheany of various herbaceous plants of the genus Atriplex that thrive in deserts and salt marshes Halogeton glomeratus, halogetona coarse annual herb introduced into North America from Siberia; dangerous to sheep and cattle on western rangelands because of its high oxalate content Halogeton souda, barillaAlgerian plant formerly burned to obtain calcium carbonate Salicornia europaea, glasswort, samphirefleshy maritime plant having fleshy stems with rudimentary scalelike leaves and small spikes of minute flowers; formerly used in making glass pokeweedperennial of the genus Phytolacca purslanea plant of the family Portulacaceae having fleshy succulent obovate leaves often grown as a potherb or salad herb; a weed in some areas rock purslanea plant of the genus Calandrinia Indian lettucea plant of the genus Montia having edible pleasant-tasting leaves cleome, spiderflowerany of various often strong-smelling plants of the genus Cleome having showy spider-shaped flowers Polanisia dodecandra, Polanisia graveolens, clammyweedstrong-scented herb common in southern United States covered with intermixed gland and hairs crucifer, cruciferous plantany of various plants of the family Cruciferae stone cress, stonecressany Old World herb of the genus Aethionema; native of sunny limestone habitats Armoracia rusticana, horse radish, horseradish, red colecoarse Eurasian plant cultivated for its thick white pungent root Berteroa incana, hoary alison, hoary alyssumtall European annual with downy grey-green foliage and dense heads of small white flowers followed by hairy pods; naturalized in North America; sometimes a troublesome weed Cakile maritima, sea-rocketsalt-tolerant seashore annual grown for its fragrant rose or violet flowers and fleshy grey-green foliage Crambe maritima, sea cole, sea kaleperennial of coastal sands and shingles of northern Europe and Baltic and Black Seas having racemes of small white flowers and large fleshy blue-green leaves often used as potherbs Descurainia pinnata, tansy mustardNorth American herb with bitter-tasting pinnate leaves resembling those of tansy Diplotaxis muralis, Diplotaxis tenuifolia, wall rocketyellow-flowered European plant that grows on old walls and in waste places; an adventive weed in North America Diplotaxis erucoides, white rocketfrom Mediterranean region; a naturalized weed throughout southern Europe drabaany of numerous low-growing cushion-forming plants of the genus Draba having rosette-forming leaves and terminal racemes of small flowers with scapose or leafy stems; fruit is a dehiscent oblong or linear silique Eruca sativa, Eruca vesicaria sativa, arugula, garden rocket, rocket, rocket salad, roquetteerect European annual often grown as a salad crop to be harvested when young and tender Hugueninia tanacetifolia, Sisymbrium tanacetifolia, tansy-leaved rocketperennial stellate and hairy herb with small yellow flowers of mountains of southern Europe; sometimes placed in genus Sisymbrium woadany of several herbs of the genus Isatis bladderpodany of several hairy North American herbs having yellow racemose flowers and inflated pods Lunaria annua, honesty, money plant, satin flower, satinpod, silver dollarsoutheastern European plant cultivated for its fragrant purplish flowers and round flat papery silver-white seedpods that are used for indoor decoration bladderpodany of several plants of the genus Physaria having racemose yellow flowers and inflated pods Lepidium alpina, Pritzelago alpina, chamois cresssmall tufted perennial herb of mountains of central and southern Europe having very small flowers of usually leafless stems; sometimes placed in genus Lepidium Sisymbrium officinale, hedge mustardstiffly branching Old World annual with pale yellow flowers; widely naturalized in North America; formerly used medicinally fringepod, lacepodannual herb having pinnatifid basal leaves and slender racemes of small white flowers followed by one-seeded winged silicles bladderpodannual or perennial herbs with inflated seed pods; some placed in genus Lesquerella wasabia Japanese plant of the family Cruciferae with a thick green root argemone, devil's fig, prickly poppy, white thistleany plant of the genus Argemone having large white or yellow flowers and prickly leaves and stems and pods; chiefly of tropical America Sanguinaria canadensis, bloodroot, puccoon, redroot, tetterwortperennial woodland native of North America having a red root and red sap and bearing a solitary lobed leaf and white flower in early spring and having acrid emetic properties; rootstock used as a stimulant and expectorant Fumaria officinalis, fumeroot, fumewort, fumitorydelicate European herb with greyish leaves and spikes of purplish flowers; formerly used medicinally Dicentra spectabilis, bleeding heart, lyre-flower, lyreflowergarden plant having deep-pink drooping heart-shaped flowers Dicentra cucullaria, Dutchman's breechesdelicate spring-flowering plant of the eastern United States having white flowers with double spurs Dicentra canadensis, squirrel cornAmerican plant with cream-colored flowers and tuberous roots resembling kernels of corn achilleaany of several plants of the genus Achillea native to Europe and having small white flowers in flat-topped flower heads Ageratina altissima, Eupatorium rugosum, white sanicle, white snakerootAmerican herb having flat-topped clusters of small white flower heads; reputedly a cause of trembles and milk sickness; sometimes placed in genus Eupatorium Anacyclus pyrethrum, pellitory, pellitory-of-Spaina small Mediterranean plant containing a volatile oil once used to relieve toothache andryalaany plant of the genus Andryala having milky sap and heads of bright yellow flowers Antennaria plantaginifolia, ladies' tobacco, lady's tobaccoNorth American perennial propagated by means of runners Antennaria dioica, cat's feet, cat's foot, pussytoeslow-growing perennial herb having leaves with whitish down and clusters of small white flowers arnicaany of various rhizomatous usually perennial plants of the genus Arnica Arnoseris minima, dwarf nipplewort, lamb succorysmall European herb with small yellow flowers Ayapana triplinervis, Eupatorium aya-pana, ayapanalow spreading tropical American shrub with long slender leaves used to make a mildly stimulating drink resembling tea; sometimes placed in genus Eupatorium balsamroota plant of the genus Balsamorhiza having downy leaves in a basal rosette and yellow flowers and long balsam-scented taproots Indian plantainany of various plants of the genus Cacalia having leaves resembling those of plantain Carthamus tinctorius, false saffron, safflowerthistlelike Eurasian plant widely grown for its red or orange flower heads and seeds that yield a valuable oil Anthemis nobilis, Chamaemelum nobilis, camomile, chamomileEurasian plant with apple-scented foliage and white-rayed flowers and feathery leaves used medicinally; in some classification systems placed in genus Anthemis chaenactisany of several United States plants having long stalks of funnel-shaped white or yellow flowers Cichorium intybus, chicory, chicory plant, succoryperennial Old World herb having rayed flower heads with blue florets cultivated for its root and its heads of crisp edible leaves used in salads Cichorium endivia, endive, witloofwidely cultivated herb with leaves valued as salad green; either curly serrated leaves or broad flat ones that are usually blanched coreopsis, tick-weed, tickseed, tickweedany of numerous plants of the genus Coreopsis having a profusion of showy usually yellow daisylike flowers over long periods; North and South America leopard's-bane, leopardbaneany of several herbs of the genus Doronicum having alternate often clasping stem leaves cultivated for their long stalks of yellow flower heads globe thistleany of various plants of the genus Echinops having prickly leaves and dense globose heads of bluish flowers elephant's-footany plant of the genus Elephantopus having heads of blue or purple flowers; America Cacalia javanica, Cacalia lutea, Emilia coccinea, Emilia flammea, Emilia javanica, tassel flowertropical African annual having scarlet tassel-shaped flower heads; sometimes placed in genus Cacalia Emilia sagitta, tassel flowertropical Asiatic annual cultivated for its small tassel-shaped heads of scarlet flowers Eupatorium cannabinum, hemp agrimonycoarse European herb with palmately divided leaves and clusters of small reddish-purple flower heads Eupatorium capillifolium, dog fennelweedy plant of southeastern United States having divided leaves and long clusters of greenish flowers Eupatorium maculatum, Joe-Pye weed, spotted Joe-Pye weedNorth American herb having whorled leaves and terminal clusters of small pinkish or purple flower heads Eupatorium perfoliatum, agueweed, boneset, thoroughwortperennial herb of southeastern United States having white-rayed flower heads; formerly used as in folk medicine Eupatorium purpureum, Joe-Pye weed, marsh milkweed, purple boneset, trumpet weedNorth American herb having whorled leaves and terminal clusters of flowers spotted with purple gum plant, gumweed, rosinweed, tarweedany of various western American plants of the genus Grindelia having resinous leaves and stems formerly used medicinally; often poisonous to livestock Haastia pulvinaris, sheep plant, vegetable sheepcushion-forming New Zealand herb having leaves densely covered with tawny hairs sneezeweedany of various plants of the genus Helenium characteristically causing sneezing hawkweedany of numerous often hairy plants of the genus Hieracium having yellow or orange flowers that resemble the dandelion Homogyne alpina, Tussilago alpina, alpine coltsfootrhizomatous herb with purple-red flowers suitable for groundcover; sometimes placed in genus Tussilago inulaany plant of the genus Inula krigiaany small branched yellow-flowered North American herb of the genus Krigia lettuceany of various plants of the genus Lactuca leopard plantany of various plants of temperate Eurasia; grown for their yellow flowers and handsome foliage tarweedany of various resinous glandular plants of the genus Madia; of western North and South America German chamomile, Matricaria chamomilla, Matricaria recutita, sweet false chamomile, wild chamomileannual Eurasian herb similar in fragrance and medicinal uses to chamomile though taste is more bitter and effect is considered inferior Matricaria matricarioides, pineapple weed, rayless chamomileannual aromatic weed of Pacific coastal areas (United States and northeastern Asia) having bristle-pointed leaves and rayless yellow flowers rattlesnake roota plant of the genus Nabalus Nabalus serpentarius, Prenanthes serpentaria, gall of the earth, lion's footcommon perennial herb widely distributed in the southern and eastern United States having drooping clusters of pinkish flowers and thick basal leaves suggesting a lion's foot in shape; sometimes placed in genus Prenanthes butterweedany of several yellow-flowered plants of the genus Packera; often placed in genus Senecio Packera aurea, Senecio aureus, golden groundsel, golden ragwortweedy herb of the eastern United States to Texas having golden-yellow flowers; sometimes becomes invasive; sometimes placed in genus Senecio Petasites hybridus, Petasites vulgaris, bog rhubarb, butterbursmall Eurasian herb having broad leaves and lilac-pink rayless flowers; found in moist areas Petasites fragrans, sweet coltsfoot, winter heliotropeEuropean herb with vanilla-scented white-pink flowers Petasites sagitattus, sweet coltsfootAmerican sweet-scented herb hawkweedany of various plants of the genus Pilosella steviaany plant of the genus Piqueria or the closely related genus Stevia Prenanthes purpurea, rattlesnake rootherb of central and southern Europe having purple florets Pteropogon humboltianum, pteropogonsouthern Australian plant having feathery hairs surrounding the fruit Pulicaria dysenterica, feabane mullet, fleabanehairy perennial Eurasian herb with yellow daisylike flowers reputed to destroy or drive away fleas Raoulia australis, Raoulia lutescens, sheep plant, vegetable sheepperennial prostrate mat-forming herb with hoary woolly foliage Sanvitalia procumbens, creeping zinnialow-branching leafy annual with flower heads resembling zinnias; found in southwestern United States and Mexico to Guatemala Saussurea costus, Saussurea lappa, costusrootannual herb of the eastern Himalayas (Kashmir) having purple florets and a fragrant root that yields a volatile oil used in perfumery and for preserving furs Scorzonera hispanica, black salsify, scorzonera, viper's grassperennial south European herb having narrow entire leaves and solitary yellow flower heads and long black edible roots shaped like carrots Serratula tinctoria, sawwortEuropean perennial whose serrate leaves yield a yellow dye Our Lady's mild thistle, Silybum marianum, blessed thistle, holy thistle, lady's thistle, milk thistletall Old World biennial thistle with large clasping white-blotched leaves and purple flower heads; naturalized in California and South America steviaany plant of the genus Stevia or the closely related genus Piqueria having glutinous foliage and white or purplish flowers; Central and South America Chrysanthemum balsamita, Tanacetum balsamita, alecost, balsam herb, bible leaf, costmary, mint geraniumtansy-scented Eurasian perennial herb with buttonlike yellow flowers; used as potherb or salad green and sometimes for potpourri or tea or flavoring; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum Tanacetum camphoratum, camphor dune tansydensely hairy plant with rayless flowers; San Francisco Bay area Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium, Dalmatia pyrethrum, Dalmatian pyrethrum, Tanacetum cinerariifolium, pyrethrumwhite-flowered pyrethrum of Balkan area whose pinnate leaves are white and silky-hairy below; source of an insecticide; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum Chrysanthemum parthenium, Tanacetum parthenium, feverfewbushy aromatic European perennial herb having clusters of buttonlike white-rayed flower heads; valued traditionally for medicinal uses; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum blowball, dandelionany of several herbs of the genus Taraxacum having long tap roots and deeply notched leaves and bright yellow flowers followed by fluffy seed balls Tragopogon porrifolius, oyster plant, salsify, vegetable oysterMediterranean biennial herb with long-stemmed heads of purple ray flowers and milky sap and long edible root; naturalized throughout United States Trilisa odoratissima, wild vanillaperennial of southeastern United States with leaves having the fragrance of vanilla Matricaria inodorum, Tripleurospermum inodorum, corn mayweed, scentless camomile, scentless false camomile, scentless hayweed, scentless mayweedubiquitous European annual weed with white flowers and finely divided leaves naturalized and sometimes cultivated in eastern North America; sometimes included in genus Matricaria Matricaria oreades, Tripleurospermum oreades tchihatchewii, turfing daisymat-forming perennial herb of Asia Minor; sometimes included in genus Matricaria Matricaria tchihatchewii, Tripleurospermum tchihatchewii, turfing daisylow densely tufted perennial herb of Turkey having small white flowers; used as a ground cover in dry places; sometimes included in genus Matricaria Tussilago farfara, coltsfootperennial herb with large rounded leaves resembling a colt's foot and yellow flowers appearing before the leaves do; native to Europe but now nearly cosmopolitan; used medicinally especially formerly ironweed, vernoniaany of various plants of the genus Vernonia of tropical and warm regions of especially North America that take their name from their loose heads of purple to rose flowers that quickly take on a rusty hue loasaany of various perennial South American plants of the genus Loasa having stinging hairs and showy white or yellow or reddish-orange flowers bellflower, campanulaany of various plants of the genus Campanula having blue or white bell-shaped flowers primrose, primulaany of numerous short-stemmed plants of the genus Primula having tufted basal leaves and showy flowers clustered in umbels or heads pimpernelany of several plants of the genus Anagallis Glaux maritima, black saltwort, sea milkwort, sea trifolya small fleshy herb common along North American seashores and in brackish marshes having pink or white flowers loosestrifeany of various herbs and subshrubs of the genus Lysimachia plumbagoany plumbaginaceous plant of the genus Plumbago graminaceous plant, gramineous plantcosmopolitan herbaceous or woody plants with hollow jointed stems and long narrow leaves herbage, pasturagesucculent herbaceous vegetation of pasture land bur reedmarsh plant having elongated linear leaves and round prickly fruit lobeliaany plant or flower of the genus Lobelia Abelmoschus esculentus, Hibiscus esculentus, gumbo, lady's-finger, okra, okra planttall coarse annual of Old World tropics widely cultivated in southern United States and West Indies for its long mucilaginous green pods used as basis for soups and stews; sometimes placed in genus Hibiscus vegetableany of various herbaceous plants cultivated for an edible part such as the fruit or the root of the beet or the leaf of spinach or the seeds of bean plants or the flower buds of broccoli or cauliflower simpleany herbaceous plant having medicinal properties Galax urceolata, beetleweed, coltsfoot, galax, galaxy, wandflowertufted evergreen perennial herb having spikes of tiny white flowers and glossy green round to heart-shaped leaves that become coppery to maroon or purplish in fall pyrola, wintergreenany of several evergreen perennials of the genus Pyrola pipsissewa, prince's pineany of several plants of the genus Chimaphila Moneses uniflora, Pyrola uniflora, one-flowered pyrola, one-flowered wintergreendelicate evergreen dwarf herb of north temperate regions having a solitary white terminal flower; sometimes placed in genus Pyrola American columbo, American gentian, columbo, deer's-ear, deer's-ears, pyramid plantany of various tall perennial herbs constituting the genus Frasera; widely distributed in warm dry upland areas of California, Oregon, and Washington Frasera speciosa, Swertia speciosa, green gentiantall herb with panicles of white flowers flushed with green; northwestern United States; sometimes placed in genus Swertia Swertia perennia, marsh felwortperennial of damp places in mountains of Eurasia and North America having dull-colored blue or violet flowers bloodwortany of various plants of the family Haemodoraceae; roots contain a deep red coloring matter Anigozanthus manglesii, Australian sword lily, kangaroo paw, kangaroo's paw, kangaroo's-foot, kangaroo-foot plantsedgelike spring-flowering herb having clustered flowers covered with woolly hairs; Australia willowherba plant of the genus Epilobium having pink or yellow flowers and seeds with silky hairs evening primroseany of several plants of the family Onagraceae cannaany plant of the genus Canna having large sheathing leaves and clusters of large showy flowers marantaany of numerous herbs of the genus Maranta having tuberous starchy roots and large sheathing leaves banana, banana treeany of several tropical and subtropical treelike herbs of the genus Musa having a terminal crown of large entire leaves and usually bearing hanging clusters of elongated fruits Abyssinian banana, Ensete ventricosum, Ethiopian banana, Musa ensetelarge evergreen arborescent herb having huge paddle-shaped leaves and bearing inedible fruit that resemble bananas but edible young flower shoots; sometimes placed in genus Musa Strelitzia reginae, bird of paradiseornamental plant of tropical South Africa and South America having stalks of orange and purplish-blue flowers resembling a bird gingerperennial plants having thick branching aromatic rhizomes and leafy reedlike stems Curcuma domestica, Curcuma longa, turmericwidely cultivated tropical plant of India having yellow flowers and a large aromatic deep yellow rhizome; source of a condiment and a yellow dye Aframomum melegueta, Guinea grains, Guinea pepper, grains of paradise, melagueta pepperWest African plant bearing pungent peppery seeds Elettaria cardamomum, cardamom, cardamonrhizomatous herb of India having aromatic seeds used as seasoning resedaany plant of the genus Reseda violaany of the numerous plants of the genus Viola bog hemp, false nettleany of several flowering weeds of the genus Boehmeria lacking stinging hairs Parietaria difussa, pellitory, pellitory-of-the-wall, wall pellitoryherb that grows in crevices having long narrow leaves and small pink apetalous flowers flame flower, flame-flower, flameflower, kniphofia, tritomaa plant of the genus Kniphofia having long grasslike leaves and tall scapes of red or yellow drooping flowers Asparagus officinales, asparagus, edible asparagusplant whose succulent young shoots are cooked and eaten as a vegetable Asparagus plumosus, Asparagus setaceous, asparagus ferna fernlike plant native to South Africa Aspidistra elatio, aspidistra, bar-room plant, cast-iron plantevergreen perennial with large handsome basal leaves; grown primarily as a foliage houseplant Bowiea volubilis, climbing onionmuch-branched leafless twining South African herb cultivated as an ornamental for its bright green stems growing from large aboveground bulbs day lily, plantain lilyany of numerous perennials having mounds of sumptuous broad ribbed leaves and clusters of white, blue, or lilac flowers; used as ground cover Paris quadrifolia, herb ParisEuropean herb with yellow-green flowers resembling and closely related to the trilliums; reputed to be poisonous Indian arrowroot, Tacca leontopetaloides, Tacca pinnatifida, piaperennial herb of East Indies to Polynesia and Australia; cultivated for its large edible root yielding Otaheite arrowroot starch flaxplant of the genus Linum that is cultivated for its seeds and for the fibers of its stem Cassia marilandica, Senna marilandica, wild sennaNorth American perennial herb; leaves are used medicinally; sometimes placed in genus Cassia Anthyllis vulneraria, kidney vetchperennial Eurasian herb having heads of red or yellow flowers and common in meadows and pastures; formerly used medicinally for kidney disorders crotalaria, rattleboxany of various plants of the genus Crotalaria having inflated pods within which the seeds rattle; used for pasture and green-manure crops Desmanthus ilinoensis, prairie mimosa, prickle-weedperennial herb of North American prairies having dense heads of small white flowers Galega officinalis, goat rue, goat's ruetall bushy European perennial grown for its pinnate foliage and slender spikes of blue flowers; sometimes used medicinally Glycyrrhiza glabra, licorice, liquoricedeep-rooted coarse-textured plant native to the Mediterranean region having blue flowers and pinnately compound leaves; widely cultivated in Europe for its long thick sweet roots American licorice, American liquorice, Glycyrrhiza lepidota, wild licorice, wild liquoriceNorth American plant similar to true licorice and having a root with similar properties Lotus tetragonolobus, asparagus pea, winged peasprawling European annual having a 4-winged edible pod medic, medick, trefoilany of several Old World herbs of the genus Medicago having small flowers and trifoliate compound leaves Onobrychis viciaefolia, Onobrychis viciifolia, esparcet, holy clover, sainfoin, sanfoinEurasian perennial herb having pale pink flowers and curved pods; naturalized in Britain and North America grasslands on calcareous soils; important forage crop and source of honey in Britain Parochetus communis, shamrock peatrailing trifoliate Asiatic and African herb having cobalt blue flowers Indian breadroot, Psoralea esculenta, breadroot, pomme blanche, pomme de prairiedensely hairy perennial of central North America having edible tuberous roots bush peaany of various plants of the genus Thermopsis having trifoliate leaves and yellow or purple racemose flowers Trigonella ornithopodioides, bird's foot trefoilOld World herb related to fenugreek Greek clover, Trigonella foenumgraecum, fenugreekannual herb or southern Europe and eastern Asia having off-white flowers and aromatic seeds used medicinally and in curry plantainany of numerous plants of the genus Plantago; mostly small roadside or dooryard weeds with elliptic leaves and small spikes of very small flowers; seeds of some used medicinally Fagopyrum esculentum, Polygonum fagopyrum, buckwheata member of the genus Fagopyrum; annual Asian plant with clusters of small pinkish white flowers and small edible triangular seeds which are used whole or ground into flour rhubarb, rhubarb plantplants having long green or reddish acidic leafstalks growing in basal clumps; stems (and only the stems) are edible when cooked; leaves are poisonous dock, sorrel, sour grassany of certain coarse weedy plants with long taproots, sometimes used as table greens or in folk medicine dayflower, spiderwortany plant of the family Commelinaceae Ananas comosus, pineapple, pineapple planta tropical American plant bearing a large fleshy edible fruit with a terminal tuft of stiff leaves; widely cultivated in the tropics agrimonia, agrimonya plant of the genus Agrimonia having spikelike clusters of small yellow flowers strawberryany of various low perennial herbs with many runners and bearing white flowers followed by edible fruits having many small achenes scattered on the surface of an enlarged red pulpy berry Poterium sanguisorba, burnet bloodwort, pimpernel, salad burnetEuropean garden herb with purple-tinged flowers and leaves that are sometimes used for salads bedstrawany of several plants of the genus Galium Triostium perfoliatum, feverroot, horse gentian, tinker's root, wild coffeecoarse weedy American perennial herb with large usually perfoliate leaves and purple or dull red flowers teasel, teasle, teazelany of several herbs of the genus Dipsacus native to the Old World having flower heads surrounded by spiny bracts Impatiens capensis, celandine, jewelweed, lady's earrings, orange balsam, touch-me-notNorth American annual plant with usually yellow or orange flowers; grows chiefly on wet rather acid soil geraniumany of numerous plants of the family Geraniaceae oxalis, sorrel, wood sorrelany plant or flower of the genus Oxalis Ruta graveolens, herb of grace, rueEuropean strong-scented perennial herb with grey-green bitter-tasting leaves; an irritant similar to poison ivy Dictamnus alba, burning bush, dittany, fraxinella, gas plantEurasian perennial herb with white flowers that emit flammable vapor in hot weather nasturtiumany tropical American plant of the genus Tropaeolum having pungent juice and long-spurred yellow to red flowers carnivorous plantplants adapted to attract and capture and digest primarily insects but also other small animals Australian pitcher plant, Cephalotus follicularisa carnivorous perennial herb having a green pitcher and hinged lid both with red edges; western Australia sedumany of various plants of the genus Sedum breakstone, rockfoil, saxifrageany of various plants of the genus Saxifraga astilbeany plant of the genus Astilbe having compound leaves and showy panicles of tiny colorful flowers bergeniaany plant of the genus Bergenia; valued as an evergreen ground cover and for the spring blossoms Darmera peltata, Indian rhubarb, Peltiphyllum peltatum, umbrella plantrhizomatous perennial herb with large dramatic peltate leaves and white to bright pink flowers in round heads on leafless stems; colonizes stream banks in the Sierra Nevada in California alumbloom, alumrootany of several herbs of the genus Heuchera bishop's cap, miterwort, mitrewortany of various rhizomatous perennial herbs of the genus Mitella having a capsule resembling a bishop's miter suksdorfiaany of several American plants of the genus Suksdorfia having orbicular to kidney-shaped somewhat succulent leaves and white or rose or violet flowers in terminal panicles Tiarella cordifolia, coolwart, false miterwort, false mitrewort, foamflowerstoloniferous white-flowered spring-blooming woodland plant Tolmiea menziesii, pickaback plant, piggyback plant, youth-on-agevigorous perennial herb with flowers in erect racemes and having young plants develop at the junction of a leaf blade and the leafstalk polemoniumany plant of the genus Polemonium; most are low-growing often foul-smelling plants of temperate to Arctic regions phloxany polemoniaceous plant of the genus Phlox; chiefly North American; cultivated for their clusters of flowers acanthusany plant of the genus Acanthus having large spiny leaves and spikes or white or purplish flowers; native to Mediterranean region but widely cultivated Borago officinalis, borage, tailworthairy blue-flowered European annual herb long used in herbal medicine and eaten raw as salad greens or cooked like spinach Amsinckia intermedia, common amsinckiaannual of western United States with coiled spikes of yellow-orange coiled flowers Amsinckia grandiflora, large-flowered fiddleneckannual of the western United States having large coiled flower spikes; a threatened species anchusaany of various Old World herbs of the genus Anchusa having one-sided clusters of trumpet-shaped flowers Chinese forget-me-not, Cynoglossum amabilebiennial east Asian herb grown for its usually bright blue flowers Cynoglossum officinale, hound's-tonguebiennial shrub of Europe and western Asia having coarse tongue-shaped leaves and dark reddish-purple flowers Cynoglossum virginaticum, hound's-tongueperennial shrub of North America having coarse tongue-shaped leaves and pale-blue to purple flowers Echium vulgare, blue devil, blue thistle, blueweed, viper's buglossa coarse prickly European weed with spikes of blue flowers; naturalized in United States stickweedany of several herbaceous plants having seeds that cling to clothing Lithospermum officinale, gromwellEuropean perennial branching plant; occurs in hedgerows and at the edge of woodlands Lithospermum caroliniense, puccoonperennial plant of eastern North America having hairy foliage yielding a red or yellow pigment Indian paint, Lithospermum canescens, hoary puccoonperennial North American plant with greyish hairy foliage yielding a red or yellow pigment Mertensia virginica, Virginia bluebell, Virginia cowslipsmooth erect herb of eastern North America having entire leaves and showy blue flowers that are pink in bud Myosotis sylvatica, garden forget-me-notsmall biennial to perennial herb of Europe, northern Africa and western Asia having blue, purple or white flowers Myosotis scorpiodes, forget-me-not, mouse earsmall perennial herb having bright blue or white flowers false gromwellany of several North American perennial herbs with hairy foliage and small yellowish or greenish flowers comfrey, cumfreyperennial herbs of Europe and Iran; make rapidly growing groundcover for shaded areas gesneriaany plant of the genus Gesneria waterleafany of several plants of the genus Hydrophyllum California yellow bells, Emmanthe penduliflora, whispering bells, yellow bellsviscid herb of arid or desert habitats of southwestern United States having pendulous yellow flowers nemophilaany plant of the genus Nemophila Nemophila menziesii, baby blue-eyesdelicate California annual having blue flowers marked with dark spots Nemophila aurita, Pholistoma auritum, fiesta flowerstraggling California annual herb with deep purple or violet flowers; sometimes placed in genus Nemophila Acinos arvensis, Satureja acinos, basil balm, basil thyme, mother of thymefragrant European mint having clusters of small violet-and-white flowers; naturalized especially in eastern North America giant hyssopany of a number of aromatic plants of the genus Agastache bugle, bugleweedany of various low-growing annual or perennial evergreen herbs native to Eurasia; used for ground cover Ballota nigra, black archangel, black horehound, fetid horehound, stinking horehoundill-smelling European herb with rugose leaves and whorls of dark purple flowers wood mintAmerican herb of genus Blephilia with more or less hairy leaves and clusters of purplish or bluish flowers calamintperennial aromatic herbs growing in hedgerows or scrub or open woodlands from western Europe to central Asia and in North America Clinopodium vulgare, Satureja vulgaris, cushion calamint, wild basilaromatic herb having heads of small pink or whitish flowers; widely distributed in United States, Europe and Asia Collinsonia canadensis, horse balm, horseweed, richweed, stone root, stone-root, stonerooterect perennial strong-scented with serrate pointed leaves and a loose panicle of yellowish flowers; the eastern United States coleus, flame nettleany of various Old World tropical plants of the genus Coleus having multicolored decorative leaves and spikes of blue flowers Dracocephalum parviflorum, dragon's head, dragonheadAmerican herb having sharply serrate lanceolate leaves and spikes of blue to violet flowers elsholtziaany of various aromatic herbs of the genus Elsholtzia having blue or purple flowers in one-sided spikes Galeopsis tetrahit, dead nettle, hemp nettlecoarse bristly Eurasian plant with white or reddish flowers and foliage resembling that of a nettle; common as a weed in United States American pennyroyal, Hedeoma pulegioides, pennyroyalerect hairy branching American herb having purple-blue flowers; yields an essential oil used as an insect repellent and sometimes in folk medicine Hyssopus officinalis, hyssopa European mint with aromatic and pungent leaves used in perfumery and as a seasoning in cookery; often cultivated as a remedy for bruises; yields hyssop oil dead nettleany of various plants of the genus Lamium having clusters of small usually purplish flowers with two lips Cape dagga, Leonotis leonurus, dagga, red dagga, wilde daggarelatively nontoxic South African herb smoked like tobacco Leonotis nepetaefolia, Leonotis nepetifolia, lion's-earpantropical herb having whorls of striking lipped flowers; naturalized in United States Leonurus cardiaca, motherwortbitter Old World herb of hedgerows and woodland margins having toothed leaves and white or pale pink flowers Lycopus virginicus, bugleweeda mildly narcotic and astringent aromatic herb having small whitish flowers; eastern United States Lycopus americanus, water horehoundaromatic perennial herb of United States Lycopus europaeus, gipsywort, gypsyworthairy Eurasian herb with two-lipped white flowers origanumany of various fragrant aromatic herbs of the genus Origanum used as seasonings horehoundany of various aromatic herbs of the genus Marrubium Melissa officinalis, bee balm, beebalm, garden balm, lemon balm, sweet balmbushy perennial Old World mint having small white or yellowish flowers and fragrant lemon-flavored leaves; a garden escapee in northern Europe and North America mintany north temperate plant of the genus Mentha with aromatic leaves and small mauve flowers Micromeria chamissonis, Micromeria douglasii, Satureja douglasii, yerba buenatrailing perennial evergreen herb of northwestern United States with small white flowers; used medicinally Micromeria juliana, savorydwarf aromatic shrub of Mediterranean regions Molucella laevis, bells of Ireland, molucca balmaromatic annual with a tall stems of small whitish flowers enclosed in a greatly enlarged saucer-shaped or bell-shaped calyx monarda, wild bergamotany of various aromatic herbs of the genus Monarda Monardella lanceolata, mustang mintfragrant California annual herb having lanceolate leaves and clusters of rose-purple flowers Nepeta cataria, catmint, catniphairy aromatic perennial herb having whorls of small white purple-spotted flowers in a terminal spike; used in the past as a domestic remedy; strongly attractive to cats basilany of several Old World tropical aromatic annual or perennial herbs of the genus Ocimum Perilla frutescens crispa, beefsteak plantplant grown for its ornamental red or purple foliage physostegiaany of various plants of the genus Physostegia having sessile linear to oblong leaves and showy white or rose or lavender flowers Prunella vulgaris, heal all, self-healdecumbent blue-flowered European perennial thought to possess healing properties; naturalized throughout North America mountain mintany of a number of perennial herbs of the genus Pycnanthemum; eastern North America and California Rosmarinus officinalis, rosemarywidely cultivated for its fragrant grey-green leaves used in cooking and in perfumery sage, salviaany of various plants of the genus Salvia; a cosmopolitan herb savoryany of several aromatic herbs or subshrubs of the genus Satureja having spikes of flowers attractive to bees helmetflower, skullcapa herbaceous plant of the genus Scutellaria which has a calyx that, when inverted, resembles a helmet with its visor raised Scutellaria lateriflora, blue pimpernel, blue skullcap, mad-dog skullcap, mad-dog weedan American mint that yields a resinous exudate used especially formerly as an antispasmodic Stachys sylvatica, dead nettle, hedge nettlefoul-smelling perennial Eurasiatic herb with a green creeping rhizome Stachys palustris, hedge nettleperennial herb with an odorless rhizome widespread in moist places in northern hemisphere thymeany of various mints of the genus Thymus Martynia annua, martyniasprawling annual or perennial herb of Central America and West Indies having creamy-white to red-purple bell-shaped flowers followed by unusual horned fruit Sesamum indicum, benne, benni, benny, sesameEast Indian annual erect herb; source of sesame seed or benniseed and sesame oil Proboscidea louisianica, common devil's claw, common unicorn plant, devil's claw, elephant-tusk, proboscis flower, ram's hornannual of southern United States to Mexico having large whitish or yellowish flowers mottled with purple and a long curving beak Martynia arenaria, Proboscidea arenaria, sand devil's clawalternatively placed in genus Martynia Martynia fragrans, Proboscidea fragrans, sweet unicorn planta herbaceous plant of the genus Proboscidea Aureolaria pedicularia, Gerardia pedicularia, false foxglovemulti-stemmed North American annual having solitary axillary dark golden-yellow flowers resembling those of the foxglove; sometimes placed in genus Gerardia Aureolaria virginica, Gerardia virginica, false foxglovesparsely branched North American perennial with terminal racemes of bright yellow flowers resembling those of the foxglove; sometimes placed in genus Gerardia digitalis, foxgloveany of several plants of the genus Digitalis flannel leaf, mullein, velvet plantany of various plants of the genus Verbascum having large usually woolly leaves and terminal spikes of yellow or white or purplish flowers Solanum melongena, aubergine, brinjal, eggplant, eggplant bush, garden egg, mad applehairy upright herb native to southeastern Asia but widely cultivated for its large glossy edible fruit commonly used as a vegetable Atropa belladonna, belladonna, belladonna plant, deadly nightshadeperennial Eurasian herb with reddish bell-shaped flowers and shining black berries; extensively grown in United States; roots and leaves yield atropine Hyoscyamus niger, black henbane, henbane, stinking nightshadepoisonous fetid Old World herb having sticky hairy leaves and yellow-brown flowers; yields hyoscyamine and scopolamine Egyptian henbane, Hyoscyamus muticuspoisonous herb whose leaves are a source of hyoscyamine Lycopersicon esculentum, love apple, tomato, tomato plantnative to South America; widely cultivated in many varieties Mandragora officinarum, devil's apples, mandrakea plant of southern Europe and North Africa having purple flowers, yellow fruits and a forked root formerly thought to have magical powers Nicandra physaloides, apple of Peru, shoo flycoarse South American herb grown for its blue-and-white flowers followed by a bladderlike fruit enclosing a dry berry tobacco, tobacco plantaromatic annual or perennial herbs and shrubs cupflower, nierembergiaany of various plants of the genus Nierembergia having upturned bell-shaped flowers ground cherry, husk tomatoany of numerous cosmopolitan annual or perennial herbs of the genus Physalis bearing edible fleshy berries enclosed in a bladderlike husk; some cultivated for their flowers salpiglossisany plant of the genus Salpiglossis Scopolia carniolicaherb that is a source of scopolamine Mercurialis annua, boys-and-girls, herb mercury, herbs mercuryEurafrican annual naturalized in America as a weed; formerly dried for use as a purgative, diuretic or antisyphilitic Mercurialis perennis, dog mercury, dog's mercuryEuropean perennial weedy plant with greenish flowers Cnidoscolus urens, Jatropha stimulosus, Jatropha urens, devil nettle, pica-pica, spurge nettle, tread-softlya stinging herb of tropical America umbellifer, umbelliferous plantany of numerous aromatic herbs of the family Umbelliferae Anethum graveolens, dillaromatic Old World herb having aromatic threadlike foliage and seeds used as seasoning angelica, angeliqueany of various tall and stout herbs of the genus Angelica having pinnately compound leaves and small white or greenish flowers in compound umbels Anthriscus cereifolium, beaked parsley, chervilaromatic annual Old World herb cultivated for its finely divided and often curly leaves for use especially in soups and salads Anthriscus sylvestris, cow parsley, wild chervilcoarse erect biennial Old World herb introduced as a weed in eastern North America Apium graveolens, wild celeryherb of Europe and temperate Asia Apium graveolens dulce, celery, cultivated celerywidely cultivated herb with aromatic leaf stalks that are eaten raw or cooked Apium graveolens rapaceum, celeriac, celery root, knob celery, root celery, turnip-rooted celerygrown for its thickened edible aromatic root astrantia, masterwortany plant of the genus Astrantia Carum carvi, carawaya Eurasian plant with small white flowers yielding caraway seed Conopodium denudatum, earthnuta common European plant having edible tubers with the flavor of roasted chestnuts Chinese parsley, Coriandrum sativum, cilantro, coriander, coriander plantOld World herb with aromatic leaves and seed resembling parsley Cuminum cyminum, cumindwarf Mediterranean annual long cultivated for its aromatic seeds Daucus carota sativa, carrot, cultivated carrotperennial plant widely cultivated as an annual in many varieties for its long conical orange edible roots; temperate and tropical regions Eryngium aquaticum, button snakerootcoarse prickly perennial eryngo with aromatic roots; southeastern United States; often confused with rattlesnake master fennelany of several aromatic herbs having edible seeds and leaves and stems Heracleum sphondylium, cow parsnip, hogweedtall coarse plant having thick stems and cluster of white to purple flowers Levisticum officinale, lovageherb native to southern Europe; cultivated for its edible stalks and foliage and seeds Myrrhis odorata, sweet cicelyEuropean herb with soft ferny leaves and white flowers Pastinaca sativa, parsnipa strong-scented plant cultivated for its edible root Petroselinum crispum, parsleyannual or perennial herb with aromatic leaves Pimpinella anisum, anise, anise plantnative to Egypt but cultivated widely for its aromatic seeds and the oil from them used medicinally and as a flavoring in cookery sanicle, snakeroota plant of the genus Sanicula having palmately compound leaves and unisexual flowers in panicled umbels followed by bristly fruit; reputed to have healing powers moon carrot, stone parsleyany plant of the genus Seseli having dense umbels of small white or pink flowers and finely divided foliage Sison amomum, stone parsleya slender roadside herb of western Europe and Mediterranean areas that has foliage resembling parsley and has white flowers with aromatic seeds Alexander, Alexanders, Smyrnium olusatrum, black lovage, horse parsleyEuropean herb somewhat resembling celery widely naturalized in Britain coastal regions and often cultivated as a potherb corn salada plant of the genus Valerianella wortusually used in combination: `liverwort'; `milkwort'; `whorlywort' peperomiaany of various plants of the genus Peperomia; grown primarily for their often succulent foliage Anemopsis californica, yerba mansastoloniferous herb of southwestern United States and Mexico having a pungent rootstock and small spicate flowers with white bracts suggesting an anemone asclepiadany plant of the family Asclepiadaceae milkweed, silkweedany of numerous plants of the genus Asclepias having milky juice and pods that split open releasing seeds with downy tufts carrion flower, stapelia, starfish flowerany of various plants of the genus Stapelia having succulent leafless toothed stems resembling cacti and large foul-smelling (often star-shaped) flowers Ranunculus acris, meadow buttercup, tall buttercup, tall crowfoot, tall field buttercupperennial European buttercup with yellow spring flowers widely naturalized especially in eastern North America Ranunculus bulbosus, common buttercupperennial Old World buttercup with golden to sulphur yellow flowers in late spring to early summer; naturalized in North America Mount Cook lily, Ranunculus lyalii, mountain lilyshowy white-flowered perennial of New Zealand Ranunculus occidentalis, western buttercupperennial of western North America Ranunculus repens, creeping buttercup, creeping crowfootperennial European herb with long creeping stolons Ranunculus sceleratus, celery-leaved buttercup, cursed crowfootannual herb growing in marshy places Arachis hypogaea, peanut, peanut vinewidely cultivated American plant cultivated in tropical and warm regions; showy yellow flowers on stalks that bend over to the soil so that seed pods ripen underground Trifolium alpinum, alpine cloverEuropean mountain clover with fragrant usually pink flowers Trifolium dubium, hop clover, lesser yellow trefoil, shamrockclover native to Ireland with yellowish flowers; often considered the true or original shamrock Italian clover, Trifolium incarnatum, crimson cloversouthern European annual with spiky heads of crimson flower; extensively cultivated in United States for forage Trifolium pratense, purple clover, red clovererect to decumbent short-lived perennial having red-purple to pink flowers; the most commonly grown forage clover Trifolium reflexum, Trifolium stoloniferum, buffalo cloverclover of western United States Trifolium repens, dutch clover, shamrock, white clovercreeping European clover having white to pink flowers and bright green leaves; naturalized in United States; widely grown for forage Arum maculatum, cuckoopint, jack-in-the-pulpit, lords-and-ladiescommon European arum with lanceolate spathe and short purple spadix; emerges in early spring; source of a starch called arum Arum palaestinum, black callaornamental plant of Middle East cultivated for its dark purple spathe alocasia, elephant ear, elephant's earany plant of the genus Alocasia having large showy basal leaves and boat-shaped spathe and reddish berries amorphophallusany plant of the genus Amorphophallus Amorphophallus campanulatus, Amorphophallus paeonifolius, elephant yam, pungapung, telingo potatoputrid-smelling aroid of southeastern Asia (especially the Philippines) grown for its edible tuber Amorphophallus rivieri, devil's tongue, snake palm, umbrella arumfoul-smelling somewhat fleshy tropical plant of southeastern Asia cultivated for its edible corms or in the greenhouse for its large leaves and showy dark red spathe surrounding a large spadix Amorphophallus titanum, krubi, titan arummalodorous tropical plant having a spathe that resembles the corolla of a morning glory and attains a diameter of several feet Arisaema atrorubens, Arisaema triphyllum, Indian turnip, jack-in-the-pulpit, wake-robincommon American spring-flowering woodland herb having sheathing leaves and an upright club-shaped spadix with overarching green and purple spathe producing scarlet berries Arisaema dracontium, green dragonearly spring-flowering plant of eastern North America resembling the related jack-in-the-pulpit but having digitate leaves, slender greenish yellow spathe and elongated spadix Arisarum vulgare, friar's-cowltuberous perennial having a cowl-shaped maroon or violet-black spathe; Mediterranean; Canaries; Azores caladiumany plant of the genus Caladium cultivated for their ornamental foliage variously patterned in white or pink or red Colocasia esculenta, dalo, dasheen, taro, taro plantherb of the Pacific islands grown throughout the tropics for its edible root and in temperate areas as an ornamental for its large glossy leaves Dieffenbachia sequine, dumb cane, mother-in-law plant, mother-in-law's tonguean evergreen plant with large showy dark green leaves; contains a poison that swells the tongue and throat hence the name dracontiumany plant of the genus Dracontium; strongly malodorous tropical American plants usually with gigantic leaves Dracunculus vulgaris, dragon arum, green dragonEuropean arum resembling the cuckoopint nephthytisany plant of the genus Nephthytis Xanthosoma atrovirens, Xanthosoma sagittifolium, malanga, spoonflower, tannia, yautiatropical American aroid having edible tubers that are cooked and eaten like yams or potatoes Asarum canadense, Canada ginger, black snakerootdeciduous low-growing perennial of Canada and eastern and central United States Asarum virginicum, heart-leaf, heartleafevergreen low-growing perennial having mottled green and silvery-grey heart-shaped pungent leaves; Virginia to South Carolina Asarum europaeum, asarabaccathick creeping evergreen herb of western Europe Cerastium arvense, field chickweed, field mouse-eardensely tufted perennial chickweed of north temperate zone Cerastium tomentosum, love-in-a-mist, snow-in-summerchickweed with hairy silver-grey leaves and rather large white flowers Alpine mouse-ear, Arctic mouse-ear, Cerastium alpinumwidespread in the Arctic and on mountains in Europe Stellaria media, common chickweeda common low-growing annual garden weed with small white flowers; cosmopolitan; so-called because it is eaten by chickens Stellaria holostea, greater stitchwort, starwort, stitchwortlow-growing north temperate herb having small white star-shaped flowers; named for its alleged ability to ease sharp pains in the side Amaranthus albus, Amaranthus graecizans, tumbleweedbushy plant of western United States Amaranthus caudatus, love-lies-bleeding, tassel flower, velvet floweryoung leaves widely used as leaf vegetables; seeds used as cereal Amaranthus cruentus, Amaranthus hybridus erythrostachys, Amaranthus hybridus hypochondriacus, gentleman's-cane, prince's-feather, prince's-plume, purple amaranth, red amaranthtall showy tropical American annual having hairy stems and long spikes of usually red flowers above leaves deeply flushed with purple; seeds often used as cereal Amaranthus hypochondriacus, pigweedleaves sometimes used as potherbs; seeds used as cereal; southern United States to Central America; India and China Chenopodium album, lamb's-quarters, pigweed, wild spinachcommon weedy European plant introduced into North America; often used as a potherb American wormseed, Chenopodium ambrosioides, Mexican tea, Spanish tea, wormseedrank-smelling tropical American pigweed Chenopodium bonus-henricus, allgood, fat hen, good-king-henry, wild spinachEuropean plant naturalized in North America; often collected from the wild as a potherb Atriplex mexicana, Chenopodium botrys, Jerusalem oak, Mexican tea, feather geraniumEurasian aromatic oak-leaved goosefoot with many yellow-green flowers; naturalized North America Chenopodium capitatum, Indian paint, strawberry blite, strawberry pigweedEuropean annual with clusters of greenish flowers followed by red pulpy berrylike fruit; naturalized North America Chenopodium glaucum, oak-leaved goosefoot, oakleaf goosefootannual European plant with spikes of greenish flowers and leaves that are white and hairy on the underside; common as a weed in North America Chenopodium hybridum, red goosefoot, sowbaneherb considered fatal to swine Chenopodium murale, nettle-leaved goosefoot, nettleleaf goosefootEuropean annual with coarsely dentate leaves; widespread in United States and southern Canada Chenopodium rubrum, French spinach, red goosefootcommon Eurasian weed; naturalized in United States Chenopodium vulvaria, stinking goosefootEuropean goosefoot with strong-scented foliage; adventive in eastern North America Atriplex hortensis, garden orache, mountain spinachAsiatic plant resembling spinach often used as a potherb; naturalized in Europe and North America Beta vulgaris, beet, common beetbiennial Eurasian plant usually having a swollen edible root; widely cultivated as a food crop Spinacia oleracea, prickly-seeded spinach, spinach, spinach plantsouthwestern Asian plant widely cultivated for its succulent edible dark green leaves Indian poke, Phytolacca acinosapokeweed of southeastern Asia and China Phytolacca americana, garget, pigeon berry, poke, scoketall coarse perennial American herb having small white flowers followed by blackish-red berries on long drooping racemes; young fleshy stems are edible; berries and root are poisonous Phytolacca dioica, bella sombra, ombufast-growing herbaceous evergreen tree of South America having a broad trunk with high water content and dark green oval leaves Portulaca oleracea, common purslane, pussley, pussly, verdolagasweedy trailing mat-forming herb with bright yellow flowers cultivated for its edible mildly acid leaves eaten raw or cooked especially in Indian and Greek and Middle Eastern cuisine; cosmopolitan Montia cordifolia, broad-leaved montiasucculent plant with mostly basal leaves; stem bears 1 pair of broadly ovate or heart-shaped leaves and a loose raceme of 3-10 white flowers; western North America Montia lamprosperma, blinking chickweed, blinks, water chickweedsmall Indian lettuce of northern regions Montia chamissoi, toad lilya floating or creeping Indian lettuce having terminal racemes of pale rose flowers; wet areas at high elevations of western North America Cuban spinach, Montia perfoliata, miner's lettuce, winter purslanesucculent herb sometimes grown as a salad or pot herb; grows on dunes and waste ground of Pacific coast of North America Cleome hassleriana, spider flower, spider plantnative to South America but naturalized in warm parts of United States; grown for its long-lasting spider-shaped white to pink-purple flowers Cleome serrulata, Rocky Mountain bee plant, stinking cloverplant of western North America having trifoliate leaves and white or pink spider-shaped flowers; sometimes used as an ornamental cress, cress plantany of various plants of the family Cruciferae with edible leaves that have a pungent taste Alliaria officinalis, garlic mustard, hedge garlic, jack-by-the-hedge, sauce-aloneEuropean herb that smells like garlic alyssum, madwortany garden plant of the genus Alyssum having clusters of small yellow or white flowers Anastatica hierochuntica, resurrection plant, rose of Jerichosmall grey Asiatic desert plant bearing minute white flowers that rolls up when dry and expands when moist Brassica oleracea, wild cabbagewild original of cultivated cabbages; common in western coastal Europe Brassica oleracea, cabbage, cultivated cabbageany of various cultivars of the genus Brassica oleracea grown for their edible leaves or flowers Brassica oleracea gemmifera, brussels sproutplant grown for its stout stalks of edible small green heads resembling diminutive cabbages Brassica oleracea botrytis, cauliflowera plant having a large edible head of crowded white flower buds Brassica oleracea italica, broccoliplant with dense clusters of tight green flower buds Brassica oleracea acephala, borecole, cole, colewort, kail, kalea hardy cabbage with coarse curly leaves that do not form a head Brassica oleracea gongylodes, kohlrabiplant cultivated for its enlarged fleshy turnip-shaped edible stem turnip plantany of several widely cultivated plants having edible roots Brassica rapa ruvo, broccoli raab, broccoli rabeplant grown for its pungent edible leafy shoots mustardany of several cruciferous plants of the genus Brassica Brassica rapa pekinensis, Chinese cabbage, celery cabbage, napa, pe-tsaiplant with an elongated head of broad stalked leaves resembling celery; used as a vegetable in east Asia Brassica rapa chinensis, Chinese white cabbage, bok choi, bok choy, pak choi, pakchoiAsiatic plant grown for its cluster of edible white stalks with dark green leaves Brassica perviridis, Brassica rapa perviridis, spinach mustard, tendergreenAsiatic plant cultivated for its swollen root crown and edible foliage Camelina sativa, gold of pleasureannual European false flax having small white flowers; cultivated since Neolithic times as a source of fiber and for its oil-rich seeds; widely naturalized in North America Capsella bursa-pastoris, shepherd's pouch, shepherd's pursewhite-flowered annual European herb bearing triangular notched pods; nearly cosmopolitan as an introduced weed Draba verna, shad-flower, shadflower, whitlow grassannual weed of Europe and North America having a rosette of basal leaves and tiny flowers followed by oblong seed capsules Isatis tinctoria, dyer's woadEuropean biennial formerly grown for the blue coloring matter yielded by its leaves radish, radish planta cruciferous plant of the genus Raphanus having a pungent edible root Stephanomeria malheurensis, malheur wire lettucea small plant of Oregon resembling mustard; a threatened species Argemone mexicana, Mexican poppyannual herb with prickly stems and large yellow flowers; southern United States to West Indies and Mexico Achillea millefolium, milfoil, yarrowubiquitous strong-scented mat-forming Eurasian herb of wasteland, hedgerow or pasture having narrow serrate leaves and small usually white florets; widely naturalized in North America Achillea ptarmica, sneezeweed yarrow, sneezewortEurasian herb having loose heads of button-shaped white flowers and long grey-green leaves that cause sneezing when powdered plantain-leaved pussytoesa variety of pussytoes field pussytoesa variety of pussytoes solitary pussytoesa variety of pussytoes mountain everlastinga variety of cat's foot Coreopsis gigantea, giant coreopsislarge treelike shrub having feathery leaves and clusters of large yellow flower heads; coastal southern California Coreopsis maritima, sea dahliastout herb with flowers one to a stalk; ornamental developed from a Mexican wildflower Coreopsis tinctoria, calliopsisNorth American annual widely cultivated for its yellow flowers with purple-red to brownish centers; in some classifications placed in a subgenus Calliopsis Cynara scolymus, artichoke, artichoke plant, globe artichokeMediterranean thistlelike plant widely cultivated for its large edible flower head Cynara cardunculus, cardoonsouthern European plant having spiny leaves and purple flowers cultivated for its edible leafstalks and roots Grindelia robustaperennial gumweed of California and Baja California Grindelia squarrosa, curlycup gumweedperennial gumweed of western and central North America Helenium autumnale, autumn sneezeweedNorth American perennial with bright yellow late summer flowers Helenium hoopesii, orange sneezeweed, owlclawsstout perennial herb of western United States having flower heads with drooping orange-yellow rays; causes spewing sickness in sheep Helenium puberulum, rosillaa sneezeweed of southwestern United States especially southern California Hieracium venosum, rattlesnake weeda hawkweed with a rosette of purple-veined basal leaves; Canada to northern Georgia and Kentucky Inula helenium, elecampanetall coarse Eurasian herb having daisylike yellow flowers with narrow petals whose rhizomatous roots are used medicinally Krigia bulbosa, Krigia dandelion, dwarf dandelionsmall yellow-flowered herb resembling dandelions of central and southeastern United States Lactuca sativa, common lettuce, garden lettuceannual or perennial garden plant having succulent leaves used in salads; widely grown Lactuca sativa longifolia, cos lettuce, romaine lettucelettuce with long dark-green spoon-shaped leaves Lactuca sativa capitata, head lettucedistinguished by leaves arranged in a dense rosette that develop into a compact ball Lactuca sativa crispa, leaf lettucedistinguished by leaves having curled or incised leaves forming a loose rosette that does not develop into a compact head Lactuca sativa asparagina, celtuce, stem lettucelettuce valued especially for its edible stems Chile tarweed, Madia sativa, madia oil plant, melosaSouth American herb with sticky glandular foliage; source of madia oil Nabalus alba, Prenanthes alba, cankerweed, white lettuceherb of northeastern North America having drooping clusters of yellowish-white flowers; sometimes placed in genus Prenanthes Hieracium pilocella, Pilosella officinarum, mouse-ear hawkweedEuropean hawkweed having soft hairy leaves; sometimes placed in genus Hieracium Taraxacum officinale, Taraxacum ruderalia, common dandelionEurasian plant widely naturalized as a weed in North America; used as salad greens and to make wine Russian dandelion, Taraxacum kok-saghyz, kok-saghyz, kok-sagyzperennial dandelion native to Kazakhstan cultivated for its fleshy roots that have high rubber content Campanula rotundifolia, bluebell, harebellperennial of northern hemisphere with slender stems and bell-shaped blue flowers Campanula rapunculoides, creeping bellflowererect European herb with creeping rootstocks and nodding spikelike racemes of blue to violet flowers Campanula medium, Canterbury bell, cup and saucerEuropean biennial widely cultivated for its blue or violet or white flowers Campanula divaricata, southern harebellbellflower of southeastern United States (Maryland to Georgia) having pale blue flowers Campanula americana, tall bellflowerannual or perennial of eastern North America with long spikes of blue or white flowers Campanula aparinoides, marsh bellflowerbellflower common in marshes of eastern North America having lanceolate linear leaves and small whitish flowers Campanula glomerata, clustered bellflowerbellflower of Europe to temperate Asia having dense spikes of violet-blue to white flowers Campanula persicifolia, peach bell, peach bells, willow bellperennial European bellflower with racemose white or blue flowers Campanula pyramidalis, chimney bellflower, chimney plantbellflower of southeastern Europe Campanula rapunculus, rampion, rampion bellflowerbellflower of Europe and Asia and North Africa having bluish flowers and an edible tuberous root used with the leaves in salad Campanula trachelium, nettle-leaved bellflower, throatwortEuropean bellflower with blue-purple to lilac flowers formerly used to treat sore throat Campanula carpatica, spreading bellflower, tussock bellflowerEuropean perennial bellflower that grows in clumps with spreading stems and blue or white flowers English primrose, Primula vulgarisplant of western and southern Europe widely cultivated for its pale yellow flowers Primula veris, cowslip, paigleearly spring flower common in British isles having fragrant yellow or sometimes purple flowers Primula elatior, oxlip, paigleEurasian primrose with yellow flowers clustered in a one-sided umbel Chinese primrose, Primula sinensiscultivated Asiatic primrose Primula auricula, auricula, bear's earyellow-flowered primrose native to Alps; commonly cultivated Primula polyantha, polyanthusflorists' primroses; considered a complex hybrid derived from oxlip, cowslip, and common primrose Anagallis arvensis, poor man's weatherglass, red pimpernel, scarlet pimpernelherb with scarlet or white or purple blossoms that close at approach of rainy weather Anagallis tenella, bog pimpernelsmall creeping European herb having delicate pink flowers Lysimachia clethroides Duby, gooseneck loosestrifea variety of the loosestrife herb Lysimachia nemorum, yellow pimperneltrailing European evergreen with yellow flowers Lysimachia ciliatum, fringed loosestrifeof North America Lysimachia nummularia, creeping Charlie, creeping Jenny, moneyworta loosestrife vine Lysimachia vulgaris, garden loosestrife, yellow loosestrifefrequently considered a weed; Europe and Asia Lysimachia terrestris, swamp candlesNorth American plant with spikes of yellow flowers, found in wet places Lysimachia quadrifolia, whorled loosestrifecommon North American yellow-flowered plant grassnarrow-leaved green herbage: grown as lawns; used as pasture for grazing animals; cut and dried as hay Saccharum officinarum, sugar cane, sugarcanetall tropical southeast Asian grass having stout fibrous jointed stalks; sap is a chief source of sugar reedtall woody perennial grasses with hollow slender stems especially of the genera Arundo and Phragmites bamboowoody tropical grass having hollow woody stems; mature canes used for construction and furniture Indian pink, Lobelia cardinalis, cardinal flowerNorth American lobelia having brilliant red flowers Indian tobacco, Lobelia inflata, bladderpodNorth American wild lobelia having small blue flowers and inflated capsules formerly used as an antispasmodic Lobelia dortmanna, water lobeliaerect perennial aquatic herb of Europe and North America having submerged spongy leaves and pendulous racemes of blue flowers above the water Lobelia siphilitica, blue cardinal flower, great lobeliatall erect and very leafy perennial herb of eastern North America having dense spikes of blue flowers Pyrola americana, Pyrola rotundifolia americana, false wintergreenevergreen of eastern North America with leathery leaves and numerous white flowers Pyrola minor, lesser wintergreenthe common wintergreen having many-flowered racemes of pink-tinged white flowers; Europe and North America Pyrola elliptica, shinleaf, wild lily of the valleyNorth American evergreen with small pinkish bell-shaped flowers and oblong leaves used formerly for shinplasters Pyrola rotundifolia, wild lily of the valleyevergreen with rounded leaves and very fragrant creamy-white flowers; widely distributed in northern parts of Old and New Worlds Chimaphila corymbosa, Chimaphila umbellata, love-in-winter, western prince's pineEurasian herb with white or pinkish flowers in a terminal corymb enchanter's nightshadeany of several erect perennial rhizomatous herbs of the genus Circaea having white flowers that open at dawn; northern hemisphere Epilobium angustifolium, fireweed, giant willowherb, rosebay willowherb, wickuptall North American perennial with creeping rootstocks and narrow leaves and spikes of pinkish-purple flowers occurring in great abundance in burned-over areas or recent clearings; an important honey plant Epilobium hirsutum, codlins-and-cream, hairy willowherbplant of Europe and Asia having purplish-red flowers and hairy stems and leaves; introduced into North America German rampion, Oenothera biennis, common evening primrosea coarse biennial of eastern North America with yellow flowers that open in the evening; naturalized in Europe Oenothera fruticosa, sundropsa day-flowering biennial or perennial of the genus Oenothera Missouri primrose, Oenothera macrocarpa, Ozark sundropsevening-opening primrose of south central United States Canna generalis, canna lilyplants grown for their large bright yellow to red flowers Canna edulis, Canna indica, achira, arrowroot, indian shotcanna grown especially for its edible rootstock from which arrowroot starch is obtained American arrowroot, Maranta arundinaceae, arrowroot, obedience plantwhite-flowered West Indian plant whose root yields arrowroot starch Musa acuminata, dwarf bananalow-growing Asian banana tree cultivated especially in the West Indies for its clusters of edible yellow fruit Japanese banana, Musa basjooAsiatic banana plant cultivated especially as a foliage plant in Japan Musa paradisiaca, plantain, plantain treea banana tree bearing hanging clusters of edible angular greenish starchy fruits; tropics and subtropics Musa paradisiaca sapientum, edible bananawidely cultivated species of banana trees bearing compact hanging clusters of commercially important edible yellow fruit Manila hemp, Musa textilis, abacaPhilippine banana tree having leafstalks that yield Manila hemp used for rope and paper etc Canton ginger, Zingiber officinale, common ginger, stem gingertropical Asian plant widely cultivated for its pungent root; source of gingerroot and powdered ginger Alpinia galanga, galangalsoutheastern Asian perennial with aromatic roots Alpinia officinalis, Alpinia officinarum, lesser galangalChinese perennial with pyramidal racemes of white flowers and pungent aromatic roots used medicinally and as flavoring Alpinia purpurata, red gingeran ornamental ginger native to Pacific islands Alpinia Zerumbet, Alpinia speciosa, Languas speciosa, shall-flower, shell ginger, shellflowercultivated for its shining oblong leaves and arching clusters of white flowers with pink shading and crinkled yellow lips with variegated magenta stripes Reseda odorata, mignonette, sweet resedaMediterranean woody annual widely cultivated for its dense terminal spikelike clusters greenish or yellowish white flowers having an intense spicy fragrance Reseda luteola, dyer's mignonette, dyer's rocket, weldEuropean mignonette cultivated as a source of yellow dye; naturalized in North America violetany of numerous low-growing violas with small flowers Viola arvensis, field pansy, heartseasecommon Old World viola with creamy often violet-tinged flowers Viola cornuta, horned violet, tufted pansyEuropean viola with an unusually long corolla spur Viola tricolor hortensis, pansylarge-flowered garden plant derived chiefly from the wild pansy of Europe and having velvety petals of various colors Johnny-jump-up, Viola tricolor, heartsease, love-in-idleness, pink of my John, wild pansya common and long cultivated European herb from which most common garden pansies are derived Boehmeria nivea, China grass, Chinese silk plant, ramee, ramietall perennial herb of tropical Asia with dark green leaves; cultivated for the fiber from its woody stems that resembles flax Kniphofia uvaria, poker plantclump-forming plant of South Africa with spikes of scarlet flowers Cicer arietinum, Egyptian pea, chickpea, chickpea plantAsiatic herb cultivated for its short pods with one or two edible seeds American rattlebox, Crotalaria sagitallistropical American annual herb having an inflated pod in which the ripe seeds rattle Crotalaria spectabilis, Indian rattleboxerect subshrub having purple-tinted flowers and an inflated pod in which the ripe seeds rattle; India Cyamopsis psoraloides, Cyamopsis tetragonolobus, cluster bean, guardrought-tolerant herb grown for forage and for its seed which yield a gum used as a thickening agent or sizing material Glycine max, soja, soja bean, soy, soya, soya bean, soybean, soybean planterect bushy hairy annual herb having trifoliate leaves and purple to pink flowers; extensively cultivated for food and forage and soil improvement but especially for its nutritious oil-rich seeds; native to Asia wild peaany of various plants of the family Leguminosae that usually grow like vines Lens culinaris, lentil, lentil plantwidely cultivated Eurasian annual herb grown for its edible flattened seeds that are cooked like peas and also ground into meal and for its leafy stalks that are used as fodder Dolichos biflorus, Macrotyloma uniflorum, horse grain, horse gram, poor man's pulsetwining herb of Old World tropics cultivated in India for food and fodder; sometimes placed in genus Dolichos Medicago arborea, moon trefoilevergreen shrub of southern European highlands having downy foliage and a succession of yellow flowers throughout the summer followed by curious snail-shaped pods Medicago falcata, sickle alfalfa, sickle lucerne, sickle medickEuropean medic naturalized in North America having yellow flowers and sickle-shaped pods Calvary clover, Medicago echinus, Medicago intertextaan annual of the Mediterranean area having spiny seed pods and leaves with dark spots Medicago lupulina, black medick, hop clover, nonesuch clover, yellow trefoilprostrate European herb with small yellow flowers and curved black pods; naturalized in North America Medicago sativa, alfalfa, lucerneimportant European leguminous forage plant with trifoliate leaves and blue-violet flowers grown widely as a pasture and hay crop crazy weed, crazyweed, locoweedany of several leguminous plants of western North America causing locoism in livestock bean, bean plantany of various leguminous plants grown for their edible seeds and pods pea, pea planta leguminous plant of the genus Pisum with small white flowers and long green pods containing edible green seeds sesbaniaany of various plants of the genus Sesbania having pinnate leaves and large showy pea-like flowers Thermopsis macrophylla, false lupine, golden pea, yellow peawestern United States bushy herb having yellow pea-like flowers Carolina lupine, Thermopsis villosaeastern United States bush pea vetchany of various climbing plants of the genus Vicia having pinnately compound leaves that terminate in tendrils and small variously colored flowers; includes valuable forage and soil-building plants Phaseolus aconitifolius, Vigna aconitifolia, moth beanEast Indian legume having hairy foliage and small yellow flowers followed by cylindrical pods; used especially in India for food and forage and as a soil conditioner; sometimes placed in genus Phaseolus Phaseolus angularis, Vigna angularis, adsuki bean, adzuki beanbushy annual widely grown in China and Japan for the flour made from its seeds Phaseolus caracalla, Vigna caracalla, corkscrew flower, snail bean, snail flower, snail-flower, snailflowerperennial tropical American vine cultivated for its racemes of showy yellow and purple flowers having the corolla keel coiled like a snail shell; sometimes placed in genus Phaseolus Phaseolus aureus, Vigna radiata, golden gram, green gram, mung, mung beanerect bushy annual widely cultivated in warm regions of India and Indonesia and United States for forage and especially its edible seeds; chief source of bean sprouts used in Chinese cookery; sometimes placed in genus Phaseolus Vigna sinensis, Vigna unguiculata, black-eyed pea, cowpea, cowpea plantsprawling Old World annual cultivated especially in southern United States for food and forage and green manure Vigna sesquipedalis, Vigna unguiculata sesquipedalis, asparagus bean, yard-long beanSouth American bean having very long succulent pods English plantain, Plantago lanceolata, buckthorn, narrow-leaved plantain, ribgrass, ribwort, ripple-grassan Old World plantain with long narrow ribbed leaves widely established in temperate regions Plantago major, broad-leaved plantain, cart-track plant, common plantain, white-man's foot, whiteman's footcommon European perennial naturalized worldwide; a troublesome weed Plantago media, hoary plantainwidely distributed Old World perennial naturalized in North America having finely hairy leaves and inconspicuous white fragrant flowers Plantago psyllium, Spanish psyllium, fleawort, psylliumplantain of Mediterranean regions whose seeds swell and become gelatinous when moist and are used as a mild laxative Plantago rugelii, broad-leaved plantain, rugel's plantainNorth American plantain having reddish leafstalks and broad leaves Plantago virginica, hoary plantainNorth American annual or biennial with long soft hairs on the leaves Himalayan rhubarb, Indian rhubarb, Rheum australe, Rheum emodi, red-veined pie plantAsian herb (Himalayas) Rheum cultorum, Rheum rhabarbarum, Rheum rhaponticum, garden rhubarb, pie plantlong cultivated hybrid of Rheum palmatum; stems often cooked in pies or as sauce or preserves Chinese rhubarb, Rheum palmatumlong used for laxative properties Rumex acetosa, garden sorrel, sour dockEuropean sorrel with large slightly acidic sagittate leaves grown throughout north temperate zone for salad and spring greens Rumex acetosella, sheep sorrel, sheep's sorrelsmall plant having pleasantly acid-tasting arrow-shaped leaves; common in dry places Rumex obtusifolius, bitter dock, broad-leaved dock, yellow dockEuropean dock with broad obtuse leaves and bitter rootstock common as a weed in North America French sorrel, Rumex scutatus, garden sorrellow perennial with small silvery-green ovate to hastate leaves Paradisea liliastrum, St.-Bruno's-lilya variety of spiderwort Agrimonia eupatoria, harvest-liceerect perennial Old World herb of dry grassy habitats Agrimonia procera, fragrant agrimonyfragrant European perennial herb found at woodland margins on moist soils Fragaria ananassa, cultivated strawberry, garden strawberrywidely cultivated Fragaria vesca, wild strawberry, wood strawberryEurope Chilean strawberry, Fragaria chiloensis, beach strawberrywild strawberry of western United States and South America; source of many varieties of cultivated strawberries Fragaria virginiana, Virginia strawberry, scarlet strawberryNorth American wild strawberry with sweet scarlet fruit; a source of many cultivated strawberries Asperula odorata, Galium odoratum, fragrant bedstraw, sweet woodruff, waldmeister, woodruffOld World fragrant stoloniferous perennial having small white flowers and narrow leaves used as flavoring and in sachets; widely cultivated as a ground cover; in some classifications placed in genus Asperula Galium boreale, Northern bedstraw, Northern snow bedstrawNorth American stoloniferous perennial having white flowers; sometimes used as an ornamental Galium verum, Our Lady's bedstraw, yellow bedstraw, yellow cleaverscommon yellow-flowered perennial bedstraw; North America and Europe and Asia Galium lanceolatum, wild licoricebedstraw with sweetish roots Galium aparine, catchweed, cleavers, clivers, goose grass, spring cleaversannual having the stem beset with curved prickles; North America and Europe and Asia Galium mollugo, false baby's breath, infant's-breath, white bedstraw, white madder, wild madderEurasian herb with ample panicles of small white flowers; naturalized in North America Dipsacus fullonum, common teaselteasel with lilac flowers native to Old World but naturalized in North America; dried flower heads used to raise a nap on woolen cloth Dipsacus sativus, fuller's teaselsimilar to the common teasel and similarly used; widespread in Europe and North Africa and western Asia; naturalized in United States Dipsacus sylvestris, wild teaselEuropean teasel with white to pink flowers; naturalized in United States crane's bill, cranesbillany of numerous geraniums of the genus Geranium Pelargonium graveolens, rose geranium, sweet-scented geraniumany of several southern African geraniums having fragrant three-lobed to five-lobed leaves and pink flowers Pelargonium hortorum, bedding geranium, fish geranium, zonal pelargoniuman upright geranium having scalloped leaves with a broad color zone inside the margin and white or pink or red flowers Pelargonium peltatum, hanging geranium, ivy geranium, ivy-leaved geraniuma commonly cultivated trailing South American plant with peltate leaves and rosy flowers Pelargonium odoratissimum, apple geranium, nutmeg geraniumgeranium with round fragrant leaves and small white flowers Pelargonium limoneum, lemon geraniuma common garden geranium with lemon-scented foliage heron's bill, storksbillany of various plants of the genus Erodium Oxalis acetosella, common wood sorrel, cuckoo bread, shamrockEurasian plant with heart-shaped trifoliate leaves and white purple-veined flowers Bermuda buttercup, English-weed, Oxalis cernua, Oxalis pes-capraeSouth African bulbous wood sorrel with showy yellow flowers Oxalis corniculata, creeping oxalis, creeping wood sorrelcreeping much-branched mat-forming weed; cosmopolitan Oxalis caprina, goat's foot, goatsfootshort-stemmed South African plant with bluish flowers Oxalis violacea, violet wood sorrelperennial herb of eastern North America with palmately compound leaves and usually rose-purple flowers Oxalis crenata, Oxalis tuberosa, oca, okaSouth American wood sorrel cultivated for its edible tubers Indian cress, Tropaeolum majus, garden nasturtiumstrong-growing annual climber having large flowers of all shades of orange from orange-red to yellowish orange and seeds that are pickled and used like capers Tropaeolum minus, bush nasturtiumannual with deep yellow flowers smaller than the common garden nasturtium Tropaeolum peregrinum, canary creeper, canarybird flower, canarybird vinea climber having flowers that are the color of canaries pitcher plantany of several insectivorous herbs of the order Sarraceniales daily dew, sundew, sundew plantany of various bog plants of the genus Drosera having leaves covered with sticky hairs that trap and digest insects; cosmopolitan in distribution Dionaea muscipula, Venus's flytrap, Venus's flytrapscarnivorous plant of coastal plains of the Carolinas having sensitive hinged marginally bristled leaf blades that close and entrap insects Aldrovanda vesiculosa, waterwheel plantfloating aquatic carnivorous perennial of central and southern Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia having whorls of 6 to 9 leaves ending in hinged lobes for capturing e.g. water fleas Drosophyllum lusitanicumperennial of dry habitats whose leaves have glandular hairs that secrete adhesive and digestive fluid for capture and digestion of insects; Portugal, southern Spain and Morocco roridulaeither of 2 species of the genus Roridula; South African viscid perennial low-growing woody shrubs stonecropany of various northern temperate plants of the genus Sedum having fleshy leaves and red or yellow or white flowers Sedum rosea, midsummer-men, rose-rootEurasian mountain plant with fleshy pink-tipped leaves and a cluster of yellow flowers Sedum telephium, live-forever, livelong, orpin, orpineperennial northern temperate plant with toothed leaves and heads of small purplish-white flowers Saxifraga aizoides, yellow mountain saxifragetufted evergreen perennial having ciliate leaves and yellow corymbose flowers often spotted orange Saxifraga granulata, fair-maids-of-France, meadow saxifragerosette-forming perennial having compact panicles of white flowers; Europe Saxifraga hypnoides, mossy saxifragetufted or mat-forming perennial of mountains of Europe; cultivated for its white flowers Saxifraga occidentalis, western saxifragesaxifrage having loose clusters of white flowers on hairy stems growing from a cluster of basal leaves; moist slopes of western North America Saxifraga oppositifolia, purple saxifrageplants forming dense cushions with bright reddish-lavender flowers; rocky areas of Europe and Asia and western North America Saxifraga stellaris, star saxifrage, starry saxifragesmall often mat-forming alpine plant having small starlike white flowers; Europe Saxifraga sarmentosam, Saxifraga stolonifera, mother-of-thousands, strawberry geranium, strawberry saxifrageeastern Asiatic saxifrage with racemes of small red-and-white flowers; spreads by numerous creeping stolons Astilbe biternata, false goatsbeardNorth American astilbe with panicles of creamy white flowers Astilbe chinensis pumila, dwarf astilbemat-forming evergreen Asiatic plant with finely cut leaves and small pink to burgundy flowers; grown as ground cover Astilbe japonica, spiraea, spireaa Japanese shrub that resembles members of the genus Spiraea; widely cultivated in many varieties for its dense panicles of flowers in many colors; often forced by florists for Easter blooming Heuchera americana, rock geraniumplant with basal leaves mottled with white and flowers in lax panicles on erect stems Heuchera cylindrica, poker alumroot, poker heucheraplant with leathery heart-shaped leaf blades clustered at base of long stalks with greenish-white flowers clustered along the upper part; western North America Heuchera sanguinea, coralbellsperennial plant of the western United States having bright red flowers in feathery spikes; used as an ornamental Mitella diphylla, fairy cupmiterwort of northeastern North America usually with two opposite leaves on erect flowering stems that terminate in erect racemes of white flowers Mitella pentandra, five-point bishop's capsmall plant with leaves in a basal cluster and tiny greenish flowers in slender racemes; northwestern North America to California and Colorado Suksdorfia violaceae, violet suksdorfiaslender delicate plant with wide roundish deeply lobed leaves and deep pink to violet funnel-shaped flowers; British Columbia to northern Oregon and west to Idaho and Montana Greek valerian, Jacob's ladder, Polemonium caeruleum, Polemonium van-bruntiae, Polymonium caeruleum van-bruntiae, charitypinnate-leaved European perennial having bright blue or white flowers Greek valerian, Polemonium reptanserect or spreading perennial of the eastern United States Polemonium boreale, northern Jacob's ladderperennial erect herb with white flowers; circumboreal Polemonium viscosum, skunk-weed, skunkweedtall herb of the Rocky Mountains having sticky leaves and an offensive smell Phlox bifida, Phlox stellaria, chickweed phlox, sand phloxlow mat-forming herb of rocky places in United States Phlox subulata, dwarf phlox, moss phlox, moss pink, mountain phloxlow tufted perennial phlox with needlelike evergreen leaves and pink or white flowers; native to United States and widely cultivated as a ground cover Linanthus dianthiflorus, fringed pink, ground pink, moss pinklow wiry-stemmed branching herb or southern California having fringed pink flowers Linanthus dichotomus, evening-snowsmall California annual with white flowers Acanthus mollis, bear's breech, bear's breeches, sea hollywidely cultivated southern European acanthus with whitish purple-veined flowers Anchusa officinalis, alkanet, buglossperennial or biennial herb cultivated for its delicate usually blue flowers Anchusa capensis, cape forget-me-notanchusa of southern Africa having blue flowers with white throats Anchusa riparia, cape forget-me-notanchusa of southern Africa having blue to red-purple flowers beggar lice, beggar's liceEurasian and North American plants having small prickly nutlets that stick to clothing Symphytum officinale, boneset, common comfreyEuropean herb having small white, pink or purple flowers; naturalized as a weed in North America Hydrophyllum virginianum, Indian salad, John's cabbage, Shawnee salad, Virginia waterleaf, shawnyshowy perennial herb with white flowers; leaves sometimes used as edible greens in southeastern United States Nemophila maculata, five-spotCalifornia annual having white flowers with a deep purple blotch on each petal Agastache nepetoides, yellow giant hyssoperect perennial with stout stems and yellow-green flowers; southern Canada and southeastern United States Agastache foeniculum, anise hyssopmuch-branched North American herb with an odor like fennel Agastache mexicana, Mexican hyssoperect perennial of Mexico having rose to crimson flowers Ajuga reptans, creeping buglelow rhizomatous European carpeting plant having spikes of blue flowers; naturalized in parts of United States Ajuga genevensis, blue bugle, erect bugleupright rhizomatous perennial with bright blue flowers; southern Europe Ajuga pyramidalis, pyramid bugleEuropean evergreen carpeting perennial Ajuga chamaepitys, ground pine, yellow buglelow-growing annual with yellow flowers dotted red; faintly aromatic of pine resin; Europe, British Isles and North Africa Blephilia hirsuta, hairy wood minta variety of wood mint Blephilia celiata, downy wood minta variety of wood mint Calamintha sylvatica, Satureja calamintha officinalis, common calamintmint-scented perennial of central and southern Europe Calamintha grandiflora, Clinopodium grandiflorum, Satureja grandiflora, large-flowered calamintaromatic herb with large pink flowers; southern and southeastern Europe; Anatolia; northern Iran Calamintha nepeta, Calamintha nepeta glantulosa, Satureja calamintha glandulosa, Satureja nepeta, field balm, lesser calamintlow-growing strongly aromatic perennial herb of southern Europe to Great Britain; naturalized in United States Coleus amboinicus, Coleus aromaticus, Plectranthus amboinicus, country boragean aromatic fleshy herb of India and Ceylon to South Africa; sometimes placed in genus Plectranthus Coleus blumei, Joseph's coat, Solenostemon blumei, Solenostemon scutellarioides, painted nettleperennial aromatic herb of southeastern Asia having large usually bright-colored or blotched leaves and spikes of blue-violet flowers; sometimes placed in genus Solenostemon Lamium album, white dead nettleEuropean dead nettle with white flowers Lamium amplexicaule, henbitEurasian plant having toothed leaves and small two-lipped white or purplish-red flowers Origanum vulgare, marjoram, oregano, pot marjoram, wild marjoram, winter sweetaromatic Eurasian perennial Majorana hortensis, Origanum majorana, knotted marjoram, sweet marjoramaromatic European plant native to Mediterranean and Turkey; not widespread in Europe Origanum dictamnus, cretan dittany, crete dittany, dittany of crete, hop marjoram, winter sweetdwarf aromatic shrub of Crete Marrubium vulgare, common horehound, white horehoundEuropean aromatic herb with hairy leaves and numerous white flowers in axillary cymes; leaves yield a bitter extract use medicinally and as flavoring Mentha arvensis, corn mint, field mintEuropean mint naturalized in United States Mentha aquatica, water mint, water-minta European mint that thrives in wet places; has a perfume like that of the bergamot orange; naturalized in eastern North America Mentha citrata, bergamot mint, eau de cologne mint, lemon mintmint with leaves having perfume like that of the bergamot orange Mentha longifolia, horseminta coarse Old World wild water mint having long leaves and spikelike clusters of flowers; naturalized in the eastern United States Mentha piperita, peppermintherb with downy leaves and small purple or white flowers that yields a pungent oil used as a flavoring Mentha spicata, spearmintcommon garden herb having clusters of small purplish flowers and yielding an oil used as a flavoring Mentha rotundifolia, Mentha suaveolens, apple mint, applemintmint with apple-scented stems of southern and western Europe; naturalized in United States Mentha pulegium, pennyroyalEurasian perennial mint have small lilac-blue flowers and ovate leaves; yields an aromatic oil Monarda didyma, bee balm, beebalm, bergamot mint, oswego teaperennial aromatic herb of eastern North America having variously colored tubular flowers in dense showy heads Monarda punctata, horseminttall erect perennial or annual having lanceolate leaves and heads of purple-spotted creamy flowers; many subspecies grown from eastern to southwestern United States and in Mexico Monarda fistulosa, bee balm, beebalmperennial herb of North America Monarda citriodora, horsemint, lemon mintan annual horsemint of central and western United States and northern Mexico Monarda pectinata, plains lemon monardaannual of southern United States Monarda clinopodia, basil balmperennial herb of North America (New York to Illinois and mountains of Alaska) having aromatic leaves and clusters of yellowish-pink balls Ocimum basilicum, common basil, sweet basilannual or perennial of tropical Asia having spikes of small white flowers and aromatic leaves; one of the most important culinary herbs; used in salads, casseroles, sauces and some liqueurs Physostegia virginiana, false dragon head, false dragonhead, obedient plantNorth American plant having a spike of two-lipped pink or white flowers Pycnanthemum virginianum, basil mintperennial herb of the eastern United States having inconspicuous greenish flowers and narrow leaves that are very aromatic when bruised Salvia azurea, blue sageblue-flowered sage of dry prairies of the eastern United States Salvia clarea, clary sagestout Mediterranean sage with white or pink or violet flowers; yields oil used as a flavoring and in perfumery Salvia farinacea, blue sage, mealy sageTexas sage having intensely blue flowers Salvia lancifolia, Salvia reflexa, blue sagesage of western North America to Central America having violet-blue flowers; widespread in cultivation Salvia leucophylla, chaparral sage, purple sagesilvery-leaved California herb with purple flowers Salvia lyrata, cancer weed, cancerweedsage of eastern United States Salvia officinalis, common sage, ramonashrubby plant with aromatic greyish-green leaves used as a cooking herb Salvia pratensis, meadow clarytall perennial Old World salvia with violet-blue flowers; found in open grasslands Salvia sclarea, claryaromatic herb of southern Europe; cultivated in Great Britain as a potherb and widely as an ornamental Salvia spathacea, pitcher sageCalifornia erect and sparsely branched perennial Mexican mint, Salvia divinoruman herb from Oaxaca that has a powerful hallucinogenic effect; the active ingredient is salvinorin Salvia verbenaca, vervain sage, wild clary, wild sageEurasian sage with blue flowers and foliage like verbena; naturalized in United States Satureia hortensis, Satureja hortensis, summer savoryerect annual herb with oval leaves and pink flowers; used to flavor e.g. meats or soups or salads; southeastern Europe and naturalized elsewhere Satureia montana, Satureja montana, winter savoryerect perennial subshrub having pink or white flowers and leathery leaves with a flavor of thyme; southern Europe Thymus vulgaris, common thymecommon aromatic garden perennial native to the western Mediterranean; used in seasonings and formerly as medicine Thymus serpyllum, creeping thyme, wild thymearomatic dwarf shrub common on banks and hillsides in Europe; naturalized in United States bladderwortany of numerous aquatic carnivorous plants of the genus Utricularia some of whose leaves are modified as small urn-shaped bladders that trap minute aquatic animals butterwortany of numerous carnivorous bog plants of the genus Pinguicula having showy purple or yellow or white flowers and a rosette of basal leaves coated with a sticky secretion to trap small insects genlisearootless carnivorous swamp plants having at the base of the stem a rosette of foliage and leaves consisting of slender tubes swollen in the middle to form traps; each tube passes into two long spirally twisted arms with stiff hairs Digitalis purpurea, common foxglove, fairy bell, finger-flower, finger-root, fingerflower, fingerroottall leafy European biennial or perennial having spectacular clusters of large tubular pink-purple flowers; leaves yield drug digitalis and are poisonous to livestock Digitalis lutea, straw foxglove, yellow foxgloveEuropean yellow-flowered foxglove Verbascum blattaria, moth mulleinEuropean mullein with smooth leaves and large yellow or purplish flowers; naturalized as a weed in North America Verbascum lychnitis, white mulleindensely hairy Eurasian herb with racemose white flowers; naturalized in North America Verbascum phoeniceum, purple mulleinEurasian mullein with showy purple or pink flowers Aaron's rod, Verbascum thapsus, common mullein, flannel mullein, great mullein, torch, woolly mulleintall-stalked very woolly mullein with densely packed yellow flowers; ancient Greeks and Romans dipped the stalks in tallow for funeral torches Lycopersicon esculentum cerasiforme, cherry tomatoplant bearing small red to yellow fruit Jasmine tobacco, Nicotiana alata, flowering tobaccoSouth American ornamental perennial having nocturnally fragrant greenish-white flowers Nicotiana tabacum, common tobaccotall erect South American herb with large ovate leaves and terminal clusters of tubular white or pink flowers; cultivated for its leaves Indian tobacco, Nicotiana rustica, wild tobaccotobacco plant of South America and Mexico Nicotiana glauca, mustard tree, tree tobaccoevergreen South American shrub naturalized in United States; occasionally responsible for poisoning livestock Nierembergia repens, Nierembergia rivularis, whitecupprostrate woody South American herb with white tubular flowers often tinged with blue or rose Nierembergia frutescens, tall cupflowershrubby Chilean herb having bluish-white tubular flowers used as an ornamental Physalis pubescens, downy ground cherry, strawberry tomatodecorative American annual having round fleshy yellow berries enclosed in a bladderlike husk Chinese lantern plant, Physalis alkekengi, bladder cherry, winter cherryOld World perennial cultivated for its ornamental inflated papery orange-red calyx Physalis peruviana, cape gooseberry, purple ground cherryannual of tropical South America having edible purple fruits Physalis pruinosa, dwarf cape gooseberry, strawberry tomatostout hairy annual of eastern North America with sweet yellow fruits Mexican husk tomato, Physalis ixocarpa, jamberry, tomatilloannual of Mexico and southern United States having edible purplish viscid fruit resembling small tomatoes Physalis philadelphica, jamberry, miltomate, purple ground cherry, tomatilloMexican annual naturalized in eastern North America having yellow to purple edible fruit resembling small tomatoes Physalis viscosa, yellow henbanefound on sea beaches from Virginia to South America having greenish-yellow flowers and orange or yellow berries Salpiglossis sinuata, painted tongueChilean herb having velvety funnel-shaped yellowish or violet flowers with long tonguelike styles at the corolla throat wild parsleyany of various uncultivated umbelliferous plants with foliage resembling that of carrots or parsley Angelica Archangelica, archangel, garden angelicaa biennial cultivated herb; its stems are candied and eaten and its roots are used medicinally Angelica sylvestris, wild angelicaEuropean herb with compound leaves and white flowers; adventive on Cape Breton Island Astrantia major, greater masterwortEuropean herb with aromatic roots and leaves in a basal tuft and showy compound umbels of white to rosy flowers whorled carawaya caraway with whorled leaves Foeniculum vulgare, common fennelstrongly aromatic with a smell of aniseed; leaves and seeds used for seasoning Florence fennel, Foeniculum dulce, Foeniculum vulgare dulcegrown especially for its edible aromatic bulbous stem base cultivated parsnipEuropean biennial having a long fusiform root that has been made palatable through cultivation madnep, wild parsnipbiennial weed in Europe and America having large pinnate leaves and yellow flowers and a bitter and somewhat poisonous root; the ancestor of cultivated parsnip Italian parsley, Petroselinum crispum neapolitanum, flat-leaf parsleya variety of parsley having flat leaves Hamburg parsley, Petroselinum crispum tuberosum, turnip-rooted parsleyparsley with smooth leaves and enlarged edible taproot resembling a savory parsnip Sanicula arctopoides, footsteps-of-springsanicle of northwestern United States and British Columbia having yellow flowers Sanicula bipinnatifida, purple saniclesanicle of northwestern United States and British Columbia having yellow or red or purple flowers European sanicle, Sanicula Europaeasanicle of Europe and Asia having white to pale pink flowers Valerianella locusta, Valerianella olitoria, common corn salad, lamb's lettucewidely cultivated as a salad crop and pot herb; often a weed Peperomia argyreia, Peperomia sandersii, watermelon begoniagrown as a houseplant for its silvery striped fleshy foliage; South America Asclepias albicans, white milkweedtall herb with leafless white waxy stems and whitish starlike flowers; southwestern United States Asclepias curassavica, blood flower, swallowworttropical herb having orange-red flowers followed by pods suggesting a swallow with outspread wings; a weed throughout the tropics Asclepias exaltata, poke milkweedmilkweed of the eastern United States with leaves resembling those of pokeweed Asclepias incarnata, swamp milkweeddensely branching perennial of the eastern United States with white to crimson or purple flowers Asclepia meadii, Asclepias meadii, Mead's milkweedmilkweed of central North America; a threatened species Asclepias purpurascens, purple silkweedperennial of eastern North America having pink-purple flowers Asclepias speciosa, showy milkweedmilkweed of southern North America having large starry purple and pink flowers Asclepias subverticillata, horsetail milkweed, poison milkweedmilkweed of southwestern United States and Mexico; poisonous to livestock Asclepias tuberosa, Indian paintbrush, butterfly weed, chigger flower, chiggerflower, orange milkweed, pleurisy root, tuber rooterect perennial of eastern and southern United States having showy orange flowers Asclepias verticillata, whorled milkweedmilkweed of the eastern United States with narrow leaves in whorls and greenish-white flowers Stapelias asteriasstapelia of Cape Province having mostly dark red-brown flowers with flat starlike corollas tracheophyte, vascular plant green plant having a vascular system: ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms |
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英语词典包含147318条英英释义在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。