| 释义 |
shad·ow
I. \ˈsha(ˌ)dō, -_də; -_dəw, -_dō+V\ noun
(-s)
Etymology: Middle English shadwe, from Old English sceaduwe, sceadwe, oblique case form of sceadu shade, shadow — more at shade
1. : comparative darkness or shade within defined bounds : partial darkness or obscurity within a part of space from which rays from a source of light are cut off by an interposed opaque body
< turned into the shadow of woods — John Buchan >
< under the gathering shadow of the dim, purple sky — O.E.Rölvaag >
< the grey sagebrush and the blue-grey rock … were already in shadow — Willa Cather >
2.
a. : a reflected image (as in a mirror or in water)
b. : a colorless or scantily pigmented or stained body (as a degenerate cell or empty membrane) only faintly visible under the microscope
3. : protecting cover (as of wings) : protection from danger : shelter from observation
< under the shadow of the flag >
4.
a. : an imperfect and faint representation : an indistinct image : a dim or mystical bodying forth : adumbration
b. : an unreal appearance or image : an imaginary or delusive vision : a vain and unsubstantial object of pursuit
c. : an obscure indication : foreshadowing, prefiguration, symbol, type
d. obsolete : a representation in painting or drama in distinction from the reality portrayed
e. : an imitation of something : copy, counterpart
5.
a. : the image made by an obscured space on a surface that cuts across it usually representing in silhouette the form of the interposed body : the dark figure cast upon a surface by a body intercepting the rays from a source of light
< the shadow of a man >
< the shadow of a tree >
b. : an acoustical phenomenon similar to the optical shadow produced by an obstructing of sound waves or electric waves
< the acoustic shadow of an object contains the low-frequency components of the sound — G.A.Miller >
6. : a spiritual apparition : a spectral form : phantom
< hence, horrible shadow — Shakespeare >
7. shadows plural : shaded parts of sky and landscape merging so as to bring on darkness
< night's sable shadows from the ocean rise — John Denham >
8.
a. : a shaded or darker portion of a picture usually representing the less illuminated portions of the original
b. : the darkest areas of a photograph corresponding to the lightest areas of a negative of the same subject
9.
a. : an attenuated form : a vestigial remnant : a form from which the substance has departed
< reptiles of today are but the veriest shadow of a mighty dynasty — W.E.Swinton >
b. : a person held to resemble a shadow as a result of extreme emaciation or feebleness
10.
a. : one that follows or attends like a shadow : an inseparable companion or follower
< sin and her shadow death — John Milton >
b. : one that shadows as a spy or detective : one that follows a person in order to keep watch on his movements
11. : a small degree or portion : a slight or faint appearance : trace
< a meaning … for which there is no shadow of justification — Reginald Reynolds >
< hasn't really the shadow of a claim on us — Ellen Glasgow >
12. : a penthouse or roof over the stage of an Elizabethan theater
13. obsolete : something (as a veil or canopy) designed to afford shade or protection from light, heat, or observation
14.
a. : influence casting a spell, gloom, or unhappiness
< love is sunshine, hate is shadow — H.W.Longfellow >
b. : something qualifying adversely a usually specified state or condition (as happiness, friendship, or fame)
15.
a. : an area that is or is held to be within the shadow cast by an object : proximity, vicinity
< the Alamo … stands in the shadow of a modern skyscraper — American Guide Series: Texas >
b. : the pervasive and dominant influence, power, or reputation of someone or something
< reared under the shadow of absolutism — V.L.Parrington >
< fallen within the shadow of Roman power — Benjamin Farrington >
< a president … living in the shadow of his predecessor — H.J.Laski >
II. verb
(-ed/-ing/-s)
Etymology: Middle English shadwen, from Old English sceadwian; akin to Old High German biscatwen to overshadow, Gothic ufarskadwjan; denominative from the root of Old English sceadu shade, shadow — more at shade
transitive verb
1. archaic : to shelter or protect as with covering wings : enfold with a beneficent and protecting influence
2.
a. : to cast a shadow upon : cover or obscure with a shadow : overspread with obscurity : darken, dim
< the mountains … heavily shadowed by a storm cloud — G.R.Stewart >
< a period of … history that is still thickly shadowed — American Guide Series: Arkansas >
b. : to cast a gloom over : cloud
< a glint of displeasure shadowed his eyes — Hamilton Basso >
< his cheerful face was suddenly shadowed — Katharine N. Burt >
3. obsolete : to protect or shelter from the sun
4. obsolete : to conceal from view or knowledge : keep dark : hide
< thereby shall we shadow the numbers of our host — Shakespeare >
5. obsolete
a. : to serve as protection or security for : take under one's protection or patronage
< I saw thou wert a coward and shadowed thee — John Fletcher >
b. : to screen from blame, punishment, or wrong
6. : to represent faintly, mystically, or figuratively : indicate obscurely or in slight outline : adumbrate, betoken, prefigure, symbolize, typify
< a statment could be delicately shadowed by an illusion — A.L.Guérard >
— often used with forth or out
< my theory of right conduct which these pages shadow forth — Herbert Spencer >
< shadow forth the doubts that men may have — Sonya Rudikoff >
7. obsolete : to paint the likeness of : depict, paint, portray
8. : to follow like a shadow : attend or follow and watch closely especially in a secret manner : keep under surveillance : trail
< a detective shadowed the suspect >
< the cruiser was shadowed by a submarine >
9. archaic : shade 5
< no grays, no tones or softness to shadow the angular blacks — E.L.Wallant >
10. : to produce a shadow of
< the light shadowed him against the side of the tent >
11. : to prevent uniform deposition upon in electroplating — used of an object which by its position interferes with normal current distribution
intransitive verb
1. archaic : to cast a shadow
< the house shadowed over them — Richard Llewellyn >
2. obsolete : to become closely alike or verge in color
3. : to pass gradually or by degrees : shade off
< the mountains … were shadowing into blackness — Lonnie Coleman >
< smooth opal … shadowing to deep jade beneath the rocks — Rose Macaulay >
4. : to become overcast with or as if with shadows : grow dark or gloomy
< his eyes shadowed with doubts — B.A.Williams >
III. adjective
Etymology: shadow (I)
1. : shady
2. : having form without substance : dummy
< a shadow garrison >
< the shadow government in exile >
3.
a. : having an indistinct pattern; especially : having patterns printed on the warp threads before weaving or having the warp threads twisted to produce faint stripes when woven
< shadow prints >
b. : having a darker section of design usually in contrast to a sheer background — used especially of needlework
< shadow lace >
4. : formulated or constructed in outline so as to be capable of quick completion when needed : inactive but ready to function immediately when the need arises
< a shadow factory >
< shadow army > |