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单词 slough
释义 slough
I. \ˈslü, ˈslau̇ sometimes ˈsləf\ noun
(-s)
Etymology: Middle English slogh, from Old English slōh; akin to Middle High German slouche ditch
1.
 a. : a place of deep mud or mire : mudhole
  < walk up steep rises in the road or help rescue horses stalled in a sloughAmerican Guide Series: New Jersey >
 b. also slew or slue \ˈslü\
  (1) : a large wet or marshy place : swamp
   < Indians are still living in primitive palm-thatched huts in the sloughs of the Everglades — Merrill Folsom >
  (2) : a small marshy place lying in a local depression of dry land (as on a prairie); also : a depression that becomes marshy or filled with water
   < thousands of sloughs and potholes went dry — I.N.Gabrielson >
 c. also slew or slue
  (1) : a side channel or inlet (as from a river) : a sluggish channel : a small backwater : bayou, pond
   < lakes so close together and so intricately connected by rivers and sloughs that they may almost be called continuous — Bernard DeVoto >
  (2) : a creek in a marshland, tide flat, or bottomland
   < a narrow tidal slough, over three miles long — U.S. Board on Geographical Names Decisions >
2. obsolete : mud, mire, ooze
3. : a state of moral degradation or spiritual dejection into which one sinks or from which one cannot free oneself : an engulfing depth of something (as sin or misery) : morass
 < one of those tireless organizers who come to the rescue of doddering lodges and … bring them out of their sloughs when all hope is gone — C.W.Ferguson >
 < high hopes ended in such a slough of frustration, paralysis, and bitterness — W.W.Kaufmann >
 < music has just kept her nose above the slough of realism, romance, and melodrama — Clive Bell >
 < the sooty slough that submerges so many factory towns — American Guide Series: Vermont >
 < a slough of self-distrust >
 < a slough of mediocrity >
II. verb
(-ed/-ing/-s)
transitive verb
1. : to engulf in or as if in a slough
2. slang : arrest, imprison — usually used with in or up
intransitive verb
: to plod through mud
 < lumberjacks sloughing through swampy lowlands — D.G.Hoffman >
III. \ˈsləf\ noun
(-s)
Etymology: Middle English slughe, slouh; akin to Middle High German slūch snake skin, hose, Norwegian slo fleshy part of a horn, Dutch sluiken to slip, smuggle, Lithuanian šliaũžti to glide, crawl
1. : the skin of a snake or other animal that sheds its skin; especially : the cast-off skin
2. : a mass of dead tissue separating from an ulcer : the dead part separating from living tissues in mortification
3. : something that may be shed or cast off
 < when shall this slough of sense be cast — A.E.Housman >
 < the book is … necessarily a study in sociology, concerning itself with the struggles of a new order in casting off the slough of the old — Times Literary Supplement >
4. chiefly dialect
 a. : an outer skin, covering, or sheath
 b. : shell, husk
  < the slough on a fruit >
5. : a mass of material that has sloughed from the side of a mine working or drill hole
6. [so called from the fact that it involves sloughing or discard] : a card game that is a variety of frog or solo
IV. verb
(-ed/-ing/-s)
intransitive verb
1.
 a. : to become shed or cast off
  < a snake skin sloughs >
  < the skin of my hand and forearm sloughed in patches — J.M.Savidge >
  < his clothes hung in rags, and some of them had sloughed off — Edison Marshall >
 b. : to shed or cast off one's skin
  < the snake sloughs annually >
 c. : to become encrusted with or as if with a slough: as
  (1) : to form a slough : separate in the form of dead tissue from living tissue
   < a sloughing ulcer >
   < the dead tissue sloughs slowly >
   < a sloughing of the colon >
   — often used with off
  (2) : to cast off a thin film of scum or mass of bacterial growth or fungus
   < a filter used in sewage disposal sloughs >
2.
 a. : to crumble and fall away : fall, slide
  < fragments of rock slough from the sides of a mine working or drill hole >
  < the track had disappeared with the sloughing of the surface rock — Francis Kingdon-Ward >
  < a worn stone building with stucco sloughing from its face >
  < stream banks that have a tendency to slough at high-water level — Carpentry >
 b. : to drop or fall off : diminish in significance or intensity
  < trade sloughs off after Christmas >
3. : to slip from a bobbin or other package and tangle
 < yarn sloughs >
— usually used with off
transitive verb
1.
 a. : to cast off : throw off : ease off
  < slough dead tissue >
  < many of the teeth are supported by soft tissue only; and several of them have been sloughed — E.C.Stafne >
  < a naked tired dark man, sloughing water off his thighs — Douglas Newton >
 b. : to get rid of, abandon, or discard as irksome, objectionable, deleterious, disadvantageous, outworn, or excrescent
  < sloughed their knapsacks — H.M.Robinson >
  — usually used with off
  < sloughed off the unimportant verbiage — P.D.Leedy >
  < the tendency in furniture … to slough off many of its former crude and ungraceful characteristics — W.R.Storey >
  < author has sloughed off most of her more irritating sentimentalities — Times Literary Supplement >
  < enlarged his understanding of religion by sloughing off most of the cosmological and theological lore associated with it — P.L.Holmer >
2. : to consume or waste away by forming a slough — usually used with away
 < the ulcer sloughed away the breast >
3. : to get rid of (a playing card)
Synonyms: see discard
V. \ˈslü\
variant of slue
VI. \ˈslau̇\ transitive verb
(-ed/-ing/-s)
Etymology: probably alteration (influenced by slough) (IV) of slug (VI)
slang : to strike heavily
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更新时间:2024/12/25 8:59:04