| 释义 |
hole
I. \ˈhōl\ noun
(-s)
Etymology: Middle English, hole, hollow place, hold (of a ship), from Old English hol hole, hollow place (from neuter of hol, adjective, hollow) & Old English holh hole, hollow; akin to Old High German hol, adjective, hollow, Old Norse holr, adjective, hollow, Gothic ushulon to hollow out, Latin caulis stalk of a plant, Greek kaulos stem, and perhaps to Sanskrit kulyā brook, ditch; basic meaning: hollow
1.
a. : an opening into or through anything : aperture, perforation
< a hole in a roof >
< shot a hole through a board >
< entered the shed through a hole in the side >
< fishing through a hole in the ice >
b. : a pocket of a pool table
< dropped the eight ball in the corner hole >
c. : an opening in a defensive football lineup (as a space between players or created by a player who is out of position or has been blocked) that offers an opportunity for an offensive player to advance the ball
2.
a. : a hollow place : a cavity in a solid body or area
< a hole in an apple >
< a hole in the hillside >
as
(1) : a hollow in the ground : excavation, pit, cave
< the steam shovel had dug a large hole >
(2) : a hollow in the ground filled with soft material
(3) : a deep place in a body of water
(4) : a mine, a well, or other shaft dug or drilled in the earth
b. : an unfilled or blank area (as in a page or column printed or to be printed)
< expand your story to fill an 18-line hole >
c. : the hold of a ship
d. : a sense of loss or persistent yearning for something lost — usually used in the phrase to make a hole in
< the loss of his daughter made quite a hole in the man's life >
e.
(1) : a defect that exists in a crystal (as of a semiconductor) due to an electron having left its normal position in one of the crystal bonds and that is equivalent in many respects to a positively charged particle
(2) : vacancy 7
f. : an air pocket as it affects an aircraft usually causing it to drop suddenly
3.
a. : an underground habitation or lurking place usually excavated : den, burrow
< the fox in his hole >
< a rabbit hole >
b. : a prison cell especially for solitary confinement
4.
a. : flaw, fault
< looking for holes in his character >
b. : a weak spot or inconsistency (as in a line of reasoning)
< his stories are full of holes since he does not explain how his characters get from one psychological state to another >
< ingenious theory in which … there are many holes — V.S.Pritchett >
c. : an oversight or inadequate provision (as in a law, statute, treaty, or agreement) that permits significant evasions
< stop up the manifest holes in the neutrality laws — R.M.Lovett >
5.
a. : a small cavity or perforation of significance in various games: as
(1) : a small cavity into which a marble is to be played in any of various marble games
(2) : a usually lined cavity 4 1/2 inches in diameter and 4 or more inches deep in a putting green into which the ball is to be played in a game of golf
b.
(1) : the unit of play from a tee to its corresponding hole in a game of golf
(2) : the fairway from a tee to its corresponding green on a golf course
(3) : the score made in playing the ball from the tee into the hole in a game of golf
6.
a. : a mean, dingy, or small and disreputable place especially of lodging or habitation
< lived in some hole or other across the tracks >
< the ladies' cabin … is a dreadful hole — Rachel Henning >
b. : a place that one finds objectionable or offensive
7. : a small bay : cove
8. : an awkward embarrassing position : fix
< the loss of so competent an assistant put him in a hole for a little while >
< the noble heroes that got the rebels out of a hole at the battle of Long Island — Kenneth Roberts >
: a losing position
< the ball team dropped the next two games which put them in the hole by five games >
especially : a position of debt or financial loss
< in the hole to the tune of several thousand dollars >
< lent him some money to get him temporarily out of a hole >
9. West : a level grassy mountain valley — usually used in place names
< Jackson Hole >
10. : a side track branching from a main line of a railroad
•
- in the hole
II. verb
(-ed/-ing/-s)
Etymology: Middle English holen, from Old English holian; akin to Old High German holōn to hollow out, Old Norse hola, Gothic ushulon; denominative from the root of Old English hol hole
transitive verb
1. : to make a hole in (as by cutting, digging, boring, or shooting at) : perforate, pierce
< holing the fence posts to take the crosspieces >
< the ship was holed along the waterline by enemy fire >
2.
a. : to drive (as an animal or ball) into a hole
< the dogs holed the fox >
< holed the ball in a single shot >
b. : to place in a hole
3. : to undercut (the coal) in a bed in coal mining
intransitive verb
1. : to make a hole in something; especially : to excavate or undercut in coal mining
2.
a. : to go or get into a hole
b. of a train : to take a side track so that an oncoming train can pass on the main track |