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单词 in
释义 in
I. \(|)in, ən; usu ən after t, d, s, or z as in “split in two”, often əm after p or b as in “up in front”, often əŋ after k or g as in “sick in bed”, often n before ə as in “heʸs in a hurry”\ preposition
Etymology: Middle English, from Old English; akin to Old High German in, preposition, in, Old Norse ī, Gothic in, Latin in, Greek en, Old Prussian en, Russian v, vo, vn-
1.
 a.
  (1) — used as a function word to indicate location or position in space or in some materially bounded object
   < put the key in the lock >
   < travel in Italy >
   < play in the street >
   < wounded in the leg >
   < read in bed >
   < look up a quotation in a book >
  (2) chiefly Britain : on
   < squatting down in his heels — R.M.Daw >
   < tramcars which run in tracks — Manual of Firemanship (Gt. British) >
   < best dwelling house in the island — Padraic Fallon >
  (3) : into
   < broke in pieces >
   < called in council on many occasions — U.S. Investor >
   < threw it in the fire >
   < wouldn't let her in the house — Springfield (Massachusetts) Daily News >
 b.
  (1) — used as a function word to indicate position or location in something immaterial or intangible
   < saw him in my dreams >
   < the position of the artist in society >
   or the fact of belonging to a group or association
   < you're in the army now >
   < are you in the orchestra >
  (2) — used as a function word to indicate activity, occupation, or purpose
   < advanced in hot pursuit >
   < in search of lost treasure >
   < in honor of this event >
   < what is all this in aid of … — Sydney (Australia) Bulletin >
  (3) — used as a function word to indicate a position or relationship of authority or responsibility
   < in charge of the company's affairs >
   < in command of the garrison >
  (4) : in the course of
   < in cooling this material hardens >
   < drowned in crossing the river >
  (5) — used as a function word to indicate close connection by way of implication or active participation
   < in the plot >
   < in an amateur play >
  (6) — used as a function word to indicate engagement in a business identified with a particular commodity
   < he's in oil, he's in rice — Ethel Merman >
   < her mother's family were … in butter — Mary Manning >
   < was in buttons but had started to expand into novelties — Mary Barrett >
 c.
  (1) — used as a function word to indicate a material, mental, or moral situation or condition
   < a house in ruins >
   < a boy in love >
   < he's in luck >
   < in great pain >
   < up to his waist in water >
   or an environing condition
   < the city lay in darkness >
   < basking in sunshine >
  (2) — used as a function word to indicate something that envelops or covers
   < a book bound in buckram >
   < covered in mud — Nevil Shute >
   < covered in … cotton plaid — Spiegel's Catalog >
  (3) — used as a function word to indicate a cultivated or natural plant cover
   < valley bottom is in grass — P.E.James >
   < 75 percent of all the cropped land is in cereals — Samuel Van Valkenburg & Ellsworth Huntington >
   < most of the surface is in woods or brush — L.E.Klimm >
  (4) — used as a function word to indicate something that is being worn
   < a tall man in a bowler hat — Christopher Isherwood >
   < racing the horse in binders >
   — often used to indicate a salient characteristic of what is being worn
   < a lady in black >
 d. — used as a function word with an accompanying concrete word to indicate a physiological condition or process (as pregnancy or the condition of producing or yielding)
  < in lamb >
  < a cow in milk >
 e.
  (1) — used as a function word with an accompanying concrete word to indicate affluence or easy financial circumstances
   < the Madrileño in the money loves to make a splash — E.D.Hauser >
   < I am generally in cash — Lord Byron >
  (2) — used as a function word to indicate possession or display of some trait or attribute
   < a gentleman in a gray goatee — Al Hine >
   < the sheep are in wool >
   < the corn's in silk and tassel — G.S.Perry >
   < in figure slim — W.H.Hudson †1922 >
 f. : under the influence of (an alcoholic drink)
  < when in liquor, he would scutter up a tree like a squirrel — S.H.Adams >
  < in drink >
  < in one's cups >
2.
 a.
  (1) : within the limits of a space of time expressed or implied
   < early in April >
   < come in time >
   < in the days of my childhood >
   < in a few minutes he was there >
  (2) : during the course of : during
   < in his long journeys throughout the country — Darcy Ribeiro >
   < in all that time I never saw him >
  (3) : during the space of : at any time during : for
   < the coldest day in twenty years >
   < have not seen him in months >
 b. : at
  < united in this time of peril >
  < vested in the governor acting in his discretion — Achievement in the Gold Coast >
 c. — used as a function word to indicate a proportion or rate
  < the mix was one in twenty — F.W.Crofts >
3.
 a.
  (1) — used as a function word to indicate means or instrumentality
   < scribbled and scratched over … in pencil or nail — William Faulkner >
   < caught his coat in the gate latch — L.Y.Erskine >
   < treated in moist heat — F.D.Smith & Barbara Wilcox >
  (2) : by virtue of : on account of : for the reason that
   < it is also complex, in being an integral part of a rich and many-sided mind — E.R.Bentley >
   < resemble the … Uplands in the fact that generally they provide an environment unfriendly to human occupancy — Samuel Van Valkenburg & Ellsworth Huntington >
   — often used in the phrase in that
   < a fallacious argument in that it is based on false premises >
  (3) — used as a function word to indicate material or constituents
   < a memorial in Vermont granite — Bernard De Voto >
   < tell the court … in what her cargo consisted — F.W.Crofts >
   < an artist in oils >
  (4) — used as a function word to indicate degree, extent, or measure
   < flock to his exhibitions in thousands — Herbert Read >
   < in the main, we are in agreement >
   < not discouraged in the least >
  (5) — used as a function word to indicate a class of objects
   < something in a vacuum cleaner — John Steinbeck >
   < the latest thing in cars >
 b. — used as a function word to indicate manner, form, or arrangement
  < buying a pig in installments — Dodie Smith >
  < told in confidence >
  < written in French >
  < carry all your funds in traveler's checks — Richard Joseph >
 c. : with reference to : as concerns
  < wonders if actors of other countries are as happy in their audiences as we are — Phyllis Robbins >
  < care must be exercised in the amount of tannic acid used — C.M.Whittaker & C.C.Wilcock >
  < in fall color they have few peers — Laurence Lowry >
  < Greek in language, culture, and religion — Franc Shor >
  < six feet in height >
  < a library rich in manuscripts >
  < in the matter of your account >
4.
 a. — used as a function word to indicate consideration of a thing strictly limited to its own essence, nature, or merits, apart from its relations to others
  < in itself, the matter has no importance >
  < nothing is beautiful in itself >
  — compare thing-in-itself
 b. — used as a function word to indicate the specific object, sphere, or aspect to which a qualification is restricted
  < in him you have a fine leader >
  < much remains to be done in this field >
  < a very worthy gentleman, in truth >
  < that we expect in persons of your station — W.S.Gilbert >
  < my trust is in the Lord >
  < believe in his good faith >
  < rich in hope — Shakespeare >
 c.
  (1) : within — used of an inherent quality, attribute, or significance
   < has no pity in him >
   < there is nothing in that story >
  (2) : within the capacity or powers of
   < if I … had anything like that in me, it would have made itself felt before now — Hamilton Basso >
 d. : in spiritual union with
  < love one's brothers in Christ >
 e. : within the grant of : in the power or control of
  < the scholarship is in the trustees of the fund >
5. : in the key of
 < in F >

- not in it
II. \|in\ adverb
Etymology: Middle English, from Old English in, inn; akin to Old High German in, adverb, in, Old Norse & Gothic inn, Old English in, preposition
1.
 a.
  (1) : to or toward the inside especially of a house or other building : into a certain space : inside
   < the door is locked, I can't get in >
   < opened the window and climbed in >
   < broke in and made the arrest >
  (2) : in a particular direction : to or toward some destination
   < drove 20 miles in and walked the rest of the way >
   < flew in on the first plane >
   < it was shank's mare from there in — Shelby Foote >
  (3) : into a position of proximity : so as to be near some point : near
   < trackless trolleys able to swing in to the curb — Springfield (Massachusetts) Union >
   < the enemy closed in >
   : at close quarters
   < advised the infielders to play in >
  (4) : so as to envelop gradually with something intangible or nebulous
   < darkness closed in >
   < the fog moved in >
 b. : into the midst or into the surface of something so as to form a part
  < put in some sugar >
  < mix in the flour >
  < paint in another figure >
  — often used in combination
  < built-in stabilizers >
 c.
  (1) : to its place
   < fit a piece in >
  (2) : so as to conform, agree, or submit : into line
   < fell in with our plans >
   < will he fit in >
 d.
  (1) : to or into a particular place
   < get your orders in early >
   < called us in for a conference >
  (2) : to one's house
   < had some friends in for dinner >
   < had a girl in to serve >
2.
 a.
  (1) : within a particular place; especially : within the customary place of residence, practice, or business
   < is your mother in >
   < the doctor will be in at 2 >
  (2) : in a place that is the goal of a journey or course : at one's destination or terminus
   < the whole whaling fleet was in — H.A.Chippendale >
   < wild riders of the High Plains, in from the ranches — American Guide Series: Texas >
   < is the train in >
   < two runs in last inning >
  (3) : in place or position
   < is the key in >
   < had to climb a ladder because the stairs were not yet inCurrent Biography >
   < the footings are already inBuilding Estimating & Contracting >
 b.
  (1) : on the interior or inner side : within
   < shut a person in >
  (2) : so as to confine or surround
   < snowed in >
   < fence cattle in >
  (3) : in jail or prison
   < what offense is he in for >
  (4) of a ship's sails : in a furled or stowed condition
 c.
  (1) : in the position of a participant, accomplice, insider, or observer — usually used with on
   < it's exciting to be in on that — May Sarton >
   < was in on the scheme — E.S.Morgan >
   < let some members of the diplomatic corps in on the government's intention — Sydney Gruson >
   < bankers who are in on current … thinking — Wall Street Journal >
   < time his visit so that he might sit in on the Civil War — Theatre Arts >
  (2) : in or into participation in a pot by betting as required by the rules
   < come in for three chips >
   < count me in >
   < stay in the pot >
 d.
  (1) : in office or power
   < the Tories were in again — John Strachey >
  also : in the position of having won an election
   < in by a landslide >
  (2) : with legal privilege or title : in possession — used of a holding, possession, or seisin
   < in by descent >
  (3) : in someone's good graces : on good terms — usually used with with
   < in with the courthouse gang — D.D.McKean >
   < in strong with the white folks — Ralph Ellison >
  (4) : in a specified relation as regards favor, esteem, or terms of association
   < in bad with the boss >
  (5) : in a position of assured or definitive success
   < by the end of the performance I was in — Emmett Kelly >
   < why, you're in, fellow — Amateur Athlete >
  also : in vogue or style
   < jewelry is in this year — G.A.Wagner >
 e.
  (1) chiefly Britain : in or into a burning or lighted condition
   < blow in a fire >
   < the streetlights … were in — E.M.Lustgarten >
  (2) : in season
   < strawberries are in >
   : in cultivation
   < had some two hundred acres in — Eve Langley >
   : in condition to be harvested : in mature condition
   < when cotton is in their devotion to the crop alters them completely — American Guide Series: Arkansas >
  (3) : at bat (as in cricket)
   < the last man in >
  (4) of an oil well : in or into production
   < the well has come in >
  (5) : in effect
   < rationing by points is over and rationing by the purse is inEconomist >
 f.
  (1) : in one's possession or control : at one's disposal : at hand
   < the evidence is not all in — W.C.Allee >
   < the answers aren't in — Roscoe Drummond >
  (2) : in a completed or terminated state
   < when our own crops were in — A.W.Barkley >
   < after harvests are in >
  (3) : in evidence : on hand
   < October was in, mild and languorous — Maurice Hewlett >
  (4) : in a specified service or employment
   < had in enough time as mate — H.A.Chippendale >
   < put in a lot of time on that job >
3. : to the end : indefinitely — used as an intensive with on
 < every feeding time from there on in — Land Kaderli >

- in for
- in for it
III. transitive verb
(inned ; inned ; inning ; ins)
Etymology: Middle English innen, from Old English innian to include, go in, from in, inn, adverb
now dialect chiefly England : enclose, reclaim; also : harvest
IV. adjective
Etymology: in (II)
1.
 a. : that is located inside or within
  < the in part >
 b. : that is in position, connection, operation, or power
  < the in party >
 c. : having its inning
  < the in team >
2. : that is directed inward : proceeding or bound toward the interior or inner side : incoming
 < the in train >
V. noun
(-s)
Etymology: in (II)
1. : one who is in office or power or on the inside
 < wanted to be an in — W.A.White >
— usually used in plural
 < a matter of ins versus outs — L.K.Caldwell >
2. : influence, pull
 < enjoyed some sort of in with the commandant — Henriette Roosenburg >
 < must have an in someplace — W.R.Burnett >
3. : a ball hit in bounds in tennis or squash
VI. abbreviation
1. inch
2. inlet
I. adjective
(-es)
1. : inside 3a
 < an in joke >
2. : extremely fashionable ; broadly : having widespread popularity
 < the in place to go >
3. : keenly aware of and responsive to what is new and smart
 < the in crowd >
in-ness \ˈinnə̇s\ noun
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