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单词 sustain
释义 sus·tain
\səˈstān\ verb
(-ed/-ing/-s)
Etymology: Middle English susteinen, sustenen, from Old French sustenir, from Latin sustinēre to hold up, sustain, from sus- (variant of sub- up) + -tinēre (from tenēre to hold) — more at sub-, thin
transitive verb
1. : to give support (as military support) to : uphold by aiding or backing up : furnish relief to
 < if the director be sustained in the general endeavor to make the observatory useful — Cleveland Abbe >
 < they had behind them no great organization such as that which sustained French and his colleagues — F.W.Crofts >
 < the officer witnesses … with a record of service to their country to sustain them — H.W.Baldwin >
2. : to provide for the support or maintenance of : supply with sustenance : nourish
 < plant life sustains the living world — D.C.Peattie >
 < commitment of trained men to the machines that sustain war — C.W.deKiewiet >
 < the sort of defense which our economy can sustain — W.F.Knowland >
 < settlements along the seacoast … are sustained by the fishing trade — American Guide Series: New Jersey >
 < preached as he never preached before, sustaining himself with lemon juice and vegetables — Time >
3.
 a. : to cause to continue (as in existence or a certain state or in force or intensity) : to keep up especially without interruption, diminution, or flagging : maintain, prolong
  < found it difficult to sustain an interest in their talk — L.C.Douglas >
  < the sort of writing which early established and has long sustained his reputation — Bliss Perry >
  < policies which they said would be needed to sustain prosperity — Fritz Sternberg >
  < the civil war period was lived at a high tension that could not be sustained — H.L.Matthews >
  < dissatisfaction with the work of the legislatures sustains the efforts of those critics — A.N.Holcombe >
  < difficult for even the most attentive and genuinely musical listener to sustain maximum attention every minute — Hunter Mead >
  < too fatigued to sustain a consecutive conversation — Lucien Price >
 b.
  (1) : to allow (a musical tone) to sound without dying away as long as the rhythm will permit
  (2) : to play (a musical composition or part) in legato style
4.
 a. : to bear up from or as if from below : support the weight of : hold up : prop
  < bones are the solid elements of structure that sustain the body — Morris Fishbein >
  < pins suitable for sustaining kilts — Ashley Halsey >
 b. : to carry or withstand (a weight or pressure)
  < the dam … could not sustain the heavy head of water — American Guide Series: Minnesota >
  < beam … had to be much thicker in order to sustain even the same weight — S.F.Mason >
5. : to prevent (as one's mind or spirit) from sinking or giving way : buoy up
 < the scientist … is sustained, as are the religious, by a profound and unshakable faith — P.B.Sears >
 < excitement sustained me — Polly Adler >
 < hope that had sustained them — Frank Yerby >
 < sustain the morale of the civilian population — R.D.W.Connor >
 < I read history to sustain myself in the violent confusions of these years — Ralph Bates >
 < comfort and sustain the parents — Agnes S. Turnbull >
6. : endure: as
 a. : to submit to without failing or yielding : bear up under
  < I couldn't sustain such an act — Rex Ingamells >
  < a man bravely sustaining the burden of fear — Time >
  < he would wonder whether he could ever again sustain a year's teaching — Lucien Price >
 b. : to bear as an affliction : to bear with suffering
  < the tremendous nervous shock which has been sustained — H.G.Armstrong >
  < sustained a concussion of the brain — Allan Nevins >
 c. : suffer, receive, undergo
  < must be prepared to sustain heavy losses — Bruce Bliven b. 1889 >
  < the walls of its building bear bullet scars sustained in a riot — American Guide Series: New York City >
7.
 a. : to support as true, legal, or just; sometimes : contend
 b. : to allow or admit as valid
  < the court sustained the motion >
8. : to support by adequate proof : establish, corroborate, confirm
 < testimony that sustains our contention >
 < a thesis which no one … could conceivably sustainTimes Literary Supplement >
9. : to act the part of (a character)
 < no reason why she should not have sustained both roles — Anthony Powell >
 < directing that no letter or message be received on any occasion whatsoever from the enemy … but such as should be directed to them in the characters they respectively sustained — H.E.Scudder >
intransitive verb
: bear, maintain
 < beyond a country's capacity to sustain, it recommended grants rather than loans — Americas >
Synonyms: see experience, support
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更新时间:2024/11/11 20:02:56