| 单词 | dialect |
| 释义 | dialect I. dialect obsolete II. di·a·lect 1. a. < the Attic, Ionic, Aeolic, and Doric dialects of ancient Greek > < the Bavarian, Alemannic, and Franconian dialects of Old High German > b. < French and Italian are Romance dialects > < Russian and Bulgarian are Slavic dialects > < English and Sanskrit are Indo-European dialects > c. < the Lancashire dialect of English > < the Neapolitan dialect of Italian > < he knows the dialect of the southern mountains well > — see midland dialect, northern, southern; compare idiolect☞In this dictionary the label dial is dialect sense 1c and is affixed to words and senses to indicate, when in combination with a specific regional label, a specific regional pattern of use and, when unqualified, a regional pattern too complex for summary, usually including several regional varieties of American or of American and British English d. < the dialect of the atomic physicist > e. < peasant dialect > educational level < he speaks and writes the standard dialect of his language > or first language < Italian-American dialect > ) 2. < this book is writ in such a dialect as may the minds of listless men affect — John Bunyan > < no composer of the first rank has been able to say all he wanted to without remolding the current musical language into at least a distinct dialect of his own to say it in — Gerald Abraham > 3. < some playwrights use more dialect than others > Synonyms: < Yorkshire dialect > < the dialects of Texas > < the following outline of Anglo-Saxon grammar is restricted to the West Saxon dialect — J.W.Bright > This word may or may not connote marked difference from a received standard language or marked preference for that received standard language. patois is likely to suggest a regional dialect, especially one used by the unlettered < the patois of the peasantry around Carcassonne > The word is of French origin and its use is likely to be more common in Romance language areas than elsewhere. creole is used mainly in reference to languages that come into existence when a politically or economically subordinate group adopts the language of a dominant group, usually with very considerable modification < the creole of Haiti > jargon may apply to a quickly evolved mixed linguistic form for simple communication between speakers of different languages, like Bêche-de-Mer or Pidgin English. jargon may also signify a phase of language containing an undue number of words unfamiliar to the average speaker < the technical jargons of sport — C.E.Montague > < the proper meaning of jargon is writing that employs technical words not commonly intelligible — Ernest Gowers > lingo, a word more common in preceding centuries than now, is often derogatory and stresses the incomprehensibility of a strange language or unfamiliar phase of one's own language < a lingo that few people understand or care about — C.C.Furnas > slang is likely to indicate a complex of words and constructions preferred within a limited group, especially an informal one, to the standard language, and often more or less forceful or novel in their suggestion. argot sometimes refers specifically to the forms of speech used in criminal groups < the professional criminal speaks one or more argots in addition to colloquial English — D.W.Maurer > cant, which usually has derogatory implications, may be applied to the language of thieves and their companions, or to the special languages of artisans or even of learned or professional groups, especially if one wishes to riducule, although jargon is perhaps more common in designating the language of the latter. < the pseudoscientific cant which is talked about the “Baconian philosophy” — T.H.Huxley > vernacular, with less suggestion of the derogatory than the others in this group, denotes the simple, colloquial, everyday speech of the commoner in contrast to more bookish and erudite speech < his gumption, to use the vernacular word — William James > patter may suggest fast, glib, voluble speech, ostensibly spontaneous, to lull or deceive < the dispute resembles a conjuror's patter — its primary purpose is to divert attention from what is going on elsewhere — Economist > < the patter of a professional guide — H.S.Canby > Synonym: see in addition language. III. dialect |
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