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单词 bluff
释义 bluff
I. \ˈbləf\ adjective
(-er/-est)
Etymology: obsolete Dutch blaf flat, broad; akin to Middle Low German blaff smooth, even
1.
 a. : having a broad flattened front
  < the bluff bows of a ship >
 b. : rising steeply with a broad front either flat or rounded
  < the bluff banks of the river >
2. dialect England : surly, rough
3. : having a good-naturedly abrupt, frank, and outspoken manner : heartily blunt
 < a bluff and rugged natural leader with impulsive determination and an explosive personality — John Warner >
 < a bluff aggressive manner >
Synonyms:
 blunt, brusque, curt, crusty, gruff: bluff, the only completely complimentary one of these terms, implies a rough, hearty good nature
  < a bluff, burly, hearty-looking man in a short blue jacket — Kenneth Roberts >
  < a bluff and hearty fellow who looks more like a marine combat officer than the fine musician which he really is — Current Biography >
  blunt ranges from being a near equivalent to bluff to implying an outspokenness inconsiderate of or discourteous to others
  < permit me to be businesslike and perhaps blunt, as my train leaves in one hour — Sinclair Lewis >
  < the Herald said the chief of police could best show his own lack of complicity by speedily catching and convicting the murderer or murderers. The editorial was blunt and bitter — Dashiell Hammett >
  brusque stresses sharp quickness and unceremoniousness
  < never again would she exclaim, in her brusque tone of genial ruthlessness: “Fiddlesticks” — Arnold Bennett >
  < at first he thought that Dirk was the cause of the disaster, and he was needlessly brusque with him — W.S.Maugham >
  curt stresses shortness and may or may not imply discourtesy
  < at breakfast … she was curt. “I don't care to discuss it,” she said — Sinclair Lewis >
  < it was the first of the month and there were curt notes from the water company — John Steinbeck >
  crusty suggests a harsh, uncivil, irascible manner, sometimes concealing an inner kindliness
  < the lashing tongue of a crusty disciplinarian — F.V.W.Mason >
  < this crusty old lawyer, who had made no bones about his contempt for the tetrarch — L.C.Douglas >
  gruff also implies a harsh surly manner and curt, perhaps guttural, utterance
  < a man's voice, ill-tempered and gruff, rose through the shadowy room — Louis Bromfield >
  < “Fool” said the sophist, in an undertone gruff with contempt — John Keats >
II. noun
(-s)
1. : a high steep bank (as by a river or the sea or beside a ravine or plain) : a cliff with a broad face
 < a fort on the bluff overlooking the junction of the rivers >
2. North : a clump of trees on the open plain : grove
III. verb
(-ed/-ing/-s)
Etymology: probably from Dutch bluffen to boast, play a kind of card game, from Middle Dutch, to strike, beat, to swell up, alteration of buffen, boffen, from buf, bof blow, swollen face; probably of imitative origin
transitive verb
1. obsolete : blindfold
2. : to deceive (an opponent in cards) by a bold bet on an inferior hand with the result that the opponent drops a winning hand — often used with out
3.
 a. : to deter, dissuade, or frighten by pretense or a mere show of strength : frighten off
  < with the power of England behind him had bluffed the Hamburg merchants out of participating — W.P.Webb >
 b. : to cause to believe what is not true : mislead, deceive
  < wanted to bluff them into thinking that the route of the railroad had been changed >
 c. : to make a pretense of : feign
  < the catcher bluffed a throw to first base >
intransitive verb
1.
 a. : to bet boldly on a poor hand in poker in the hope that an opponent will drop
 b. : to make any show of strength not justified by the hand held in a card game with the intention of deceiving an opponent
2. : to make use of pretense, a mere show of strength, or deception : sham
 < it is destructive of public goodwill to bluff or fake when you cannot give the information requested — Lou Smyth >
IV. noun
(-s)
1. : a binder or blinker especially for a horse
2. : straight poker
3.
 a. : an act or instance of bluffing
  < having … nothing to support his pretensions he decided to put up a bluff — Sherwood Anderson >
  < he put on a good bluff >
  < it was all a bluff >
 b. : the practice of bluffing
  < the agreement had been reached after weeks of bluff and haggle — Time >
4. : one that bluffs
 < he was pretty much of a bluff >
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更新时间:2024/9/23 14:32:28