英语词汇“voluntary”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

单词	voluntary
释义	vol·un·tary I. \ˈvälən.ˌterē, -ri\ adjective Etymology: Middle English, from Latin voluntarius, from voluntas will, choice (from vol-, stem of velle to will, wish) + -arius -ary — more at will 1. a. : proceeding from the will : produced in or by an act of choice < voluntary action > b. : performed, made, or given of one's own free will < a voluntary task > < voluntary services > < voluntary contributions > < voluntary efforts > c. obsolete : ready, willing d. : done by design or intention : not accidental : intentional, intended < voluntary manslaughter > e. : acting of oneself : not constrained, impelled, or influenced by another : spontaneous, free < voluntary worker > < voluntary or forced labor > f. obsolete : growing spontaneously g. : acting or done of one's own free will without valuable consideration : acting or done without any present legal obligation to do the thing done or any such obligation that can accrue from the existing state of affairs 2. : of or relating to the will : subject to or regulated by the will < voluntary behavior > < voluntary control > < voluntary motions > 3. : able to will < man is a voluntary agent > 4. a. : provided or supported by voluntary action or support < the hospital is a voluntary one with 400 beds — Science > < the importance of voluntary societies in a democracy > b. : of or relating to voluntarism < sell blanket insurance policies covering medical, dental, and hospital care to the public on a voluntary basis — Current Biography > Synonyms: voluntary, intentional, deliberate, willful, and willing can agree in meaning done, made, brought about, and so on, of one's own free will. voluntary implies freedom from any compulsion that could constrain one's choice; often it suggests merely spontaneity, or, in contrast with involuntary, stresses the control of the will < a voluntary confession of guilt > < a voluntary taking of life > < voluntary muscle movements > intentional contrasts with accidental and inadvertent in specifying an intention and purpose < an intentional insult > < any injury to bystanders at an auto race cannot be considered intentional > deliberate carries the idea of full knowledge or full consciousness of the nature of an intended action < a deliberate lie > < deliberate acts of vandalism > < an organized and deliberate attack — carefully planned and calculated — New York Times > willful adds to deliberate the idea of a refusal to be advised or directed in any way and an obstinate determination to act despite all wiser opposing forces or considerations < a willful disobedience > < a gigantic glorification of vice and crime, a willful inversion of all normal ethical standards — Joseph Frank > willing implies such qualities as agreeableness or openmindedness that make one ready or eager to accede to others' wishes or effect an end pleasing to them < my most willing activity is listening to my secretary — O.W.Holmes †1935 > < no aspect of the world of science to which we cannot find willing and thrilling guidance — G.I.Schwartz > II. adverb Etymology: Middle English, from voluntary (I) : voluntarily III. noun (-es) Etymology: voluntary (I) 1. a. : a piece of music performed extempore and often improvised usually serving as a prelude to a set performance b. : a usually pipe-organ solo played before, during, or after a religious service and sometimes extemporized 2. : something done, made, or given voluntarily : a voluntary action or piece of work : a voluntary contribution 3. : one who engages in an affair of his own free will : volunteer 4. : one who advocates voluntarism 5. : a fall of a horseback rider for which there is insufficient cause
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