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单词 motive
释义 mo·tive
I. \ˈmōd.]iv, -ōt], ]ēv also ]əv; in senses 4 and 5 or mōˈtēv\ noun
(-s)
Etymology: Middle English, from Middle French motif, from motif, adjective, moving, causing to move, from Medieval Latin motivus, from Latin motus (past participle of movēre to move) + -ivus -ive — more at move
1.
 a. : something within a person (as need, idea, organic state, or emotion) that incites him to action
  < ordinarily his motive is a wish to … avoid unfavorable notice and comment — Thorstein Veblen >
 b. : the consideration or object influencing a choice or prompting an action
  < the principal motive of American policy — C.E.Black & E.C.Helmreich >
  < the motive for the crime >
2. obsolete : a prompting force or incitement working on a person to influence volition or action : mover, instigator, cause
 < nature, whose motive in this case should stir me most — Shakespeare >
 < am I the motive of these tears — Shakespeare >
3. obsolete : a part of the body capable of movement
 < her wanton spirits look out at every joint and motive of her body — Shakespeare >
4. [French, from Middle French, motive]
 a. : the guiding or controlling idea in an artistic work or in one of its parts
 b. : motif 1b
5. [German motiv, from French motif] : theme, subject; specifically : a leading phrase or figure that is reproduced and varied through the course of a musical composition or movement — compare leitmotiv
Synonyms:
 motive, spring, impulse, incentive, inducement, spur, and goad can mean, in common, a stimulus prompting a person to act in a particular way. motive can apply to any emotion, desire, or appetite operating on the will of a person and moving him to act
  < the habit so prevalent with us of always seeking the motive of everyone's speech or behavior — W.C.Brownell >
  < shielding her husband's murderer, from whatever motives of pity or friendship — Rose Macaulay >
  < it was the deepest motive of her soul, this self mistrust — D.H.Lawrence >
  spring, usually in the plural, is usually interchangeable with motive, possibly more frequently applying to a hidden or not fully recognized stimulus to action
  < the springs and consequences of international policy — David Mitrany >
  < the mysteriously working emotional springs of human action >
  impulse stresses impetus or driving power rather than an effect; in a general sense, it can apply to any strong incitement to activity, especially one deriving from personal temperament or constitution
  < the religious impulse and the scientific impulse — Havelock Ellis >
  < one strong impulse that bound them together — their common love of fine horses — Sherwood Anderson >
  < the extraordinary vitality of the critical impulse in American letters — C.I.Glicksberg >
  < the impulse that led to the evolution of man — Joshua Whatmough >
  but in a more special use it applies to a spontaneous, often irrational urge to do something
  < the first impulse of a child in a garden is to pick every attractive flower — Bertrand Russell >
  < suffered an odd impulse to get up and kick his chair over — Mary Austin >
  incentive applies chiefly to a cause inciting or encouraging to action, applying commonly to some external reward
  < his love for the family was a strong incentive to continued effort in their behalf >
  < money is not the only incentive to work, nor the strongest — G.B.Shaw >
  < the only incentive to travel … was the luxury of the accommodation — O.S.Nock >
  inducement implies an external influence and often a purposeful attempt to entice to action
  < the chief inducements to serve were the pension and the right of citizenship which awaited a soldier on his discharge — John Buchan >
  < a community that … holds young people and offers inducements to them to stay and help build a greater home town — J.C.Penney >
  < free gas was offered to factories as an inducement for locating in towns — American Guide Series: Ind. >
  spur applies to any impetus which can stir to action or increase energy or ardor in an action already undertaken
  < fear or despair may be a temporary spur to action — Saturday Review >
  < under the spur of his annoyance — Hamilton Basso >
  < Russia with its drive for warm water ports, China with its inexorable pressure of population — they, too, have a physical spur to expansive policies — Barbara Ward >
  goad can apply to anything that strongly incites to action or keeps one in action against one's will or desire
  < the threat of … aggression was a standing goad to the defense effort — New York Times >
  < was … a goad for an indolent writer — Van Wyck Brooks >
II. \ˈmōd.]iv, -ōt], ]ēv also ]əv\ adjective
Etymology: Middle French or Medieval Latin; Middle French motif, from Medieval Latin motivus — more at motive I
1. : moving or tending to move to action
 < motive arguments >
2. : having or concerned with the function of initiating action
 < the motive nerves >
3. : of or relating to motion or the causing of motion
 < motive energy >
III. transitive verb
(-ed/-ing/-s)
Etymology: motive (I)
: motivate 1
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更新时间:2024/11/11 19:00:06