| 释义 |
wash
I. \ˈwȯsh, ˈwäsh, ˈwȯish, ÷ˈwȯ(ə)rsh or ˈwärsh\ verb
(washed \-sht\ ; washed or archaic wash·en \-shən\ ; washing ; washes)
Etymology: Middle English waschen, wasshen, washen, from Old English wascan, wæscan, waxan; akin to Old High German waskan to wash, Old Norse vaska, Old English wæter water — more at water
transitive verb
1.
a. : to cleanse by the action of water or other liquid : dip, rub, or scrub in or with a liquid for the purpose of cleansing
< wash clothes >
< wash your hands and face >
< wash the baby >
b. : to remove (as dirt or coloring) by rubbing or drenching with water or other liquid
< wash the stain out of the shirt >
< wash the mud off the car >
2.
a. : to cleanse the body or especially the hands and face of with water
< washed himself thoroughly before sitting down to eat >
b. : to free from ceremonial or moral defilement by cleansing with water or something likened to it in action or effect : cleanse or purify spiritually
< wash me thoroughly from my iniquity — Ps 51:2 (Revised Standard Version) >
< a quiet that washes your mind clean — Wynford Vaughan-Thomas >
c. : to purge away : obliterate — usually used with away
< my sins, which were many, are all washed away — R.H.McDaniel >
d. : to cleanse (as the face or fur) by licking or by rubbing with the paw usually moistened with saliva — used especially of cats
3.
a. : to bathe or moisten (a bodily part or injury) with a liquid
< wash the wound with water >
< wash the eyes with a mild antiseptic solution >
b. : to wet with tears
< tidings to wash the eyes of kings — Shakespeare >
c.
(1) : to wet thoroughly : drench, saturate
< roses washed with dew — John Milton >
(2) : to overspread with light : bathe, suffuse
< the sunlight washing their branches — James Still >
< a late moon had come up and the barnyard was washed with moonlight — Sherwood Anderson >
d. archaic : to occupy (oneself) in the action or sport of bathing
< he went but forth to wash him in the Hellespont, and being taken with the cramp, was drowned — Shakespeare >
e. : to pass water over or through especially so as to carry off material from the surface or interior
4.
a. : to touch in flowing : flow along the border of : dash or overflow against or over : lave
< the countries whose shores are washed by its waves — Irish Digest >
b. : to flow through and supply water to
< a fine camping site, washed by a mountain stream >
5.
a. : to move, carry, or deposit by or as if by the force of water in motion
< the mill, bridge, dam, and several houses were washed away in a flood — American Guide Series: Maryland >
< sediment washed down from the upper lakes — American Guide Series: Michigan >
< a wave of liberal reform washed the Indian peones back onto their lands — Green Peyton >
b. : to cause to be in a specified place or condition by or as if by the thrust or sweep of water
< sometimes a whole school of pilot whales is trapped in shoal water and washed ashore — American Guide Series: North Carolina >
< was washed overboard and drowned — W.A.Ganoe >
6.
a. : to wear away by the action of water : erode
< the dirt road had been washed by heavy rains >
b. : to form (a break or opening) by the action of water
< the top speed a boat could make without washing a break in the berm — Edward Stanley >
7.
a. : to subject (as earth, gravel, or crushed ore) to the action of water to separate the valuable material from the worthless or less valuable
< the most successful method of washing sand for gold — Mary S. Broome >
— compare leach III 1a, lixiviate
b. : to separate (particles) from ore or other substance by agitation with or in water
c. : to remove something from as if by the action of water
< the words tending to be washed of all specific meaning — H.P.Van Dusen >
d.
(1) : to pass through a bath of some liquid to carry off impurities or soluble components
(2) : to pass (a gas or gaseous mixture) through or over a liquid for the purpose of purifying it especially by removing soluble components — see scrub II 2a
e. : to bleach (a carpet or rug) by a chemical process
8.
a. : to cover or daub lightly with an application of a liquid (as whitewash or varnish)
b. : to cover with a thin or watery coat of color : tint lightly and thinly
< the moors are washed with purple of the wild cranberries — Mary H. Vorse >
< an architect's dream in palest grays washed with mauve — Claudia Cassidy >
c. : to depict or paint by a broad sweep of thin or watery color with a brush — often used with in
< a few loosely washed-in ink blots — W.S.Baldinger >
d. : to overspread (as an animal's throat) with an outer flush or tint of another color
e. : to overlay with a thin coat of metal by deposit from a solution
< steel washed with silver >
9. dialect England : to launder clothes for
10. : to cause to swirl
< picked up his glass and washed the brandy about in its deep base — Helen Howe >
11. : to shuffle (playing cards) preparatory to dealing; especially : to shuffle for dealing by another
12. : to dephosphorize (molten pig iron) by adding substances containing iron oxide and sometimes manganese oxide
intransitive verb
1. : to cleanse oneself or a part of one's body with water
< washes before each meal >
2.
a. : to become worn away by the action of water : become eroded
< the harrowed land washed — Russell Lord >
— often used with away
b. : to becomes lost, impaired, or worn away as if by erosion — usually used with away
< their social and their cultural identity washed away after some centuries — A.L.Kroeber >
3. : to clean something by rubbing or dipping it in water : perform the operation of cleansing in water
< told … she should be at home minding women's work, she answered there were plenty to spin and wash — R.L.Stevenson >
4.
a. : to be carried or floated along on water : drift
< huge cakes of ice washing along the side >
b. : to pour, sweep, or flow in a stream or current
< feeling the wind wash pleasantly against his face — Norman Mailer >
< successive waves of pioneers washing westward — Green Peyton >
5. : to serve as a cleansing agent
< this soap washes thoroughly >
6.
a. : to undergo without damage the operation of being laundered
< this material doesn't wash well >
b.
(1) : to undergo successfully submission to a test or process of proof : bear investigation
< his story sounds good, but it won't wash >
< an interesting theory that won't wash >
(2) : to inspire belief : gain acceptance
< that yarn didn't wash with him — P.E.Lehman >
7.
a. of a wave : break
< has a delightful location on the eastern shore, with slow waves washing almost at the base of its single street — American Guide Series: Vermont >
b. : to move with a lapping or splashing sound
< heard the ripple washing in the reeds — Alfred Tennyson >
c. : to shuffle a deck of cards
< it's my turn to wash >
8. : to make a wash sale
•
- wash one's dirty linen in public
- wash one's hands of
II. noun
(-es)
Etymology: Middle English wasche, from waschen to wash
1.
a.
(1) : the process or work of washing clothing or household linen
< did a full day's wash >
: the process of being washed
< his shirts shrank in the wash >
(2) : an accumulation of articles (as of clothing) set apart for washing or in process of being washed
< a string of wash hung drying in the hall — Eugene Kinkead >
< the family wash >
< the week's wash >
b. : the act of washing : a cleansing or wetting with water
< the car needs a good wash >
c. : a washing of oneself especially of one's face and hands
< recorded all the things which he was supposed to do — the two hot washes and the two cold washes a day — Pierre Burton >
< rolled up his sleeves and gave himself a quick wash >
2.
a.
(1) : the surging action or attack of waves
< exposed to the wash of waves at their base — P.E.James >
(2) : surge
< her novel comes as a great wash of fresh air — Sylvia Stallings >
b. : erosion by action of waves
c. : the sound of water breaking against or over a surface
< heard the wash of waves upon rocks — Nevil Shute >
3.
a. : a piece of ground washed by the action of a sea or river or sometimes covered and sometimes left dry : the shallowest part of a river, estuary, or arm of the sea
b. : bog, fen, marsh
c.
(1) : a shallow body of water
(2) : a shallow creek
d. West : the dry bed of an intermittent stream often at the bottom of a canyon — called also dry wash
4.
a. : waste liquid (as from a bath)
b. chiefly dialect : stale urine formerly used in washing clothes, soapmaking, and dyeing
c. : slop, swill
d. : worthless dregs : refuse
5. dialect chiefly England : a dry measure of varying capacity for oysters and whelks
6.
a.
(1) : an insipid or wishy-washy beverage
< still felt refreshed and stimulated, after a few swallows of this wash — Emily Hahn >
(2) : vapid writing or speech
b.
(1) : fermented wort from which spirit is distilled — called also distillers' beer
(2) : a mixture of dunder, molasses, water, and scummings used in the West Indies for distillation
7.
a. : a wide sweep or splash especially of color made by or as if by a long stroke with a coarse brush
< the leaves had not turned, but there was a gold wash over everything — Anne G. Winslow >
< a magnificent full-grown male with the rich, almost golden-yellow wash over the belly — Thomas Barbour >
b.
(1) : a thin coat of paint (as watercolor)
< the pencil and wash studies pinned to the walls — C.D.Lewis >
(2) : wash drawing
(3) : a flat tone used for pictorial clarity in architectural drawings
c. : a liquid mixture of slight consistency used for coating a wall or other surface thinly
< the cottages are still thatched with straw, and the walls are gay with the old pink wash — advt >
d. : a thin coat of metal laid on something for beauty or preservation or deposited on a metal for counterfeiting a precious metal
8.
a. : lotion 2
< a good wash for festering or cankered wounds and sores — Emily Holt >
b. : a liquid cosmetic, dentifrice, or hairdressing
< perfumed alcoholic washes have had a vogue — Herman Goodman >
c. : a mixture of ingredients (as beaten egg and water or milk) used by bakers for giving a glaze to baked goods
9.
a. : material transported or deposited by water: as
(1) : loose or eroded surface material of the earth (as gravel and other rock debris) transported and deposited by running water : alluvium, silt; especially : coarse alluvium
(2) : alluvial fan
(3) : a mound of detritus spreading in fan-shaped corrugated slopes below a gash in a cliff
b. : the action of run-off water in wearing away soil (as in gullying or sheet erosion) : the eroding of soil by rain wash
10. : an underground den especially of a bear
11. : soil yielding precious metal or gems under washing
12.
a. : the backward current or disturbed water caused by some action or movement (as of oars or a steamer's screw or paddles) : a surge set up by and trailing after some moving object or process (as a ship, storm, or tidal wave) especially as dissipated in force or transmitted to a distance from the center of the disturbance
< was left swaying like a small boat in the wash of a millionaire's yacht — Maurice Cranston >
b. : a similar disturbance or wavelike agitation in the air set up by the passage of a storm center or rushing object (as an airplane)
c. : a disturbance in the air produced by the passage of an airfoil or propeller
< the wash from the prop tugged at the loose ends of his scarf — Howard Hunt >
d. : the dissipated current or force in the trail of an intellectual or social movement : eddy
< hard to know how much … is solid accomplishment that will last, and how much is the wash of a wave of opinion — A.L.Kroeber >
< traveled there in the wash of the war — J.R.Walsh >
13. : wash sale
14.
a. : the upper surface of a member or material when given a slope to shed water : weathering
b. : a structure or receptacle shaped so as to receive and carry off water
III. adjective
Etymology: wash (I)
: capable of being washed without injury : washable
< wash fabrics >
< a wash dress >
< wash goods >
IV. adjective
Etymology: perhaps alteration (influenced by wash) (II) of wearish
obsolete : washy, weak
< their bodies of so weak and wash a temper — Francis Beaumont & John Fletcher >
V. noun
: a situation in which losses and gains or advantages and disadvantages balance each other |