单词	weight
释义	weight I. \ˈwāt, usu -ād.+V\ noun (-s) Etymology: Middle English weght, wight, from Old English wiht; akin to Middle High German gewiht weight, Old Norse vætt weight, Old English wegan to weigh — more at weigh 1.  a. : the often specified amount that a thing weighs : quantity of heaviness   < a basketball player with a playing weight of 215 pounds >   < two hundred and fifty pounds is considered the most desirable weight for butchering … hogs — F.J.Haskin >   < a diamond of five carats weight >   < gross weight >   < net weight >   — see legal weight  b.   (1) : the standard or established amount that a given thing should weigh — see short weight   (2) : one of the classes into which contestants in a sports event (as a boxing or wrestling match) or other contest are divided according to their body weight    < preliminary bouts in several weights >    < learnt when to stand and fight at his own weight — H.A.Sinclair >    — see featherweight; compare catchweight   (3) : the poundage including that of the jockey, equipment, and any added lead that is necessary to make up the total required to be carried by a horse in a handicap race according to its rated ability   (4) : basis weight 2.  a. : a quantity or thing weighing a fixed and usually specified amount   < equal weight of water and air >   < the necessary weight of cold water is placed in a large steam-jacketed cooking kettle — Bindery Glues >  b. : a heavy object (as a ball of metal) that is thrown, put, or lifted as an athletic game or exercise — compare hammer 4, shot 2b  c. : one of the iron disks used in playing the game of shuffleboard 3.  a. : a unit of weight or mass   < table of weights >   — see measure table, metric system table  b. : a piece of metal, glass, wood, or other material having an exact specified weight for use in weighing other articles (as in a scale)  c. dialect : a customary local unit for a particular commodity  d. : a system of related units of weight   < avoirdupois weight >   < troy weight >  e. Australia : pennyweight 4.  a. : a ponderous mass : something heavy : load   < a heavy weight to carry so far >  b. : a heavy contrivance or object to hold or press something down or to counterbalance: as   (1) : a piece of lead or other relatively heavy material attached to a fishing line to cause it to sink   (2) : paperweight    < a collection of very good-looking weights — New Yorker >   (3) : a piece of lead sewed into a hem (as of a coat or curtain) to keep it hanging straight    < drapery weight >   (4) : a heavy metal object used to drive a clock  c. : the heaviness of overlying material (as rock over a mine shaft)  d. : corpulence   < had grown portly with the years, but carried his weight well — F.J.Mather > 5.  a. : burden, pressure   < could force a rescue by sheer weight of numbers — T.B.Costain >   < hangs like some guilty weight of dark, unfathomed remembrances upon my energies — Thomas De Quincey >   < never thought her poor brain could stand the weight of such a secret — Kathleen Freeman >   < the weight of the sky and stone seemed to slow the pace of the Sunday walkers — Kay Boyle >  b. : ponderousness   < empire fell to pieces of its own weight, largely because it had never been able to build any system of government except a simple tyranny — C.S.Forester > 6.  a. : relative heaviness : ponderability regarded as a property of matter   < weight is a quality of material substances >  b. : the force with which a body is attracted toward the earth or a celestial body by gravitation and which is a quantity dependent on the place where it is determined : the product of the mass of a body by the local gravitational acceleration expressed in any of the units (as pound, ounce, newton, or dyne) by which force is measured 7.  a. : the relatively great importance or authority accorded something   < had a great reputation in the parish for sober living and weight in business — Mary Deasy >   < discussion of the merits and demerits of toll roads produced a debate of considerable weight — New York Times >  b. : measurable influence especially in determining the acts of others   < throw one's weight behind a candidate >   < the professor had a lot of weight to throw around the campus — Bennett Cerf >  c. : power to influence the judgment   < their opinions always carried weight — A.W.Long >   < gives some weight to his assertion that the act was sudden and unpremeditated — E.L.Pearson >   < these replies lend weight to the generally-expressed view — Wall Street Journal > 8. : something acting with heavy or overpowering force  < principles and rules … have petrified with the accumulated weight of precedent on precedent — B.N.Cardozo >  < futile to think of escape from the weight of global responsibilities — Oscar Handlin >  < having first justified with a weight of scholarship my unscholarly assumption — F.R.Leavis > 9. : the pull required to draw a bow to the full extent and measured in pounds 10. : the quality (as lightness or heaviness) that makes a fabric or garment suitable or adaptable for a particular use or season — often used in combination  < dress-weight > 11. : atomic weight 12. : the degree of thickness of the strokes of a type character 13. : stress value, quantity, or general sonority in individual sounds, syllables, and units of rhythmic structure in verse 14.  a. : a relative value assigned to an item in a group or series under consideration   < the use of some system of weights for differences in skills is difficult — W.E.Moore >   < few data are available on the relative weight of various emotions — J.E.Anderson >   < if you have five problems … allot your time proportionately unless a weight is given — W.F.Crum >   < the most useful direct source was given a weight of ten, the second most useful, a weight of nine — Saul Herner >  b.   (1) : the frequency of an item in a frequency distribution   (2) : a number assigned to express the relative importance of such an item   (3) : the factor by which the value of such an item is multiplied in forming the weighted average of the values of the various items Synonyms: see importance, influence II. transitive verb (-ed/-ing/-s) 1.  a. : to load or make heavy with or as if with a weight   < weight the head of a golf club with lead >   < sat next to a dame who was weighted with jewels — H.J.Laski >   < never had he dreamed that words could be so weighted with unfamiliar meaning — Christine Weston >   — often used with down   < a coarse net is thrown over the roof and weighted down — L.D.Stamp >  b. : to increase in heaviness by adding an inferior ingredient   < tea that has been weighted >  c. : to make (yarn or cloth) heavier by adding any of various substances (as sizing, clay, or flock); especially : to pass (silk) through baths of tin salts  d. : to make thicker   < with the camera lens, type can be reduced, enlarged, weighted, slanted — Book Production > 2. : to oppress with a burden (as sorrow, dejection, or discouragement) — often used with down  < was weighted down with many cares > 3.  a. : weigh 1   < test tubes and crucibles … and scales that weighted your signature — Thomas Wood †1950 >  b. : to feel the weight of : heft   < weight a stone > 4.  a. : to assign a value expressing the relative importance of (a thing) as the result of a measurement or judgment  b. : to attach factors indicative of their relative frequency or importance (to the various items of a frequency distribution)   < the prices thus obtained were weighted according to the net sales of each type of store — Experiment Station Record > 5. : to arrange, bias, or incline in a particular direction by manipulation  < the tax structure … which was weighted so heavily in favor of the upper classes — A.S.Link >  < legislatures create vested and sentimental interests which weight national policy in the direction of patchwork rather than mosiac — H.D.Lasswell > 6. : to assign a handicap weight to (a racehorse) 7. : to shift the burden of weight upon  < weight the inside ski > Synonyms: see burden III. noun (-s) Etymology: Middle English wheit, wehit, weght, akin to Old English wiht weight — more at weight I : a leather-covered hoop like a sieve but without holes used for winnowing grain
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