| 释义 |
check
I. \ˈchek\ interjection
Etymology: Middle English chek, interjection & noun
— used to warn a chess opponent that his king is attacked
II. noun
(-s)
Etymology: Middle English chek check at chess, attack, quarrel, reproof, from Old French eschec, eschac check at chess, repulse, from Arabic shāh check at chess, from Persian, literally, king; akin to Avestan xshayeti he rules, has power, Sanskrit kṣavati he possesses, rules, Greek ktasthai to acquire
1. : exposure of a chess king to an opponent's piece in such a way that if it were not the king and not immediately protected (as by interposing another piece) it could be captured on the next move
< with his king in check >
< relieving the check >
— see discovered check
2.
a. : a sudden stoppage of a forward course or progress : a condition of impeded progress : arrest, repulse, stop
< the outbreak of war in 1939 gave a sudden check to the sculptor's work — Herbert Read >
b. obsolete : a fine imposed on servants of the royal household for neglect of duty
c. 2stop 9
d. of a hunting dog : a temporary loss of scent while in pursuit of quarry
e. : a legal or illegal checking of an opposing player or play in ice hockey — see back-check, board check, body check, cross-check, hook check, poke check, sweep check
3. : the interruption by a hawk of its pursuit of the proper quarry in order to pursue inferior game; also : the inferior game it pursues
4. : a typically sudden and sharp pause in a course : a break in a progression
< the invaders coming in without a check >
5. archaic : reprimand, rebuke
6. an agency, force, condition, or provision likely to arrest progress, limit action, restrain power, or curb excess : restraint
< a small minority of men of high character who acted as a check upon this irresponsible majority — Warren Grice >
< I must put a check on these roving fancies of mine — T.B.Costain >
a. : a person who acts to restrain or counter another
< using one earl as a check on the other >
b. : a provision conferring power on a governmental branch or agency to restrain others
< the checks and balances of republican governments — John Adams >
c. [by shortening] : checkrein
d. : a mechanical device for curbing, braking, or otherwise limiting action
< a door check preventing slamming >
e. : a rope for checking the motion of a ship
f. : damper 1a
g. : a device in a fishing reel to control the running out of the line
h. : the act of checking in poker
7.
a. : supervision insuring accuracy, fitness, or due performance : control
< under the check of the superintendent >
b. a standard for testing and evaluation : criterion
< any arbitrary formula too rigidly adhered to may endanger good writing, but a good set of principles used as a check and an aid may be very useful — F.L.Mott >
c. : an examination, test, or other device for determining progress, condition, value, or accuracy; sometimes : a test performed by quick sampling
< a check on a student's progress >
d. : inspection, investigation
< a loyalty check on government employees >
e. : a ready source of information used in investigating or verifying
< graphs serving as a check on our standing >
f. : act of testing or verifying
< making a check on the data >
also : the material, sample, or unit used for such testing or verifying
8.
a. : an area of land enclosed by embankments that confine irrigation water admitted by flooding
b. : a gate for controlling water flow in an irrigation ditch
9. dialect : a light meal : snack
10. [so called from the use of the counterfoil to check forgery]
a. obsolete : the counterfoil of a bank draft; also : a draft form with a counterfoil
b. : a written order directing a bank or banker to pay money as therein stated : a draft drawn on a bank or banker payable on demand
11.
a. : a card or small metal piece showing ownership, indicating payment of a charge or fee, identifying a person, or enabling him to make certain demands or claims : ticket, certificate
< a baggage check >
< a hat check >
< a baseball rain check >
b. : a token used in trade as a piece of money or as evidence of credit
< an army post exchange check >
< a check good for a bottle of beer >
c. : a counter in various games (as card games) that is often cashed or otherwise turned in on leaving a game : chip
< the piles of checks before the roulette players >
d. : a tab or slip indicating an amount due : bill
< our waitress finally brought the check >
e. : checkroom
< there's a hat check in the hotel lobby >
12. [Middle English chek, short for cheker checker (chessboard)]
a. : a pattern in squares : a design that resembles a checkerboard
b. : a fabric woven or printed with such a design
c. : a square in such a design
d. : a square made by vertical and horizontal lines to facilitate planned planting
< planting the trees in checks >
13. : a mark typically ✓ placed beside an item to show its having been noted, examined, or verified
14.
a. : crack, chink, break:
(1) : a lengthwise separation in wood that usually extends across the annual growth rings and commonly results from stresses set up during seasoning — compare shake
(2) : an almost imperceptible crack in steel caused by uneven quenching in hardening
(3) : a short shallow crack in a paint, varnish, or lacquer film occurring as a result of age and disintegration of film
b. plural checks also chex \-ks\ : a poultry egg with a minuscule break in the shell due to improper sealing but with unbroken membrane — contrasted with crack (sense 13)
15. : a rabbet-shaped cutting : rabbet, rebate
•
- in check
III. verb
(-ed/-ing/-s)
Etymology: Middle English cheken, from Middle French eschequier to play chess, put in check, defeat, from eschecs chess or eschec check
transitive verb
1. : to place (a chess king) in check — see checkmate
2. : checkrow
3. now chiefly dialect : rebuke, reprimand
4.
a. archaic : to penalize, fine, or mulct by withholding wages
< check a deliquent servant >
b. : garnishee, mulct
< check a delinquent's salary >
5.
a. : to bring to a sudden stop and halt the course, progress, or action of often abruptly, forcefully, and certainly
< the army of the Huns under Attila had been checked and turned back at Châlons — Tom Wintringham >
< he … went on pacing … but suddenly he checked himself, stood still for a moment — Joseph Conrad >
b. : to block the progress of (an opposing hockey player or a hockey play) by a check
6.
a. : to restrain or abate the course, action, or force of : cause to act more slowly with less force or effect : have the power or ability to restrain or control
< the Parliament Act of 1911, which made our House of Lords less able to thwart or check the purposes of the House of Commons — Ernest Barker >
b. : to slack or ease off and then belay again (as a purchase or rope) : stopper
< check a cable when it's running out >
7.
a. obsolete : drive
< check thy fiery steeds — Shakespeare >
b. : to hold in restraint : control : act as a check, curb, or counter to
< check for a time the inward sweeping waves of melancholy — Louis Bromfield >
8.
a. : to compare with source of information (as an original, another version, a record, or body of data) : verify
< we checked our information by looking up meterological records — V.G.Heiser >
< numerous scholars do not check quotations, references, or bibliographies — E.S.McCartney >
— often used with with or against
b. : to inspect and ascertain the condition of especially in order to determine that the condition is satisfactory : find out about : investigate and ensure accuracy, authenticity, reliability, safety, or satisfactory performance of
< the applicant must be checked, much as a bank checks the credit rating of a would-be borrower — Craig Thompson >
< incoming fishing boats were checked for radiation — Time >
< I checked the ship out, testing the engine at full power — B.T.Guyton >
c. : to note or mark often with a check as examined, verified, present, satisfactory, finished, or in order
< check an inventory list >
— often used with off
< check off the names of men reporting >
9.
a. : to consign for shipment typically as a service extended to the holder of a passenger ticket
< check the trunk at the station >
b. : to ship or accept for shipment under such a consignment arrangement
< the agent checked our baggage through >
10.
a. [Middle English cheken, from chek (square)] : to mark into squares : mark with a pattern of crossing lines : checker
< check the cloth >
b. : to mark (ground) to facilitate planting in squares
< check the field with a marker >
11. [check (II) (token)]
a. : to leave in safekeeping typically with receipt of a check or token indicating ownership
< check your hat and coat at the theater >
b. : to accept for safekeeping under such an arrangement
< working in a nightclub checking hats >
12. [check (II) (crack)] : to make checks or chinks in : cause to crack
< the sun checks timber >
13. [check (II) (draft)] : to use checks to withdraw or pay over (money held in a bank) — usually used with out
< check out over a thousand dollars >
intransitive verb
1. obsolete : to come into jarring conflict : clash
< heat checking against cold >
2. falconry : to turn when in pursuit of proper game and fly after inferior game — used with at
3. obsolete : to take offense : become offended
4.
a. of a dog : to stop in a chase especially when scent is lost
b. : to halt suddenly : pause in one's procedure often through caution, uncertainty, or fear : stop
< she checked for a moment in the dance and missed a step — Monica Ewer >
< the train checked with a jolt — B.A.Williams >
5. : to prevent or hinder (as by a pad, cup, or ring) the escape of gas in a gun
6.
a. : to investigate and make sure about conditions or circumstances : obtain confirmation or substantiation
< checking on her passengers' safety belts — E.K.Gann >
< he checked to be sure the Savo's deck was ready — J.A.Michener >
b. : to correspond often detail for detail : agree, concur, tally
< the description checks with the photograph >
7. : to draw a check (as upon a bank or banker)
8. poker
a. : to bet one chip of lowest value in games in which one must bet or drop in each turn
b. : to announce one's intention of postponing his right to bet with privilege of betting later in games in which this is permitted
9. : crack, split:
a. : to crack open (as of wood in drying or as biscuits in cooling)
b. : to develop small cracks (as of varnish or eggs)
10.
a. : to check off or tally items in a list or group especially of prices
b. : to place a check beside items in tallying, listing, or otherwise accounting for them
Synonyms: see arrest, restrain
•
- check into
- check on
IV. adjective
Etymology: in sense 1, from check (II) (square); in sense 2 & 3, from 2 &3check
1. : marked with checks : showing a check pattern : checked, checkered
2. : serving to check, stop, baffle, or regulate
< a check valve >
3. : serving as a control : affording a likely means of verifying, correcting, codifying, or measuring
< check areas in soils research projects >
V. interjection
Etymology: check (II) (mark)
— used to express assent or agreement |