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单词 old
释义 old
I. \ˈōld, before a consonant often ˈōl\ adjective
(-er/-est)
Etymology: Middle English ald, old, from Old English eald, ald; akin to Old Saxon ald old, Old High German alt old, Old Norse aldr age, ala to bring up, nourish, Gothic alds period of time, age (of a person), altheis old, alan grown up, Latin alere to feed, nourish, alescere to grow, altus high, Greek aldēskein to grow, analtos insatiable, Sanskrit anala fire (literally, the insatiable one), ṛdhnoti he flourishes, succeeds; basic meaning: to grow, nourish
1.
 a. : dating from the remote past : ancient
  < beautiful old Japanese traditions — Lafcadio Hearn >
 b. : persisting from an earlier time : chronic
  < old pains keep … gnawing at your heart — Joseph Conrad >
 c. : of long standing : having a status strengthened by the passage of time
  < an old friend >
  < old residents of the vicinity — John De Meyer >
  < comes from an old family >
2.
 a. : distinguished from an object of the same kind by being of an earlier date
  < new … standards for old jobs — Bruce Payne >
  < the old name was readopted at the time of incorporation — American Guide Series: Pennsylvania >
  < how slow this old moon wanes — Shakespeare >
 specifically usually capitalized : belonging to an early period in the development of a language or literature and preceding a middle period
 b. : constituting an earlier geographic entity
  < the old Roman Empire >
  < repeatedly toured the old Northwest — E.S.Bates >
 c. of a holiday : celebrated on the Old Style date
  < Old Christmas >
  < Old Midsummer Day >
3.
 a. : having existed for a specified period of time
  < a little girl three years old >
  < a gambrel roofed house over 200 years old >
  < the campaign was scarcely two days old — P.W.Thompson >
 b. : exceeding a specified age
  < old geese retailed at 47¢ lb. >
4.
 a. : performed in or descriptive of the distant past
  < old sacrifices to the Cretan bulls >
  < mentioned in old histories >
 b. : of, relating to, or characteristic of antiquity or of a past era : antique, bygone
  < interpreting old writers in their own tongue — Benjamin Farrington >
  < old Hitchcock chairs >
  < rural simplicity and innocence because in old days, as now, this region lay apart from the active life … near the sea — Samuel Van Valkenburg & Ellsworth Huntington >
 c. : stemming from or reminiscent of a past era
  < tenacity of old opinion — H.T.Buckle >
  < giving new meanings to old words — M.R.Cohen >
  < chandeliers, which are merely old, as opposed to antique — New Yorker >
 d. : famed through the ages
  < the old historical lands of Europe — Mark Pattison >
5.
 a. : advanced in years : nearing the end of the normal life span
  < an old man with a long white beard >
  < a tall old virgin pine … spared by fire and woodcutter — American Guide Series: Minnesota >
 b. : exhibiting the physical or mental characteristics of age
  < looked old at 20 because of prolonged suffering >
  < wake up … in a world where no one was conventional or stuffy or old — Margery Sharp >
6. : having a knowledge or ability gained through long practice : experienced
 < old in the ways of conspirators — Max Peacock >
7.
 a. : identified with an earlier period
  < the old democratic objection to despotism — G.K.Chesterton >
  < ministers … who spoke the old tongue — Oscar Handlin >
  < the grandfather's clock still stands in the same old place >
  < retained all of his old alertness and charm — F.J.Mather >
 b. : during an earlier period : former
  < hundreds of his old students were present — L.M.Crosbie >
  < the badge … is treasured among old members of our squadron — L.G.Pine >
8.
 a. : deteriorated or mellowed by or as if by time or use : aged, worn
  < old books >
  < old wine >
  < old pasture >
  < marks the northern end of an old sea wall — H.Lovegrove >
  — often used to express disparagement
  < give mamma that dirty old stick >
 generalized affection
  < good old Santa Claus >
  < our little old wobbledy calf — Eugene Field >
  < a great old establishment — Sinclair Lewis >
 familiarity
  < fifty years ago, there was only one kind of pneumonia — just plain old pneumonia — R.J.Huebner >
  < back to the same old grind >
 personalization
  < the old stomach did a buck and wing — P.G.Wodehouse >
 or as an intensive
  < having a high old time >
  especially of any
  < come any old time, I'll be home all day >
  < not any old ink will print well — Séan Jennett >
 b. : well advanced toward reduction to baselevel — used of topography and topographic features or their age
  < a wide, nearly level floor … characterizes an old valley — W.J.Miller >
 c. obsolete : dressed in old clothes : shabby
  < the rest were ragged, old, and beggarly — Shakespeare >
 d. : no longer in use : discarded
  < the profitable … reworking of old tailings — American Guide Series: Nevada >
 e. : of a grayish or dusty tone — used of a color
Synonyms:
 ancient, venerable, antique, antiquated, antediluvian, archaic, obsolete: old is a general term opposed to young or new, describing whatever has had a long life or existence. ancient, often opposed to modern, applies to what has been in existence from the remote past; it may suggest possession of valuable characteristics (as rarity or wisdom) accruing from age, describe an aspect of the distant now dead past, or be used to indicate hoary antiquity
  < some illustrious line so ancient that it has no beginning — Edward Gibbon >
  < the civilization of China is ancient — Havelock Ellis >
  < poets of ancient Greece >
  < ancient pre-Inca Peruvians — Current Biography >
  < the decrepit manager who was too ancient and incompetent for more serious employment — Ellen Glasgow >
  venerable usually implies respect or veneration
  < venerable men, you have come down to us from a former generation — Daniel Webster >
  < the ruins, Etruscan, Roman, Christian, venerable with a threefold antiquity — Nathaniel Hawthorne >
  but sometimes emphasizes decrepitude
  < a venerable Hudson whose driver makes periodic stops to wield a screwdriver and siphon gasoline — Claudia Cassidy >
  antique is a close synonym of ancient; it is likely to apply to something old-fashioned that has acquired value through rarity or nostalgic charm
  < a savor of the antique, primeval world and the earliest hopes and victories of mankind — Laurence Binyon >
  < antique monsters, older than Italy and Greece, than Babylon and Carthage — Llewelyn Powys >
  < such prosperous cities had already in Leland's day outgrown their antique suits of stone armor — G.M.Trevelyan >
  < an antique clock >
  antiquated usually applies to what is discredited or deprecated as outmoded
  < we are apt to scorn our neighbor because his rate of motion is faster or more sluggish than our own. He is antiquated if he clings to the values of yesterday — A.L.Guérard >
  < as antiquated as the powdered periwig of an eighteenth century courtier — Waldemar Kaempffert >
  antediluvian carries an even stronger sense of deprecation
  < up-to-date models of scientific inquiry have steadily replaced the antediluvian constructions of an earlier generation — Ethel Albert >
  archaic applies to what belongs to or has the characteristics of an earlier period
  < when new opinions have overthrown the archaic institutions, they will create new institutions in harmony with themselves — S.M.Crothers >
  < Portugal at this time, archaic in its chivalry, had the most resplendent court in Europe — Francis Hackett >
  < methinks is an archaic construction >
  obsolete applies to what has been entirely displaced or superseded
  < obsolete as the feudal baron — J.C.Snaith >
  < the relationship between the English king and the English people is a relationship far more modern and far better fitted to the needs of the times than the obsolete language and the obsolete trappings of the court suggest — D.W.Brogan >
  < instructing his civil officers in California to regard General Kearny's orders as obsolete — Irving Stone >
II. noun
(-s)
Etymology: Middle English ald, old, from ald, old, adjective
1. obsolete : an advanced stage : old age
 < they must not be gelded … in the old of the moon — Richard Surflet & Gervase Markham >
2. : an earlier time or period
 < in days of old when knights were bold — Edward Thomas >
3. : one that is of a specified age — usually used in combination
 < had come to the park when she was a five-year-old — W.A.White >
 < for 14 and 15 year olds the reduction has been about 38 percent — American Child >
 < entered a promising two-year-old in the Derby >

- of old
III. \|ōl(d)\ adverb
Etymology: old (I)
: of old : anciently — used chiefly in combination
 < old-established >
IV. adjective
: tiresome
 < doing it the same way all the time will get old — Laurie Sue Brockway >
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更新时间:2024/12/24 10:03:36