| 释义 |
choke
I. \ˈchōk\ verb
(-ed/-ing/-s)
Etymology: Middle English cheken, choken, alteration of acheken, achoken, from Old English acēocian to suffocate, strangle — more at cheek
transitive verb
1. : to make normal breathing difficult or impossible for (a person or animal) (1) by compressing the throat with strong external pressure
< an unwary guard choked to death by a murderous prisoner >
(2) by obstructing or clogging the windpipe
< a fish bone choking a kitten >
(3) by poisoning (as with gas) or otherwise adulterating air being breathed
< gas fumes were choking the rescue squad >
or (4) through nervous agitation
< rage choked him as he tried to speak >
2. : to check, suppress, or repress expression or delivery of (as an utterance)
< a cloture rule designed to choke off discussion >
< trying to choke down my laughter >
: suppress or check manifestation of (as an emotion)
< choke down his rage >
also : to check or suppress utterance by (as a speaker) : shut up : silence
< the moderator could not choke her off >
< fear of … punishment may often choke those who would otherwise speak out — Zechariah Chafee >
— often used with off, back, down
3.
a. : to check or stop the growth, development, activity, or vitality of with or as if with forceful constriction
< antagonism to an environment whose complications are choking his life — C.D.Lewis >
b. : to check or obstruct flow, motion, progress, or other activity through (as a pipe) by clogging, congesting, crowding, filling densely, or sometimes external constriction
< the drifting ice which choked the bay — R.E.Byrd >
< the channels are nearly choked with weeds and reeds — C.S.Forester >
< the hallway … was choked with rubbish — Liam O'Flaherty >
c. : to fill completely or chock-full : pack, glut, jam
< windows were choked with the merchandise of a summer sale — William McFee >
4. : to make a choke in (as a cartridge or the barrel of a shotgun)
5. : to check or stop the motion or action of (as a cable, rudder, or machine) by clogging or jamming
6. : to enrich the fuel mixture of (a motor) by partially shutting off the air intake of the carburetor
7. sports : to grip (a bat, club, racket, or stick) some distance from the end of the handle : shorten one's grip on (a bat or other implement) in order to alter the effective length — often used with up
< the power hitter seldom chokes up his bat very much >
intransitive verb
1. : to suffer from interference with breathing typically by having the windpipe obstructed or irritated with resulting throat spasms
< we choked in the dust of the desert — T.B.Costain >
< he choked on a fish bone >
2. : to become obstructed, stopped, or checked by or as if by constriction or obstruction
< the words choked in his throat — Sir Walter Scott >
3. : to shorten one's grip on the handle of a bat or similar implement
Synonyms: see suffocate
II. noun
(-s)
1.
a. : the act of choking : suffocating : partial or complete obstruction that prevents the passage of air through the throat to the lungs
b. chokes plural : caisson disease when marked by suffocation — used with the
2. : an obstruction to passage or flow:
a. : a valve for choking a gasoline engine
b. : a constriction in an outlet (as of a gas or oil well) to limit the flow
c. : reactor 3
3.
a. : a narrowing of the bore immediately before the muzzle of a shotgun that serves to concentrate the shot pellets as they leave the muzzle of the gun
b. : an attachment that allows variation of muzzle constriction of a shotgun
4. : the filamentous or scaly center of an artichoke head
5. : an interference with the development of the inflorescence of certain grasses caused by growth of the cattail fungus while the flowers are still in the leaf sheath
6. in judo : an application of pressure on the jugular vein
III. adjective
Etymology: choke (I)
sports : shortening the effective length of (a bat, racket, or club)
< a choke grip >
: using a shortening grip
< a choke hitter >
IV. noun
(-s)
Etymology: Middle English, perhaps from Old Norse kjālki jawbone; akin to kjölr keel — more at keel
chiefly Scotland : jaw, cheek, neck — usually used in plural
V. intransitive verb
: to lose one's composure and fail to perform effectively in a critical situation |