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单词 cognate
释义 cog·nate
I. \ˈkägˌnāt, usu -ād.+V\ adjective
Etymology: Latin cognatus, from co- + gnatus, natus, past participle of nasci to be born; akin to Latin gignere to beget — more at kin
1.
 a. : related by blood : kindred by birth
  < cognate families >
  < a family cognate with another >
  < a boy cognate to several royal families >
 b. : related on the mother's side — used in some legal systems
2.
 a. of a language : related by descent from the same recorded or assumed ancestral language
  < Spanish and French are cognate languages >
  — often used with with, sometimes with to
  < English is cognate to German >
 b. of a word or morpheme : related by descent from the same root or affixal element in a recorded or assumed ancestral language
  < English eat and German essen are cognate >
  < Latin -us and Old Norse -r are cognate >
  or by the processes of derivation or composition within a single language
  < English boyish and boyhood are cognate >
  — often used with with, sometimes with to
  < English foot is cognate with Greek pous >
 c. of a word : related in a manner that involves borrowing rather than descent from or as well as descent from an ancestral language
  < English tobacco and French tabac are cognate >
  — often used with with, sometimes with to
  < German panzer is cognate with English paunch >
 d. of a substantive : related usually in derivation but sometimes only in meaning to the verb of which it is the object (as song in “she sang the song”; race in “he ran the race”)
  < cognate object >
  < cognate accusative >
3. : related, akin, or similar especially in having the same or common or similar nature, elements, qualities, or origin
 < illustrated books and cognate reference materials — Current Biography >
 < you know exactly how a man looks and behaves and, with cognate clarity, something of what he feels and thinks — Thomas Dozier >
 < action engendered in regard to drugs may spill over into the cognate problem of the alcoholic — New Republic >
4.
 a. : closely related logically through certain specifiable factors; especially of propositions : having the same subject or predicate
 b. : belonging to volcanic fragments in solidified lava which are part of the same extrusion
 c. : homorganic
cog·nate·ly adverb
II. noun
(-s)
Etymology: Latin cognatus, from cognatus, adjective
: one that is cognate with another: as
 a. : a person related to another on the mother's side — compare agnate
 b. : a cognate word or morpheme
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更新时间:2024/9/24 11:24:33