英语词汇“pain”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

单词	pain
释义	pain I. \ˈpān\ noun (-s) Etymology: Middle English peyne, paine, from Old French peine, from Latin poena penalty, punishment, from Greek poinē penalty, payment; akin to Greek tinein to pay, tērein to guard, timē price, value, honor, Sanskrit cayate he punishes 1. pains plural : punishments — now used chiefly in the phrase pains and penalties < passing acts of attainder and of pains and penalties — T.E.May > < there was the principle that civil courts may not add to the pains and penalties of crimes — B.N.Cardozo > 2. a. : a state of physical or mental lack of well-being or physical or mental uneasiness that ranges from mild discomfort or dull distress to acute often unbearable agony, may be generalized or localized, and is the consequence of being injured or hurt physically or mentally or of some derangement of or lack of equilibrium in the physical or mental functions (as through disease), and that usually produces a reaction of wanting to avoid, escape, or destroy the causative factor and its effects < was in constant pain > < her pain, which had been merely a dull ache, was suddenly as keen as if a blade had been driven into her wound — Ellen Glasgow > < perhaps all physical existence is a weary pain to man — T.E.Lawrence > b. : a sensation or feeling (as a sharp twinge, dull ache, generalized sense of physical or mental distress) or a complex of sensations or feelings that are produced by such a state or that are produced by some other factor either in isolation or in succession < had no pain > < the pain of a twisted ankle > < sharp pains > < dreaded the pain of separation from them > < his conduct in regard to them caused me the deepest pain — W.M.Thackeray > < the pain she had felt at those humiliating words — Morley Callaghan > c. : a sensation varying in quality from prick to ache that is commonly aroused by a stimulus which injures or nearly injures the skin or tissues, is usually but not always unpleasant, and leads to avoiding reactions 3. pains plural : the protracted series of involuntary contractions of the uterine musculature that constitute the major factor in parturient labor and that are often accompanied by considerable pain < her pains had begun > 4. : trouble, care, or effort taken for the accomplishment of something — usually used in plural but archaically often as sing. in construction < has obviously taken great pains to study the practical details — Nancie Matthews > < no pains were spared in the workmanship — American Guide Series: New York City > < lavished their skill and pains — Willa Cather > < for his pains he incurred the enmity of the people — American Guide Series: Louisiana > < has been at pains to avoid associating himself with this recommendation — Walter Goodman > < was at pains to explain away his dangerous subject — Richard Mayne > < goes to pains to impress — Lucy Crockett > < was at pains to emphasize the nonpolitical character of the visit — H.J.Morgenthau > < takes that pains about it — John Locke > 5. a. : something that irks or annoys or that is otherwise troublesome : something provokingly displeasing < she's a real pain > b. : a reaction of antipathy to something irksome or annoying or provokingly displeasing : a sensation or feeling of annoyance < you give me a pain > Synonyms: ache, pang, throe, twinge, stitch: these nouns all indicate a bodily or mental sensation causing often acute discomfort or suffering. pain is the most comprehensive in that it may indicate bodily disturbance ranging from a localized discomfort to a general raging physical agony, although generally it implies a more or less acute sensation as from a cut, burn, or more severe injury < a pain in the finger > < chest pains > < his face twisted with pain > < my craving to hear from her was at times a gnawing pain — Kenneth Roberts > ache commonly implies a steady, usually dull, generalized pain < a headache > < an ache in the back from bending over all day > < the dull ache of his disappointment — Agnes S. Turnbull > : pang suggests a short sharp pain < the pangs of toothache > < the pangs of grief > throe is a pain, usually (and in the plural) intermittent, violent, and convulsive, characteristic of a process as that of labor in childbirth < the throes of retching > < the throes of civil war — S.W.Chapman > twinge is a momentary shooting or darting pain especially causing muscular contraction < twinges of pain in his back and shoulder — Walter O'Meara > < a twinge of pity > < a twinge of conscience > stitch suggests a brief sharp pain that runs through a part of the body (usually the side) like a needle < a stitch in the side forced him to drop out of the race > Synonym: see in addition effort. • - on pain of II. verb (-ed/-ing/-s) Etymology: Middle English peynen, from French pener, from peine pain *transitive verb* 1. a. : to cause to experience pain : inflict pain on : make suffer : cause distress to : hurt < a nagging shoulder injury that pained him for four months — W.B.Furlong > < it pains me to cast doubt on the competence of my friend — Alfred Burmeister > b. : to cause a feeling of annoyance in : irk, provoke < don't pain me by talking like that — Thomas Hardy > < it pains him to have to go there > 2. archaic : to put (oneself) to trouble or exertion for the accomplishment of something < still pain themselves to write Latin verses — J.R.Lowell > *intransitive verb* 1. a. archaic : to undergo pain : suffer < the patient that so is paining — Calisto and Melebea > b. of the body or a bodily part : to be in a condition that produces a sensation of pain : give or have a sensation of pain : be sore < soaked her feet in hot water because they were paining > < could hardly think, his head pained so > 2. : to cause pain < said that it pained when he moved his arm >
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