| 释义 |
par·ty
I. \ˈpär]d.ē, ˈpȧ], ]tē, -i\ noun
(-es)
Etymology: Middle English partie part, portion, party, body of persons forming one side (as in a contest), from Old French, from feminine of parti, past participle of partir to divide, go away — more at part
1. obsolete : a part of a whole : division, portion, share
2.
a. : one (as a person or group) constituting alone or with others one of the two sides in a proceeding
< the party of the first part and her husband … as party of the second part entered into a separation agreement — Southeastern Reporter >
< the two parties to a marriage contract >
b.
(1) : one (as an individual, firm, or corporation) that constitutes the plaintiff or the defendant in a lawsuit : litigant
(2) : one directly disclosed by the record to be so involved in the prosecution or defense of a proceeding as to be bound by the decision or judgment therein
(3) : one indirectly disclosed by the record as being directly interested in the subject matter of a suit or as having power to make a defense, control the proceedings, or appeal from the judgment
3.
a. : a body of persons forming one side (as in a contest) : a group united in opinion or action as distinguished from or opposed to a similar or larger group (as the rest of a community or association) : a body of partisans or adherents
< a war … in which both parties exerted their utmost strength — William Robertson †1793 >
b.
(1) : a group of persons organized for the purpose of directing the policies of a government especially by providing the principal political personnel and usually having as a basis for common action one or more factors (as principle, special interest, or tradition) upon which they have substantial agreement — compare faction 1, pressure group
(2) : an organization constituted a political party under the laws of certain states (as New York) by polling a fixed number or percentage of the total votes cast at an election and thereby possessing the right to appear on the ballot at a succeeding election
(3) : the political party constituting a principal focus of loyalty or the chief means of operating a governmental system
< we may deprecate some of the effects of party — Ernest Barker >
< compelled … to modify his aversion to party — Kenneth Mackenzie >
4. archaic : one of two or more sides (as in a contest, dispute, or contract) : cause, interest
< many feats of arms were there done on both parties — Richard Grafton >
5. : one (as a person or group) that takes part with others in an action or affair : one of several persons engaging or concerned in a transaction : participant
< should be a party in the educational council and participate freely in its deliberation — C.W.Hoff >
— usually used with to
< Greece and Turkey were brought in as parties to the treaty — A.P.Ryan >
< the candidate … was in no way a party to the transaction — S.H.Adams >
6.
a. : the individual in question or involved in the case at hand : the specific person to whom reference is made
< words … which generally make the parties affected melancholy — Robert Burton >
b. : a particular individual : person
< he is a shameless and determined old party — Winston Churchill >
< a rich old party who … dies and leaves him a fortune — A.H.Weiler >
7. [Middle French parti match, party, decision, from parti, past participle of partir to divide, go away] obsolete : a decision on one side or the other : resolution — used chiefly in the phrase to take a party
< I am not come to ask counsel … my party is taken — John Vanbrugh >
8. : a group usually constituting a detachment from a larger body or company: as
a. : a small number of military personnel dispatched or detailed on special service or duty
< infantry … repulsed a landing party from the British fleet — American Guide Series: Maryland >
< foraging party >
< firing party >
b. : a group of people working together on a common project or assignment
< the men were divided into parties of twelve, each party to build a hut — H.E.Scudder >
< a working party on filing systems was … appointed — Library Science Abstracts >
9. [French parti match, party, decision, from Middle French] archaic : match I 4b
< try … to make him look upon either of your daughters as a desirable party for him — Charlotte Smith >
10. [French partie social gathering for pleasure, part, portion, party, body of persons forming one side (as in a contest), from Old French, part, portion, party, body of persons forming one side (as in a contest)]
a. : a social gathering or assembly of persons for entertainment, amusement, or pleasure
< asked to cocktail and dinner parties — Rose Thurburn >
< impulse to gate-crash … a private party — Encounter >
< dancing party >
< shooting party >
b. : something held to resemble (as in appearance or purpose) such a social gathering: as
(1) : bee I 3
< donation party >
< lynching party >
< scalping party >
(2) : a social gathering where the demonstration and sale of articles is the principal feature
(3) : an occasion on which a specified person is predominant
< this is your party. You're doing the talking — Erle Stanley Gardner >
11. [French partie game (as of cards), part, portion, party, body of persons forming one side (as in a contest), from Old French, part, portion, party, body of persons forming one side (as in a contest)] archaic
a. : a game of cards or backgammon
b. : a match in such a game
12. : partisanship
< the spirit of party which unhappily prevails amongst mankind — Joseph Butler >
13.
a. : a group of animals moving or otherwise gathered together
< a party of over forty hinds with calves … passed slowly — Richard Rhodes >
< a lively bird seen … occasionally in small parties — Ernst Mayr >
b. : a company or association of persons
< a party of visitors from the country — G.B.Shaw >
specifically : one formed or gathered together for a particular purpose (as travel, amusement, or attendance at a function)
< join a party of thirteen American editors to visit Great Britain — Edward Bok >
< snowshoeing parties … visit the snow-clad headland in winter — American Guide Series: Maine >
14. : an act of sexual intercourse
II. adjective
1. : being a participating, interested, or otherwise involved party — used with to
< they refused to be party to any arrangement that coerced their employees — Mary K. Hammond >
< individuals who are party to the relationship — A.J.Vidich >
2. : characterized by joint ownership or shared use
< the party fence that divided his backyard from that of his sisters — J.P.Bishop >
— see party line 2, party wall
3.
a.
(1) : of, relating to, or associated with a political party
< leadership is inherent in party organization — C.J.Friedrich >
< a conference of rural party secretaries — F.C.Barghoorn >
< the party agent was … the sole official tie between the party and municipality — R.H.Wells >
(2) : in, toward, or favoring a political party
< a good party paper … never published fair news of the opposition — F.L.Mott >
< party membership >
< party loyalty >
< party discipline >
b. : of, between, or based upon political parties
< the party system has become … an integral part of parliamentary democracy — British Parliament >
< party alliances >
4. : suitable for a party or similar social gathering
< party dress >
< party manners >
< party cake >
< party game >
5. : fond of or addicted to parties and high living
< party boys … trying to recapture lost youth — F.J.Taylor >
III. verb
(-ed/-ing/-es)
transitive verb
1. obsolete : to side with : take the part of
< did assist and party them in all their enterprises — David Hume †1630? >
2. : to entertain at or by means of parties
< finds himself cocktailed, partied, and dined — Ray Josephs >
intransitive verb
: to attend, take part in, or hold parties and other social gatherings
< drinking … partying, or making love — J.W.Aldridge >
< this season's … social slump on partying — Alice Dameron >
IV. adjective
Etymology: Middle French parti striped, party per pale — more at parti-
1. : party per pale 1
< a silver leopard upon a field party gold and gules — W.H. St. John Hope >
2. heraldry : divided into two or more parts having different tinctures or bearing different coats of arms
< arms with party fields — W.H. St. John Hope >
especially : divided into parts by a line or lines in the direction and position of one of the ordinaries — followed by a phrase beginning with per (as per bend) or an adverb in -wise or -ways (as bendwise or bendways) indicative of the direction and position of the partition; in modern blazon less usual than a phrase in per without preceding adj. |