| 释义 |
doc·tor
I. \ˈdäktə(r)\ noun
(-s)
Etymology: Middle English doctour, from Middle French & Medieval Latin; Middle French doctour, docteur, from Medieval Latin doctor, from Latin, teacher, from doctus (past participle of docēre to teach) + -or — more at docile
1.
a. : a religious scholar who is eminent in theological learning and personal holiness and usually an expounder and defender of established doctrine
< Christ disputed with the doctors >
< St. Jerome was one of the great doctors of the church >
b. archaic : a person competent by reason of skill and knowledge to teach or expound authoritatively a subject or field of knowledge; broadly : a person who teaches or expounds something — used with of
c. : a person who has earned one of the highest academic degrees (as a PhD) conferred by a university usually by spending several years in advanced study of a specialized field, by writing an acceptable dissertation, and by passing numerous rigorous examinations
d. : a person awarded an honorary doctorate (as an LLD or LittD) by a college or university
2. : one skilled or specializing in healing arts:
a. : a practitioner of medicine, dentistry, or veterinary medicine
b. : a person who has completed a course of study in one of these fields and been duly licensed to practice his profession
c. : physician — distinguished from surgeon
d. : a medicine man in a primitive culture; broadly : any practitioner (as a rainmaker or shaman) of mysterious or magic arts in such a culture
3. archaic slang : a loaded die
4. : a recurrent cool breeze; especially : a tropical sea breeze
5. : material added to produce a desired effect:
a. : something added to food or drink to improve its apparent quality (as acid to certain candies)
b. : doctor solution
6. : a mechanical contrivance or attachment for remedying a difficulty especially when makeshift and used in an emergency: as
a. or doctor blade : a blade (as of metal, wood, or plastic) for spreading a coating (as of glue on layers of material being laminated) or for scraping a surface (as for removing ink from the nonprinting part of an intaglio printing surface or lint from a textile printing roll)
b. : a small engine for providing water for a boiler system : donkey engine
c. : a tool used for electroplating surfaces that cannot conveniently be placed in a bath
d. : a soldering tool
e. : a knife for scraping up and incorporating rubber dough in a mixing machine
7.
a. slang : a ship or camp cook
b. : a person who puts things in or restores things to order: as
(1) : a repairer of broken or disordered items, especially of mechanical apparatus or systems — used often with a qualifying attributive
< a first-rate loom doctor >
(2) : play doctor
c. : a person in charge (as of a situation) : one responsible for decisions to be made — used chiefly in the phrase you're the doctor
8. : any of several brightly colored artificial flies used by anglers
II. verb
(doctored ; doctored ; doctoring \-t(ə)riŋ\ ; doctors)
transitive verb
1.
a. : to confer a doctorate upon : make (someone) a doctor
b. : to address or refer to as “Doctor”
< a false humility that made him doctor all his associates >
2.
a. : to treat (a patient or ailment) as a physician : apply remedies to
< faithfully doctored her old mother >
< doctored his boil >
b. : to restore to good condition : mend, repair
< he tinkered with the old clock until he finally doctored its strike >
3.
a. : to adapt or modify for a desired end by alteration or special treatment
< doctored the play by tightening its whole structure and abridging the last act >
b. : to conceal the real state or actual quality of by deceptive alteration (as with chemicals)
< doctoring poor wine to get a better price >
< hoping to doctor the election returns >
— often used with up
< you'll have to doctor up your plans if you hope to fool anybody >
intransitive verb
1. : to practice medicine
< my grandfather doctored in the backwoods country for over 50 years >
2. dialect : to take medicine or medical treatment
< doctoring for the asthma >
< she doctored with my nephew all that winter >
III. transitive verb
: castrate : spay
< have your pet cat doctored > |