| 释义 |
dole
I. \ˈdōl\ noun
(-s)
Etymology: Middle English, from Old English dāl division, separation, share, lot; akin to Old English dǣl part, share, lot — more at deal
1.
a. archaic : one's allotted share or portion
< hath not our great Queen my dole of beauty trebled — Alfred Tennyson >
b. archaic : one's lot in life : one's destiny or fate
< happy man be his dole, say I; every man to his business — Shakespeare >
c. dialect England : an allotment of land in a common
2.
a.
(1) : a giving or distribution of food, money, or clothing to the needy
< the weekly dole at a parish charity station >
(2) : a direct distribution of government funds made at regular intervals to the unemployed : unemployment insurance
< all his family was on the dole — Margaret Kennedy >
< it was as well to starve or live on the dole in the Old World as the New — Oscar Handlin >
b. : something distributed at intervals as charity : a ration for the needy
< people able and willing to work forced to accept doles >
c. : something portioned out and distributed in driblets or pittances
d. obsolete : a blow or some dire treatment administered
< dealing dole among his foes — John Milton >
e. : a gratuitous bestowal; specifically : a distribution of sustaining or subsidizing contributions
< the country's industrial recovery is an illusion; it is living on an American dole >
II. transitive verb
(-ed/-ing/-s)
Etymology: Middle English dolen, from dole, n.
1. : to give or distribute as a charity — used with out
< he gathered all the blankets, pillows, pieces of clothing, and other supplies … and doled them out to the distraught, homeless natives of the island — Clay Blair >
2. : to give or deliver in small portions (as in driblets) guardedly or calculatingly : parcel — used with out
< puts all my money in the bank and just doles out a few dollars to me once in a while — Lucy M. Montgomery >
3. : to give or deliver in equal portions or according to a prescribed allotment — used with out
< stopped his scribbling long enough to dole out sheets and mattress covers, shelter half and blankets, pack and all the rest of it — James Jones >
Synonyms: see distribute
III. noun
(-s)
Etymology: Middle English dol, doel, del, from Old French, from Late Latin dolus pain, grief, alteration (influenced by Latin dolus fraud, deceit) of Latin dolor — more at tale, dolor
1.
a. : grief, sorrow
< deep questioning, which probes to endless dole — George Meredith >
b. : bad luck : misfortune
2. obsolete : mourning clothes
Synonyms: see sorrow
IV. intransitive verb
(-ed/-ing/-s)
Etymology: Middle English dolen, from Middle French doloir, from Latin dolēre to feel pain, grieve — more at condole
: lament, mourn
V. noun
(-s)
Etymology: in sense 1, from Middle English, probably from Middle Dutch doel trench used as a landmark; in sense 2, probably from Frisian doel goal, from Old Frisian dōl; both akin to Old High German tuolla small valley, Old Norse dœll inhabitant of a valley, Old English dæl valley — more at dale
1. now dialect Britain : a landmark or boundary marker
2. now dialect Britain, in some children's games : goal
VI. noun
(-s)
Etymology: Middle French dol, from Latin dolus fraud, deceit — more at tale
1. obsolete : trickery
2. Scots law : criminal intent : malice |