| 释义 |
dum·my
I. \ˈdəmē, -mi\ noun
(-es)
Etymology: dumb (I) + -y
1. : one that is dumb: as
a. : one that is incapable of speaking
b. : one that is habitually silent
c. : one that is stupid : dolt, dumbbell
2.
a. : the exposed hand in bridge played by declarer in addition to his own hand
b. : a player in bridge who lays his cards face up on the table to be so played by declarer
3. : an imitation, copy, or likeness of something intended for use as a substitute : effigy: as
a.
(1) : a form representing part or all of the human figure used for displaying or fitting clothes — compare lay figure
(2) : a stuffed figure representing the trunk and legs of a man and supported by a rope or frame that is used by football players for practice in tackling and blocking
(3) : a large puppet usually having movable head, jaws, and arms and held on the knees of a ventriloquist entertainer
b. : a sham package or one that does not contain what its exterior indicates; especially : an empty package used for display
c. chiefly Britain : a false nipple : pacifier
4. : one (as a person, body of people, corporation) that although seeming to act for itself is in reality acting for another usually with little or no freedom of action or with fraudulent intent
< the directors, being controlled by one man, are only dummies >
< if a woman appears as the owner of a business, it should be ascertained that she is not a dummy for the real owner … who for legal or other reasons may not be able to hold property — A.F.Chapin >
5.
a. : a block (as of wood) put on a library shelf to replace a missing book and marked with title, call number, and indication of the book's whereabouts
b. : a card in a file or catalog indicating location of material filed elsewhere or temporarily missing from the file
6. : something usually mechanically operated that serves to replace or aid a human being in the performance of a task: as
a. : dumbwaiter
b. : a glassblower's device operated by foot pedals for wetting, raising, opening, and shutting a paste mold
c. : a device having lights on four sides placed at a street intersection to control traffic
7. : one that plays a part (as in a play) intended merely to fill in (as a group or scene) or fulfill an expectation and having no essential significance
8. : a piece that serves as a model in a profiling machine
9. : drift plug
10.
a. : a pattern volume (as of book, magazine, or newspaper) projected or in process with blank pages or pasted-in examples of type or illustrative material
b. : layout
11.
a. : an early comparatively quiet locomotive made with condensing engines and no blast pipe and sometimes used in city transit service
b. : a switching locomotive having the boiler and running gear entirely housed
12. : a horse lacking the ability to respond to ordinary stimuli because of cerebral damage especially following encephalomyelitis
II. adjective
1. : marked by sham or deception: as
a. : having the appearance of being real but lacking capacity to function : artificial
< dummy foods in the shop windows — Times Literary Supplement >
< dummy hinges >
b. : existing in name only : fictitious
< a specialist in secretly buying up the stock of companies under dummy names — Newsweek >
< pack the ballot with dummy candidates to split the vote — New Republic >
2. : having the appearance of acting independently or for oneself while really acting at the instruction of another
< issued patents for sixty thousand acres to dummy holders, who deeded the land to him after he had retired from office — V.L.Parrington >
III. verb
(-ed/-ing/-es)
transitive verb
1. Australia : to take up (land) for another in one's own name
2. : to make a dummy of (as a book or page of a publication)
< the book was dummied and ready to go to press >
— often used with up
< the editor is now dummying up the editorial page >
intransitive verb
1. Australia : to dummy land
2. slang : to refuse to talk — used with up
< when I mentioned his name they dummied up > |