qat·a·ba·ni·an noun alsokat·a·ba·ni·an\ˌkad.əˈbänēən\ (-s) Usage: usually capitalized Etymology:Qataban, Kataban, ancient district of southern Arabia + English -ian 1.: a native or inhabitant of the ancient South Arabian kingdom of Qataban 2.: the Sabaean language of the Qatabanians