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单词 essence
释义 es·sence
\ˈesən(t)s\ noun
(-s)
Etymology: Middle English essencia, essence, from Middle French & Latin; Middle French essence, from Latin essentia, from esse to be + -ent-, -ens -ent + -ia -y — more at is
1. : a basic underlying or constituting entity, substance, or form: as
 a. archaic : element 1a
 b.
  (1) : the permanent as contrasted with the accidental and variable and hence phenomenal phases or foundation of being : metaphysical substance especially when a substratum that is distinguished from and that supports attributes
  (2) : something that constitutes the individual, real, or ultimate nature or kind often as opposed to the existence of a being or thing
   < a picture of a tree should represent the essence of the tree — its ultimate or basic reality, that which makes it what it is, the thing-in-itself or in its intrinsic nature — Hunter Mead >
   < succeeds in conveying completely the cruel essence of loneliness — Arthur Knight >
   < came to the conclusion that the essence of heat was motion — S.F.Mason >
   < everything that one has seen or heard or thought or felt leaves a deposit that never filters entirely through the essence of mind — Ellen Glasgow >
   < not life in its humdrum, day-by-day existence, but life in its essence, exciting, meaningful, important — L.D.Rubin >
  also : the property, attribute, or element or totality of properties, attributes, or elements indispensable or necessary to the nature of a thing
   < what is individual, what is the peculiar essence of the man — T.S.Eliot >
   < the biographical story of its main character, not in the bulk of its million-fold detail but in its essence — Irving Stone >
   < the essence of liberalism — freedom of thought and inquiry, freedom of discussion and criticism — M.R.Cohen >
   < many of our people, … have forgotten the essence of Americanism — George Sokolsky >
   — see nominal essence, real essence
  (3) : an immanent form or metaphysical archetype : an Aristotelian formal cause : a Platonic idea
 c.
  (1) : the properties or attributes that every member of a species or class of things must necessarily have in order to belong to that species or class
  (2) : the totality of those properties or attributes that are indispensable to whatever can be named by a certain term or classified as of a certain class
2. obsolete : distinguishing nature or character
3. : condition or fact of being or existing : existence considered as a property of a thing
4. : something by which another is basically motivated or is maintained or by which it subsists
 < the enthusiasm of its personnel is the essence and life of any enterprise >
 < criticism that will keep in mind that the essence of a performance is the music as it was written — Saturday Review >
 < the camera work, which is the essence of the coverage … was a brilliant job — Gilbert Seldes >
 < a country where controversy is the essence of politics — Clifton Daniel >
 < the trend toward a herd state of which the essence is the denial of supreme value to the human individual — E.A.Mowrer >
 < the health of our people is the very essence of our vitality, our strength, and our progress as a nation — D.D.Eisenhower >
5. : entity; especially : an abstract entity
 < the same true characterization which makes each person in the story an essence with whom spectators will identify themselves — Current Biography >
 < own little reviews tranquilly engaged in their endless and placid pursuit of poetry as a timeless essence — William Barrett >
6.
 a.
  (1) : the volatile matter constituting perfume
  (2) : perfume, odor, scent
   < the rice and shrimp in Venice, which breathed with the unmistakable essence of garlic — Horace Sutton >
 b.
  (1) : a volatile spirit (as petroleum spirit or gasoline)
  (2) : a substance resembling a volatile spirit
   < impregnate it with the volatile essence of their souls — J.G.Frazer >
 c. : aura, cachet
  < a special essence of authority — S.N.Behrman >
  < captured in words something of the pattern of life, its color or essence — Ernest Beaglehole >
  < the drenched condition of the two women seemed to draw into that little room a desolate melancholy essence composed of fallen leaves, muddy cart ruts, and clammy mist — J.C.Powys >
7.
 a. : the most significant element, attribute, quality, property, or aspect of a thing
  < it is the very essence of Machiavelli that in politics there is neither good nor evil, of a moral kind — Irving Kristol >
  < the essence of Scotland — highlands and lowlands, blue lochs and swift brown streams, grouse moors, tidy farmlands and wild sea cliffs — Alice Campbell >
 specifically : a central focal issue, argument, or point (as in a law case) upon which all other issues, arguments, or points depend or to which they are subordinate
  < what he could do superbly was to state a case or extract an essence in a few clear and compelling words — R.H.Rovere >
  < appellate argument is the most exacting and concentrated work … for it involves the presentation of the essence of a long trial in an hour or less — A.T.Vanderbilt >
  < the discernment and understanding with which he penetrates to the heart and essence of the problem — Margaret E. Hall >
 b. : a most significant element, attribute, quality, or property of a thing
  < speak of his paintings in terms of what they consider his Gallic essences — his sensuousness, his economy in putting his pictures into focus, his infinitely civilized feeling for color and the refinement of line — Janet Flanner >
 c. : the essential and most characteristic features of a thing
  < he believes that deceit and mistrust are the essence of human relationships — Bergen Evans >
  < attempts to capture the essence of our twenty-four-dollar island through extreme close-ups of thirty or more representative New York people — James Kelly >
  < managed to combine the essence of jazz, mountain music, and New England church music into one — Saturday Review >
 d. : center, core, pith
  < such attention to appearances and details rather than to true substance went to the very essence of the struggle — Time >
  < this takes us to the essence of national strategy — H.H.Arnold & I.C.Eaker >
  < here is the ethical essence of the treaty — the common resolve to preserve, strengthen, and make understood the very basis of tolerance, restraint, and freedom — Dean Acheson >
8.
 a.
  (1) : a substance considered to possess in high degree the predominant qualities or virtues of a plant, drug, or other natural product from which it is extracted (as by distillation or infusion)
  (2) : an extract (as from fruit) used as flavoring in cooking
  (3) : the concentrated juices of foods obtained in the process of cooking
 b.
  (1) : essential oil
  (2) : an alcoholic solution especially of an essential oil : spirit 21
   < essence of peppermint >
  (3) : an artificial preparation (as an alcoholic solution of one or more esters) used especially in flavoring
   < pineapple essence >
  (4) : elixir 2
   < pepsin essence >
9. : something that resembles or suggests an extract in possessing the quality, virtue, or value of an original larger substance or thing in concentrated form
 < it is an essence, a distillation, the very best of all our past reduced, not to a list of physical sights, but to a single emotion — Jerome Weidman >
 < this spot is the heart and essence of the Green mountains — Carl Brandt >
 < the heroine who, in the hands of less eminent novelists, appeared to be the essence of sentimentality — C.W.Cunnington >

- in essence
- of the essence
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更新时间:2025/3/24 1:55:22