| 释义 |
-est
I. \ə̇st\ adjective suffix or adverb suffix
Etymology: Middle English, from Old English -st, -est, -ost; akin to superlative suffixes Old High German -isto, -ōsto (in adjectives), -ist, -ōst (in adverbs), Old Norse -str, -astr (in adjectives), -st, -ast (in adverbs), Gothic -ists, -osts (in adjectives), -ist (in adverbs), Greek -istos (in adjectives), Sanskrit -iṣṭha (in adjectives); probably from the suffix represented by English -er (I) + the suffix represented by English -ed (I)
— used to form the superlative degree of adjectives and adverbs of one syllable
< fattest >
< latest >
< newest >
of certain adjectives and adverbs of two syllables
< luckiest >
< oftenest >
< remotest >
< simplest >
and less often of longer ones
< beggarliest >
— often attached to words (as participles in adjectival use) that rarely if ever show a corresponding comparative formation in -er
< cussedest >
< fightingest >
< lyingest >
— regularly accompanied by coalescence with final e of the base word, change of final postconsonantal y of the base word to i, or doubling of the final consonant of the base word immediately after a short stressed vowel; compare most II
II. \ə̇st\ suffix
or -st \st, after a vȯiced consonant zt or st\
Etymology: Middle English, from Old English -est, -ast, -st, 2d singular present endings of various classes of verbs (from earlier -es, -as, -s + -t, assimilated form of the 2d person pron. thū thou) & -est (from earlier -es + -t), 2d singular past ending of weak verbs; akin to Old High German -ist, -ōst, -ēst (from earlier -is, -ōs, -ēs + -t, from thū, thu thou), 2d singular present endings, -ōst (from earlier -ōs + -t), 2d singular past ending of weak verbs, Gothic -is, -os, -ais, 2d singular present endings, -es, 2d singular past ending of weak verbs, Old Norse -r, -ar, -ir, 2d singular present endings, -ir, 2d singular past ending of weak verbs, Latin & Greek -s (preceded by various thematic vowels), 2d singular present ending, Sanskrit -si
— used to form the archaic second person singular indicative of English verbs (with thou)
< gettest >
< didst >
< carriest >
< failedst >
< canst > |