单词	fault
释义	fault I. \ˈfȯlt, archaic ˈfȯt\ noun (-s) Etymology: Middle English faute, faulte, from Old French faute, from (assumed) Vulgar Latin fallita, from feminine of (assumed) Vulgar Latin fallitus, past participle of Latin fallere to deceive — more at fail 1. obsolete  a. : lack, scarcity   < one it pleases me, for fault of a better, to call my friend — Shakespeare >  b. : neglect, default 2. : a defeat in quality or constitution:  a. : an imperfection in character or disposition : failing, weakness; especially : a blameworthy moral weakness less serious than a vice  b. : a physical or intellectual imperfection or impairment   < a theory with some serious faults >   : flaw, blemish : a damaged part   < a fault in a bolt of cloth >  c.   (1) : a violation of a rule in a racket game which results in loss of service or a point for the opponent or both (as a failure to serve the ball legitimately into the proper court)   (2) : a service in a racket game that strikes outside the proper service court  d. : a defective point in an electric circuit due to a crossing of wires, a ground, a break in the circuit, a failure of insulation 3. : a failure to do what is right:  a. : a moral transgression : sin   < fell down at the pope's feet confessing his fault — R.W.Southern >  b. : a wrongdoing of an excusable kind : misdemeanor   < a small boy's faults >  c. : mistake, error   < a subtle fault, committed most … when we are least aware of it — S.L.Payne >  d. : a failure to do something required by law or the doing of something forbidden by law — compare negligence 4.  a. : responsibility for wrongdoing or failure   < it was not the driver's fault that the car went out of control >  b. : the wrongdoing or failure attributable to a particular inadequacy, flaw, or failure   < the accident was the fault of a broken steering rod > 5. : a fracture in the earth's crust accompanied by a displacement of one side of the fracture with respect to the other and in a direction parallel to the fracture 6. : a lost scent in hunting; also : the act of losing the scent : check Synonyms:  failing, frailty, foible, vice: fault implies some falling short, though usually not far, of a standard of moral perfection in disposition or action   < his lack of interest in theology is a weakness but not a major fault — C.H.Hopkins >   < there are faults which are not faults of will, but faults of mere inadequacy to some unforeseen position — J.A.Froude >   < a victim of many small faults of envy and spitefulness >   failing implies a shortcoming, usually a weakness of character of which one may be unaware   < the one failing — common to all elderly observers since Adam's hair turned gray — of imagining that the entire youth of the world is going to the dogs — Douglas Stewart >   < we should keep in mind the failings of resting on what seem to be our laurels and being content with an optimism grown on sheer apathy — H.A.Sosland >   frailty stresses a general weakness of character or an instance of usually chronic weakness deriving from such a character   < that shuddering relish for the horrors of conventions at their worst I grant to be a purely human frailty, like a fondness for detective stores — J.L.Lowes >   foible usually implies a harmless weakness of character, often no more than an idiosyncrasy   < to indulge on occasion in a kind of willful coquettishness hardly appropriate to her age or appearance … was the result rather of a foible than of any fundamental folly — J.W.Krutch >   < his dear father's one intellectual foible — that willful blindness of his to the march of time — Robert Graves >   < it is a foible in most decent human beings to hope that whatever our failings, at least we are not disfigured by vulgarity of spirit — Kate O'Brien >   vice usually stresses violation of moral law but in this comparison can apply to any large or small imperfection or weakness of character   < the great vices such as mendacity, vanity — Norbert Guterman >   < she was criminally proud. That was her vice — Arnold Bennett >   < his only vice was … an insatiable lust for power — Time >   < reading was his vice. How could he solace his inactive hours? — Sydney Greenbie >   < the great vice of English drama from Kyd to Galsworthy has been that its aim of realism was unlimited — T.S.Eliot > • - at fault - for fault of - to a fault - with all faults [fault 5: 1 fault with displaced strata a, b, c, d, e; 2 scarp] II. verb (-ed/-ing/-s) Etymology: Middle English fauten, from faute, n. — more at fault I intransitive verb 1. : to commit a fault : go wrong : err, blunder  < not one singer forgot a word; not a pianist faulted — Hartzell Spence >  < his tongue stammering and faulting with rage — Earl of Chesterfield > : fall short : fail 2. : to fracture so as to produce a geologic fault transitive verb 1.  a. : to find a fault or flaw in   < conducted himself with such calm dignity that few could fault him — Newsweek >   < he had been faulted by professional critics for the lack of music in his speaking of verse — Tyrone Guthrie >   < his arguments were logical and hard to fault — Anthony West >   < I fault this speech in three ways — J.E.Agate >  specifically : to grade (a person or animal) down for imperfect performance or feature in a contest   < the dog was faulted in stance >  b. now dialect : blame, scold, censure   < don't fault him for that > 2. : to produce a geologic fault in; also : to place in a particular position or shape by reason of such a fault  < sediments faulted down against older rocks — Frank Dixey > — used chiefly in the passive 3. : to commit an error in : bungle  < the acrobat deliberately faulted the performance once to make it look difficult >
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