| 释义 |
fin·ish
I. \ˈfinish, -nēsh, chiefly in pres part -nəsh\ verb
(-ed/-ing/-es)
Etymology: Middle English finisshen, from Middle French feniss-, finiss-, stem of fenir, finir, from Latin finire to limit, finish, end, from finis boundary, limit, end — more at final
transitive verb
1.
a. : to bring to an end : arrive at the end of : terminate, complete
< he finished speaking, and a long silence fell >
< he finished his days in poverty and loneliness >
< a rapid reader, he can finish a chapter in a few minutes >
b. : to use, consume, or dispose of entirely
< he finished the meal to the last crumb — Louis Bromfield >
— often used with off
< the sailors lounging in the bar began to finish off their drinks — Allen Upward >
c. : to serve as the close or last item of
< a pleasant wine finishes the meal, nicely accenting the dessert >
< a thrilling 100-yard dash finished the meet >
2.
a. : to expend the final labors on : bring to completion or issue
< tried to finish the work his illustrious predecessor had started >
b. : to perform completely : perfect with all possible labor and attention : give the ultimate touches to
< he always spoke in completed sentences … he finished his thought — W.A.White >
— often used with up
< advised him to finish up the painting a little before exhibiting >
c. : to complete the education of; especially : to prepare (a young woman) for entrance into society
< she received her finishing in Paris >
d. : to fatten (an animal) especially for the market
e. : to put on as a finish
< all interior walls are finished with lime plaster — American Guide Series: Minnesota >
f. : to cut, sort, trim, count, and pack (paper after it leaves the paper machine)
g. : to tool the title and decoration on (a hand-bound book)
h.
(1) : to give (as cloth) special characteristics that improve appearance and usefulness by processing (as mercerizing, fulling, calendering, embossing)
(2) : to complete work on (a garment); especially : to finish (a raw edge) by hemming, pinking, overcasting, facing
i. : to subject (newly formed soap or a kettle of soap) to the processes of fitting and settling
3.
a. : to bring to an end the significance, usefulness, or effectiveness of : exhaust the power, worth, or vitality of : deal a mortal blow to
< the combination of … unfamiliar car, narrow streets, and strange town will just about finish you — Richard Joseph >
< his stunning defeat finished the young congressman as a political force >
— often used with off
< the romance of chivalry was already moribund and the new economic and social trends finished it off >
b.
(1) : to bring about the death of : kill
< after wounding me with his spear he was about to finish me with his knife — W.H.Hudson †1922 >
— often used with off
< his woman finished him off … with a skinning knife — Walter O'Meara >
(2) : to bring about the decisive or final defeat of
< the cavalry charge finished the enemy; they broke and ran >
intransitive verb
1.
a. : to come to an end : terminate, end
< the Civil War finished in 1865 >
< until British rule finished one had to obtain a visa from the British Foreign Office — W.B.Fisher >
b.
(1) : to come to the end of a course, task, or undertaking : complete a task or assignment
< it was noon, and he still had not finished >
< he finished by reciting a cycle of sonnets >
< I shall finish with a Chopin nocturne — Lillian Hellman >
— often used with up
< you can finish up now >
(2) : to finish a race or other competition in a certain manner or position
< the gelding finished strong and lost only by a nose >
< he finished third in the oratorical contest >
c. : to have a certain issue or outcome : result
< any illness must finish fatally for him — Osbert Sitwell >
2. : to become smooth (as of lumber)
3. : to attend a finishing school
4. of an animal : to become suitably fat for marketing
Synonyms: see close
•
- finish with
II. noun
(-es)
1.
a. : the final stage : conclusion, end
< a fight to the finish >
< flaunted the riskiest of their stunts and then … broke into their whirlwind finish — Winifred Bambrick >
< turned a slow start into a fast finish >
b. : the cause of one's ruin : downfall
< his taste for gambling was his finish >
2. : something that finishes, completes, or perfects: as
a.
(1) : the joiner work and other fine work required for the completion of a building especially of the interior — see inside finish, outside finish
(2) : the higher grade of lumber used for this work — called also uppers
(3) : decorative surface treatment (as on paper, wood, stone, brick, plaster, or stucco)
(4) : a finishing material used in painting
< oil finish >
— see finishing coat
b. : the labor required for the last stage (as of a work of art)
< the sculptor is now doing the finish on this splendid head >
c. : a plain or decorative method of completing a part or an edge of a garment by use of a hem, binding, arrowhead, edging
d. : fat; especially : the layer of fat lying beneath the skin of an animal well fattened for market or show
e. : the top or closure part of a glass container including the pouring lip and the threads or other means of attaching or inserting a closure
f. : the final treatment or coating of a surface
3.
a. : the result or product of a finishing process especially with regard to its quality, appearance, or characteristics
< a fabric with a water-resistant finish >
< a cloth with a glazed finish >
< paper with a glossy finish >
specifically : the state of a surface (as of furniture or pottery) after the tool marks have been obliterated
b. : fit VI 3
c. : the quality or state of being perfected or minutely elaborated : impeccable, finished, or flawless quality : perfection
< the exquisite finish of this artist's work >
< the machine … worked with neither the accuracy nor the finish of these girls — Sam Pollock >
< his novels have a finish, a flavor, that the cultivated recognize and relish >
< at the age of 60 he danced … and still displayed great finish and fine style — Anatole Chujoy >
d. : cultivation in manners and speech : social polish
III. noun
of a beverage : the taste left in the mouth after swallowing
< a wine with a long dry finish > |