| 释义 |
rub
I. \ˈrəb\ verb
(rubbed ; rubbed ; rubbing ; rubs)
Etymology: Middle English rubben; akin to Frisian rubben to rub, scratch, Icelandic rubba to scrape, and probably to Old English rēafian to take away by stealth or force — more at reave
intransitive verb
1.
a. : to move along the surface of a body with pressure : grate
< if the journal rubs against the bearing surface … too hard … the bearing surface will be scratched — H.F.Blanchard & Ralph Ritchen >
b.
(1) : to fret or chafe with friction
< rubupon a sore >
(2) : to cause discontent, irritation, or anger
< it rubs to be presided over by a vast … aggressively paternal indifference — R.W.Flint >
2. : to continue in a course, situation, or way of life usually with slight difficulty or hindrance
< the great mass of modern men could rub along happily enough without works of art — Roger Fry >
3. of a bowl : to come in contact with an impediment on the green
4. : to respond to rubbing (as for erasure or obliteration) : become rubbed
< dull inks … sometimes rub off, even though the engraving is completely dry — R.N.Steffens >
transitive verb
1.
a.
(1) : to subject (as a body or a surface) to the action of something moving especially back and forth with pressure and friction
< bent over and rubbed his sore ankle >
(2) : to scour, smooth, burnish, polish, or brighten by rubbing
< could see his reflection in the well rubbed wood >
— often used with up
< rub up the brass >
(3) : to spread a substance thinly over : smear
< rub dressed fish generously with cut lemons — Jane Nickerson >
(4) : to roughen, wear, or make worn by the friction of rubbing
b.
(1) : to cause (a body) to move with pressure and friction along a surface
< rubbing grubby knuckles in his eyes as he wept — T.B.Costain >
(2) : to remove, reduce to powder, spread, erase, or otherwise treat by rubbing
< rubbed the rust from old muskets — Dana Burnet >
< the paste had hardened, and it was then vigorously rubbed in — H.E.Scudder >
(3) : to start (as a flame) by the friction of rubbing
(4) : to straighten (as a wire or needle) by rubbing while hot
c. : to bring into reciprocal back and forth or rotary contact
< rub two sticks to make fire >
< rubbing his hands in glee >
d. : to take a rubbing of
2.
a. archaic : to arouse a remembrance or a memory in
< rub him on this point, for his recollection becomes rusty — Sir Walter Scott >
b. : to arouse pain, distress, or anger in : annoy, irritate
•
- rub elbows
- rub the wrong way
II. noun
(-s)
1.
a.
(1) : an unevenness or inequality of surface of the ground in lawn bowling
(2) archaic : an unevenness or inequality of surface that impedes movement
< there will be rubs in the smoothest road — Sir Walter Scott >
b. : an obstruction or difficulty that hinders, stops, or alters the course of an argument, chain of thought, or action
< the rub is that so few of the scholars have any sense of this truth themselves — Benjamin Farrington >
c.
(1) : something that mars the smoothness of a surface : roughness
< leave no rubs nor botches in the work — Shakespeare >
(2) : something grating to the feelings (as a gibe, sarcasm, or harsh criticism)
< I got many severe rubs, often unconsciously given — T.B.Aldrich >
(3) : something that mars or upsets a usually serene state of affairs or way of life
< even the mildest occupation produces its rubs and frictions — W.H.Chamberlin >
2. : the application of friction with pressure : rubbing
3. dialect England : rubstone
III. abbreviation
1. rubbed
2. [Latin ruber] red
3. rubber
IV. verb
•
- rub one's nose in |