| 释义 |
ruf·fle
I. \ˈrəfəl\ verb
(ruffled ; ruffled ; ruffling \-f(ə)liŋ\ ; ruffles)
Etymology: Middle English ruffelen; akin to Low German ruffelen to crumple
transitive verb
1.
a. : to roughen or disturb the smoothness of : agitate the surface of
b. : to rub (a surface) rough : abrade, graze
c. : to disturb the composure of : distract, trouble, vex
< said this to try to ruffle her husband — Rex Ingamells >
2. obsolete : to throw into confusion or perplexity
3. chiefly dialect : to annoy with insults : attack, bully
4. : to erect (as feathers) in or like a ruff : cause to rise or bristle : stiffen
5. : to act the braggart : roister about : swagger — used with it
< ruffled it with the other gunmen who infested the town — W.M.Raine >
6.
a. : to flip through (as the pages of a book)
< ran with it to the piano, ruffling the pages to find the place — Marcia Davenport >
: shuffle (playing cards) rapidly
b. obsolete : to rumple or tousle (a woman) familiarly or rudely
c. obsolete : to seize rudely
7.
a. : to make into a ruffle : gather, pleat
b. : to finish or trim with ruffles
intransitive verb
1.
a. archaic : to strive or contest against another or on behalf of another : engage in combat — used with with or for
b. archaic : to grow rough, boisterous, or turbulent (as the wind)
2. : to become discomposed, irritated, or angered
< their dispositions ruffle perceptibly — Life >
3. : to flutter or stir into an uneven surface : rise or form into folds or irregularities
< a flag on a tall pole ruffled in the breeze >
4. : to swagger arrogantly : act the bully or braggart : show bravado : bluster
< gets drunk, ruffles, and roisters — Charles Kingsley >
< one that ruffled in a manly pose — W.B.Yeats >
II. noun
(-s)
1.
a. : a disturbance of calm or equanimity : a state of irritation, vexation, or discomposure
< recuperate after the ruffle of breakfast — Elizabeth Taylor >
b. : something that causes annoyance or vexation
2.
a. : a rough brawl, fight, or dispute : commotion, skirmish
< all the ruffle and rowdydow — M.G.Bishop >
b. obsolete : busy ostentation : vainglorious pomp or display
3. : a roughness, unevenness, or disturbance of surface : ripple
< give the water a glistening ruffle — Vincent McHugh >
4.
a. : a strip of fabric that is gathered or pleated on one edge and attached along that edge as a trimming or finish
< curtains with a ruffle at the bottom >
< a blouse trimmed with lace ruffles >
— compare flounce IV
b. : ruff II 3a
c. : ruff II 3c
5. : the mesentery of a slaughtered meat animal
6. : the group of wings on a metal gudgeon for a wooden shaft
III. intransitive verb
(-ed/-ing/-s)
Etymology: ruff (VI) + -le
1. of a drum : to beat with a ruffle
2. : to beat a ruffle on a drum
IV. noun
(-s)
: a low vibrating drumbeat less loud than a roll — compare ruffle and flourish |