| 释义 |
foun·da·tion
I. \fau̇nˈdāshən\ noun
(-s)
Etymology: Middle English foundacioun, from Middle French fondation, from Latin fundation-, fundatio, from fundatus (past participle of fundare to found) + -ion-, -io -ion
1. : the act of founding: as
a. : the act of taking the first steps in building or of building for the first time
< thy love for me before the foundation of the world — Jn 17:24 (Revised Standard Version) >
b. : the act of establishing on a permanent basis typically with provision for future maintenance
< his piety was evidenced by his foundation of several religious houses >
2.
a. : the basis on which something is founded : the basis upon which something stands or is supported
< is very little foundation for this objection either in reason or good taste — William Hazlitt >
b. archaic : a basis of agreement : understanding
< the English might again repair to their respective houses and trade on the old foundation — Alexander Hamilton >
3.
a. : funds given for the permanent support of an institution or cause : endowment
< we are anxious to establish scholarships and endowments; hence we solicit such foundations from our friends — Bulletin of Mt. Saint Mary's College >
b. : an organization or institution established by endowment
< the citizen taxpayer has succeeded the philanthropic foundation as the principal underwriter of the costs of science — Scientific American Reader >
or otherwise established with provision for future maintenance
< the Benedictine order is a religious foundation dating from the sixth century >
4.
a. : an underlying natural or prepared base or support
< the terrain … has a gracefully undulating surface over a limestone foundation — J.T.Dorris >
< foundation for the boilers and engines of a ship >
b. : a means of transferring building loads to the soil below:
(1) : the supporting part of a wall or structure usually below ground level and including footings
(2) : the whole masonry substructure of a building
5. : a body or ground upon which something is built up or overlaid: as
a. : a stiffening or backing piece in an article of clothing
b. : a basic stitch or pattern
c. : the form on or over which a manufactured article is constructed
< allow woven rush baskets to dry thoroughly before you remove them from the foundation as in this way the shape becomes properly set — F.J.Christopher >
d. or foundation garment : a woman's supporting undergarment : corset, corslet, girdle
e. : a cosmetic in liquid, cream, or cake form usually used as a base for makeup
f. : a priming coat of pigment sometimes laid over canvas as a ground for oil painting
g. : a thin sheet of pressed beeswax imitating the bottoms of natural honeycomb cells that is placed in a frame or section to shorten the time for and increase uniformity in comb building by hived bees
h. : a card of a prescribed rank placed face up as the starter for a sequence in solitaire
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- on the foundation
II. transitive verb
(-ed/-ing/-s)
: found III |