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单词 fume
释义 fume
I. \ˈfyüm\ noun
(-s)
Etymology: Middle English, from Middle French fum, from Latin fumus; akin to Old High German toumen to be fragrant, Greek thymos spirit, mind, courage, Sanskrit dhūma smoke
1.
 a. : a gaseous emission (as from a burning or evaporating substance) that is usually odorous and sometimes noxious : smoke
  < a thin fume rising from his pipe and scenting the library >
  : vapor
  < the rain … sprang back on itself and the ground was hidden by a white fume — Audrey Barker >
  : odor
  < noticed the fumes of whiskey when he talked >
 b. : an often noxious suspension of particles in air or gas that may be formed in various ways (as by condensation of vapors or by chemical reaction)
  < the air pollution aspects of smoke and fumes >
  — usually used in plural and sometimes only of suspensions of solid particles in distinction from mist
 c. : solid material deposited by condensation of fumes
  < the baghouse fume in lead smelting >
2.
 a. : a noxious vapor formerly supposed to rise to the brain from the stomach (as from alcoholic drinks)
  < a day's idleness to let the fumes of rum-punch … get out of his head — David Garnett >
 b. : something (as an emotion) that impairs one's reasoning
  < until the fumes of passion cleared away >
3. : a state of excited irritation or anger — usually used in the phrase in a fume
 < might go away in a fume muttering — Thomas Wood †1950 >
4. : something like a fume in being transient or unsubstantial and noxious or offensive
 < the all-pervading fumes of sanctimoniousness — Max Ascoli >
II. verb
(-ed/-ing/-s)
Etymology: Middle English fumen, from Middle French fumer to smoke, expose to fumes, from Latin fumare to smoke, from fumus
transitive verb
1.
 a. : to expose to fumes
  < fume a fabric with acid vapors to develop color effects >
 b. : to fill or permeate with fumes (as of incense)
 c. obsolete : perfume
  < sheets fumed with violets — John Marston >
2. : to give off in or as if in fumes
 < the freighter was fuming thick black smoke >
 < an itinerant agitator who fumed race hatred >
3.
 a. : to cause (a substance) to emit fumes (as by heating)
  < fume the slag in a furnace to recover the lead contained >
 b. : to produce by fuming; especially : sublime 1a — usually used as a past participle
  < fumed litharge >
intransitive verb
1.
 a. : to emit fumes (as in combustion or chemical action)
  < hydrogen chloride fumes in moist air >
  : smoke, reek
  < a cigarette fumes forgotten in the ash tray >
  < the refinery area fumes with oil >
 b. : to act as if generating fumes: as
  (1) : to be in a state of excited irritation or anger
   < he fretted and fumed over the delay >
  (2) : to speak in a fuming manner
   < he fumed at his opponent in an arm-waving, name-calling harangue >
2. : to rise and pass away in or as if in fumes
 < a cloud of incense fumes from the censer >
 < their happiness had suddenly fumed away >
fum·er \-mə(r)\ noun -s
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更新时间:2024/9/22 20:27:41