ruffle¹ /rufˈl/

1. To make uneven, disturb the smoothness of
2. To cause (feathers) to stand up or erect
3. To wrinkle
4. To gather into a ruff or ruffle
5. To disorder
6. To agitate
7. To turn the leaves of hastily
8. To disturb the equanimity of, to irritate, discompose

1. To wrinkle
2. To grow rough
3. To flutter
4. To become irritated or discomposed

1. A frill on a garment, esp at the wrist or neck
2. A bird's ruff
3. A ripple or disturbance on an otherwise even surface
4. Annoyance
5. A quarrel
6. Agitation

ruffˈled adjective

Having a ruffle

ruffˈler noun

A plate attached to a sewing machine, for making ruffles

ruffˈling noun and adjective

ruffle² /rufˈl/ (archaic)

1. To struggle
2. To bluster
3. To swagger

1. To handle roughly or offensively
2. To snatch (Shakespeare)

1. An encounter, a tumult
2. Bustle (Shakespeare)

ruffˈler noun

1. A beggar posing as a maimed soldier or sailor (obsolete)
2. A swaggerer

ruff⁵ /ruf/

1. A low vibrating beat of a drum
2. Applause, esp with the feet (Scot)

1. To beat or be beaten with a ruff
2. To applaud (Scot)

ruffˈ-a-duffˈ noun

Drumming

ruffˈle noun

A ruff of drums

To ruff

• unreaved
• unreaves
• unreaving
• unrebated
• unrebuked
• unrecallable
• unrecalled
• unrecalling
• unrecapturable
• unreceipted
• unreceived
• unreceptive
• unreciprocated
• unrecked
• unreckonable
• unreckoned
• unreclaimable
• unreclaimably
• unreclaimed
• unrecognisable
• unrecognisably
• unrecognised
• unrecognising
• unrecognizable
• unrecognizably