ruff¹ /ruf/

1. A frill, usu starched and pleated, worn round the neck, esp in the Elizabethan and Jacobean periods
2. An animal's or bird's collar of long hair or feathers
3. A ruffed breed of domestic pigeon

1. To provide with a ruff
2. To ruffle (Spenser)
3. To strike without securing (falconry; obsolete)

ruffed /ruft/ adjective

Having a ruff

ruffed grouse noun

A N American game bird (Bonasa umbellus) with neck feathers that can be extended into a ruff

ruff² /ruf/

1. An old card game similar to whist or trumps (also called ruff and honours)
2. An act of trumping

To trump

ruff³ /ruf/

A kind of sandpiper (Philomachus pugnax), the male of which has an erectile ruff during the breeding season (see also reeve³)

ruff⁴ or ruffe /ruf/

The pope, a small freshwater fish of the perch family, with one dorsal fin

ruffˈin noun (Spenser)

The ruff

ruff⁵ /ruf/

1. A low vibrating beat of a drum
2. Applause, esp with the feet (Scot)

1. To beat or be beaten with a ruff
2. To applaud (Scot)

ruffˈ-a-duffˈ noun

Drumming

ruffˈle noun

A ruff of drums

To ruff

ruff⁷ or ruffe /ruf/ (obsolete)

1. Pitch or height of exaltation
2. Elation
3. Excitement

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