| 释义 |  sanction /sangkˈshən/  nountransitive verbThe act of ratifying, or giving permission or authoritySupportOfficial permission, authorityMotive, rationale for obedience to any moral or religious law (ethics)A penalty or reward expressly attached to non-observance or observance of a law or treaty (law)A military or economic measure taken by one country against another as a means of coercion (politics)
 To give validity toTo authorizeTo countenance, permitTo penalize, esp for failing to observe a law or treaty
 ORIGIN: L sanctiō, -ōnis, from sancīre, sanctum to ratify sancˈtionable  adjective sanctioneerˈ  noun  A person who advocates (esp political) sanctions sancˈtions-busting  noun  The breaching (usu by commercial concerns) of economic sanctions imposed on a country |