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单词 scratch the surface
释义

scratch /skrach/

transitive verb
  1. To draw a sharp point over the surface of
  2. To hurt, mark, render, seek to relieve an itch in, by so doing
  3. To dig or scrape with the claws
  4. To write hurriedly
  5. To erase or delete (usu with out)
  6. To strike along a rough surface
  7. To withdraw from a competition or (esp musical) engagement
intransitive verb
  1. To use the nails or claws to inflict injury, relieve an itch, etc
  2. To scrape
  3. To make a grating or screechy noise
  4. To retire from a contest or engagement
  5. To get (along or through) somehow (informal)
noun
  1. An act, mark, or sound of scratching
  2. A slight wound or graze
  3. A scrawl
  4. Formerly, the line in the ring up to which boxers were led to begin fighting
  5. Hence a test, trial, as in come up to scratch
  6. The starting-point for a player or competitor without a handicap
  7. A player or competitor who starts from scratch
  8. A fluke, esp in billiards
  9. A scratch-wig
  10. Cash, ready money (slang)
  11. (in pl) a disease in horses with the appearance of scratches on the pastern or ankle
adjective
  1. Improvised
  2. Casual
  3. Hastily or casually got together
  4. (of a player or competitor) having a handicap of zero
ORIGIN: Poss ME cracchen to scratch, modified by scrat

scratchˈer noun

scratchˈily adverb

scratchˈiness noun

scratchˈing noun

  1. The action of the verb
  2. The act of manipulating a gramophone record so that it plays a repeated beat or section of music

scratchˈingly adverb

scratchˈless adjective

scratchˈy adjective

  1. Like scratches
  2. Uneven
  3. Ready or likely to scratch
  4. Irritable, bad-tempered, tetchy (esp US)
  5. Grating or screechy
  6. Itchy

scratchˈback noun

A backscratcher

scratchˈboard noun

A scraperboard

scratch brush noun

A wire brush, used eg in gilding and polishing metal

scratchˈbuild transitive verb

To build (usu models) from raw materials, as opposed to constructing from kits or buying ready made

scratchˈbuilder noun

scratchˈbuilding noun

scratchˈbuilt adjective

scratchˈcard noun

A type of lottery card covered with an opaque film which is scratched off to reveal numbers or symbols which may entitle the holder to a prize

scratch coat noun

A first coat of plaster, scratched to provide a key for the second coat

scratch pad noun

  1. A note-pad, jotter
  2. A facility on a mobile phone that enables the user to record information in the phone's memory during a call

scratch test noun (medicine)

A test for allergy to a certain substance, made by introducing it to an area of skin that has been scratched

scratchˈ-wig noun

A wig that covers only part of the head

scratchˈ-work noun

Sgraffito in plaster

come up to scratch (figurative)

  1. To reach an expected standard
  2. To fulfil an obligation

scratch the surface see under surface

start from scratch (figurative)

  1. To start at the beginning
  2. To embark on (a task, career, etc) without any advantages, experience or without any preparatory work having been done

you scratch my back and I'll scratch yours (informal)

Do me a favour and I'll do you one in return

surface /sûrˈfis/

noun
  1. The outer boundary or face of anything
  2. The outside or upper layer
  3. A flat, two-dimensional geometric figure that has length and breadth but no thickness
  4. An area
  5. The outer appearance, character or texture
  6. An aerofoil
adjective
  1. Of, on, or near a surface
  2. Superficial
transitive verb

To apply a surface or finish to

intransitive verb
  1. To bring or rise to the surface
  2. To be exposed or revealed, to become apparent
  3. To regain consciousness (informal)
  4. To get out of bed (informal)
ORIGIN: Fr, from sur, from L super, and face, from L faciēs face

surˈfaced adjective

Having this or that kind of surface

surˈfacer noun

A person or thing that smooths or levels a surface

surˈfacing noun

  1. Giving a surface to anything
  2. Material for a surface layer
  3. Washing surface deposits for gold

surˈface-active adjective

Able to alter the surface tension of liquids (see also surfactant)

surface activity noun

The alteration to the surface tension of liquids due to superactive substances

surˈface-craft noun

A floating, not submersible, craft

surface mail noun

Mail sent otherwise than by air

surˈfaceman noun

A workman who keeps a railway bed in repair

surface noise noun

The noise produced by the friction of a stylus on a record

surface plate noun (engineering)

A rigid cast-iron plate whose surface is accurately scraped flat, used eg to test the flatness of other surfaces

surface structure noun (linguistics)

The formal structure of sentences, esp when broken down into their constituent parts

surface tension noun

That property in virtue of which a liquid surface behaves like a stretched elastic membrane, clinging to the sides of a container

surface-to-airˈ adjective

(of a missile, etc) travelling from a base on the ground to a target in the air (also adverb)

surface-to-surˈface adjective and adverb

surˈface-vessel noun

surface water noun

  1. Water lying on the surface of a road, etc
  2. Drainage water

surface wind noun (meteorology)

The wind at a standard height of 10m (33ft) above ground

surface worker noun

A person engaged in any of the ancillary jobs in a coalmine not done underground

scratch the surface

To deal only superficially with an issue or problem
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更新时间：2024/11/13 23:37:47