单词 | the short and the long |
释义 | long1 /long/adjective (longer /longˈgər/, obsolete lengˈer; longest /longˈgist/, obsolete lengˈest)
Denoting eg of a specified length (as year-long, mile-long) intransitive verbTo yearn (with for) ORIGIN: OE lang, long (adj), lange, longe (adv); Ger lang, ON langr; L longus longˈa noun (music) A long longˈing noun An eager desire, craving adjectiveYearning longˈingly adverb longish /longˈish or -gish/ adjective longˈly adverb (Shakespeare) Long longˈness noun (rare) longˈsome adjective (archaic and dialect) Long and tedious longˈways or (N American) longˈwise adverb Lengthways longˈ-agoˈ adjective Of the far past noun The far past longˈ-and-shortˈ work see longs and shorts below. long arm noun Far-reaching power longˈboard noun A surfboard, skateboard, etc of greater than normal length longˈboat noun
longˈbow noun A bow drawn by hand as distinct from the crossbow longˈ-breathed (or /-brethtˈ/) adjective Able to continue violent exercise of the lungs for a long time longcase clock noun A grandfather clock longˈ-chain adjective (chem) Having a long chain of atoms in the molecule longˈcloth noun A cotton made in long pieces longˈ-clothes or (obsolete) longˈ-coats plural noun Long garments for a baby long corner noun (in hockey) a free stroke taken from the corner of the goal line longˈ-daˈted adjective Of securities, due for redemption in more than fifteen years long-day plant noun A plant that will only flower after being exposed to conditions of long days and short nights longˈ-descendˈed adjective Of ancient lineage longˈ-distˈance adjective
adverb Over a long distance long division noun (mathematics) Division in which the working is shown in full long dozen noun Thirteen longˈ-drawn-outˈ adjective
long drink noun A large thirst-quenching drink (sometimes alcoholic) in a tall glass longˈ-eared adjective With long ears or ear-like feather-tufts long face noun A dismal expression longˈ-faced adjective Dismal-looking long field noun (cricket) A fielder or position near the boundary on the bowler's side, long off or long on longˈ-firm noun A company of swindlers who obtain goods on pretence of being established in business, and then decamp without payment longˈ-hair noun
longˈ-haired adjective
longˈhand noun Ordinary writing as distinct from shorthand long haul noun
longˈ-haul adjective longˈ-head noun A dolichocephal longˈ-headed adjective
longˈ-headˈedness noun long home noun The grave long hop noun (cricket) A short-pitched, high-bouncing, ball that is easy to hit longˈhorn noun
longˈhouse noun
long hundred see under hundred long iron noun (golf) An iron club used to play long-range shots long johns plural noun Long underpants long jump noun An athletic contest in which competitors jump as far as possible along the ground from a running start long jumper noun long jumping noun longˈleaf pine noun A N American pine tree (Pinus palustris) long leg noun (cricket) A fielder, or a fielding position, on the boundary behind the batsman on the legside longˈ-legged adjective Having long legs longˈ-legs noun A cranefly long lens noun A telephoto lens longˈ-life adjective (of foodstuffs) treated so as to prolong freshness longˈ-line noun A long fishing-line with many hooks attached adjective (of clothing) long or lengthened in shape, as of a brassière or top extending over the ribcage longˈ-liner noun A fishing vessel that uses long-lines longˈ-lining noun The practice of fishing with long-lines longˈlist noun A preliminary list from which a shortlist is subsequently selected transitive verb To include in a longlist longˈ-lived /-livdˈ or -līvdˈ/ adjective Having a long life long mark noun A macron long measure noun
long moss noun A tropical American rootless epiphyte (Tillandsia usneoides) of the pineapple family, resembling bunches of hair longˈ-nineˈ noun (obsolete US) A cheap cigar long odds plural noun In betting, a remote chance, unfavourable odds in terms of risk, favourable in terms of potential gain long off noun (cricket) A fielder, or a fielding position, on the boundary behind the bowler on the offside long-oil see oil length under oil long on noun (cricket) A fielder, or a fielding position, on the boundary behind the bowler on the onside long paddock noun (Aust) The grass verge of a road, sometimes used for grazing animals on long-persistence screen noun A cathode-ray tube coated with long afterglow (up to several seconds) phosphor long pig noun (old) Human flesh as food for cannibals longˈ-playing adjective Of a gramophone record, giving length in reproduction because of the extremely fine groove and slow rotation longˈprimˈer noun (printing) A size of type (about 10-point) intermediate between small pica and bourgeois longˈ-purˈples noun
long QT syndrome noun (medicine) A hereditary disorder affecting the electrical rhythm of the heart (abbrev LQTS) longˈ-range adjective
long robe see under robe1 longˈ-runˈning adjective Continuing over a long period longs and shorts plural noun
long sheep noun A long-woolled sheep longˈship noun (historical) A distinctive type of long vessel built by the Vikings long shot noun
longˈ-sightˈed adjective
longˈ-sightˈedly adverb longˈ-sightˈedness noun longˈ-sixˈes plural noun (archaic) Candles weighing six to a pound longˈ-spun adjective Long-drawn-out, tedious longˈspur noun Any bunting of the genera Calcarius and Rhyncophanes with a long claw on the hind toe longˈ-standˈing adjective Of long existence or continuance longˈ-staˈple adjective Having a long fibre longˈ-stay adjective
long stop noun
longˈ-stop intransitive verb To field as long stop longˈ-suffˈering adjective Enduring long and patiently noun Long endurance or patience longˈ-suffˈeringly adverb long suit noun
long tail noun (commerce) The phenomenon by which a large number of less popular products can generate more revenue than a small number of highly successful ones longˈ-tail noun
longˈ-term adjective
longˈ-time adjective Enduring for a long time long-togs, long Tom, long ton see under tog1, tom1 and ton1 respectively. longˈ-tongued adjective
longˈ-track (skating or) speedskating noun Speedskating in which contestants race around a 400-metre track, usu in pairs against the clock long vacation noun A long holiday during the summer, when schools, etc are closed long view noun The taking into consideration of events, etc in the distant future longˈ-visˈaged adjective
longˈ-waistˈed adjective
longˈwall noun A long working face in a coalmine (longwall system or working a mining technique in which a seam is exposed along its length then removed, layer by layer) longˈ-wave adjective (radio) Of, or using, wavelengths over 1000 metres longwearˈing adjective Of clothes, that may be worn for a long time without wearing out, hard-wearing long whist see under whist2 longˈ-windˈed adjective
longˈ-windˈedly adverb longˈ-windˈedness noun a long figure (slang) A high price or rate a long purse Abundance of money as long as Provided only that before long or (poetic or facetious) ere long Soon draw the long bow see under bow2 go long (finance) To acquire more holdings in commodities or securities in expectation of a rise in prices in the long run see under run long on Well supplied with long since A long time ago make a long arm (informal) To help oneself freely at table make a long nose To cock a snook or put a thumb to the nose as a vulgar gesture no longer Not now as formerly not by a long shot Not by any means not long for this world Near death so long (informal) Goodbye (poss from Ar salaam peace, used as a word of farewell) so long as Provided only that the long and the short (of it) or (esp Shakespeare) the short and the long (of it) The sum of the matter in a few words short /shört/adjective
To short-change transitive verb and intransitive verb
ORIGIN: ME, from OE sc(e)ort; related to OHGer scurz, ON skera to cut shortˈage noun A lack, deficiency shortˈen transitive verb
To become shorter shortˈener noun shortˈening noun
shortˈie or shortˈy noun (informal) A very short person, garment, etc (also adjective) shortˈish adjective shortˈly adverb
shortˈness noun shortˈ-acting adjective (of a drug) having effects that wear off quickly shortˈarm adjective (boxing, etc; of a blow) Using a bent (rather than extended) arm shortˈarse noun (derog sl) A small person shortˈbread noun A brittle crumbling biscuit of flour, butter and sugar shortˈcake noun
short-changeˈ transitive verb
adjective Relating to cheating short-chanˈger noun short circuit noun
short-cirˈcuit transitive verb
intransitive verb
short clothes or short coats plural noun Formerly, the shortened skirts of a child when the first long clothes are left off shortˈ-coat transitive verb (old) To put into short coats shortˈcoming noun
short commons plural noun Minimum rations shortˈ-cord adjective (elec eng) (of an armature winding) employing coils whose span is less than the pole pitch short corner noun (hockey) Same as penalty corner (see under penalty) short covering noun (stock exchange)
shortˈcrust adjective (of pastry) short short cut noun A shorter route than the usual (also figurative) shortˈ-cut intransitive verb To use a shorter route (also figurative) adjective and noun (denoting) tobacco cut in short shreds shortˈ-dāted adjective
short-day plant noun (botany) One that will flower only if the daily period of light is shorter than some critical length (cf day-neutral plant, long-day plant) short division noun Division without writing down the working out shortˈfall noun The fact or amount of falling short short fuse noun (informal) A quick temper short game noun (golf) Play on and around the green(s) shortˈgown noun (old Scot) A woman's short jacket shortˈhand noun
adjective Relating to or written in shorthand short-handˈed adjective
shortˈ-haul adjective Involving transportation, etc, over (relatively) short distances shortˈ-head transitive verb (informal) To beat by a short head (see also below) shortˈhold adjective (law) In England and Wales, of or being a tenancy of only a few (orig between one and five) years shortˈhorn noun Any of the various types of beef and dairy cattle developed from a short-horned breed originating in NE England, usu having a red and white, roan or white coat (also called Durham) short hundredweight see hundredweight under hundred short iron noun (golf) An iron club used to play shots from close to the green short leg noun (cricket) A fielder, or a fielding position, very near (and in line with) the batsman on the legside shortˈ-life adjective Having a short duration, existence, etc shortˈlist noun (see also leet3) a list of the most suitable candidates for an office, post, etc, from which the successful candidate will be selected transitive verb To include (someone) in a shortlist shortˈ-lived (or /-līvd/) adjective Living or lasting only for a short time short measure noun Less than the amount promised or paid for short metre noun (poetry) A form of four-line stanza of which the first, second and last lines have six syllables and the third line eight short odds plural noun (in betting) a nearly even chance, favourable odds in terms of risk, unfavourable in terms of potential gain short-oil see oil length under oil short order noun (N American) (an order for) food that can be prepared quickly shortˈ-order adjective shortˈ-priced adjective Having short odds shortˈ-range adjective Of or relating to a short distance or period of time short rib noun A floating rib short sale noun A sale of something which the seller does not yet own short score noun A musical score with some of the parts omitted short sea noun (nautical) One in which the distance between the wave crests is comparatively short short selling see sell short under sell1 short sharp shock noun A brief severe regime imposed by a prison or detention centre, esp on young offenders short sheep noun Short-woolled sheep short shrift see under shrift short-sightˈed adjective
short-sightˈedly adverb short-sightˈedness noun short-spōˈken adjective Curt in speech short-staffedˈ adjective Having a reduced or inadequate number of staff short-stāˈple adjective (of wool, cotton, etc fibre) short shortˈstop noun (baseball) The fielding position (or the defending player positioned) between the second and third base short story noun A work of prose narrative shorter than a novel and usu concentrating on a single episode or experience and its effect short subject noun (chiefly US) A short film shown before the main film in a cinema shortˈsword noun A sword with a short blade short-temˈpered adjective Easily moved to anger, quick-tempered short tennis noun A form of tennis for children, using a smaller court and modified equipment and rules shortˈ-term adjective
short-termˈism noun (a tendency towards) the adopting of only short-term views, solutions to problems, etc short-termˈist noun and adjective short-term memory noun (psychology) A section of the memory with limited capacity, capable of storing information for a short time only short time noun (the condition of) working fewer than the normal number of hours per week shortˈ-time adjective short ton see ton1 shortˈ-track (skating or speedskating) noun Speedskating in which contestants race in packs around a 111.12-metre track, over any of several distances between 500m and 5000m short wave noun A radio wave with a frequency of between 10m and 100m shortˈ-wave adjective short-windˈed adjective Quickly becoming breathless by a short head
caught short (informal) Having a sudden, uncontrollable need to urinate or defecate cut short see under cut draw the short straw To be given an unpleasant task, duty, etc, or the most unpleasant of several fall short see under fall1 for short As an abbreviation go short (informal) To have an insufficient amount (esp of money or food) have someone by the short and curlies (vulgar slang) To have someone over a barrel, at one's mercy, in a position difficult to wriggle out of in short In a few words, briefly in short supply Not available in desired quantity, scarce in the short run Over a brief period of time make short work of To settle or dispose of promptly run short see under run short and sweet
short for A shortened form of short of
short on (informal) Deficient in stop short To come to a sudden standstill taken short same as caught short above. take (or take up) short
the short and the long (of it) (Shakespeare) Same as the long and the short (see under long1) |
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