| 释义 |
break1 /brāk/ transitive verb (pat broke, archaic brake; pap brōˈken or, less usu, broke)- To divide, part or sever, wholly or partially
- To rupture, burst
- To shatter, crush
- To destroy the continuity or integrity of
- To damage (something) so that it fails to work
- To interrupt (a fall, journey, etc)
- To escape forcibly from (informal)
- To make a forced entry to
- To bruise or penetrate the surface of
- To break a bone in, or separate the bones of
- To overcome or wear out
- To tame or habituate to obedience (see also break in below)
- To crush the spirit of
- To cure (of a habit)
- To violate (eg a law, promise, bounds or prison)
- To set aside (eg a will)
- To cut up (an animal's body)
- To unfurl
- To decipher (a code)
- To impart (esp with delicacy)
- To make bankrupt
- To demote or cashier
- To improve on (a particular time, number of strokes, etc for a course or distance)
- To arpeggiate (music)
- To cause to change from a simple vowel to a diphthong (linguistics)
intransitive verb- To separate
- To come apart, or go to pieces, esp suddenly
- To give way
- To start away, make a sudden burst of speed
- To disperse
- To burst forth (usu with out)
- To force a passage (with out or through)
- To pass suddenly into a condition or action (eg into laughter, revolt, sweat, spots; with out)
- (of flowers) in plant-breeding, to become variegated or striped
- To pause for rest or refreshment
- (of eg day, hope, a scene) to come into view, appear suddenly
- (of news) suddenly to become generally known
- To become bankrupt
- (of a boy's voice at puberty) to change suddenly
- To collapse
- (of a wave) to burst into foam
- To sever a connection, friendship (with)
- (of a ball) to change direction (cricket, golf)
- To break the balls (see below) (snooker, etc)
- To change from a simple vowel to a diphthong under influence of a neighbouring sound (linguistics)
- (of the weather) to change suddenly, esp after a settled period
- (of cloud, etc) to disperse
noun- An act of breaking
- The state of being broken
- An opening or crack
- A discontinuity
- A breach in a relationship
- A pause, interval or interruption
- A pause for rest or refreshment
- An instrumental passage or solo in jazz or pop music
- A consecutive series of successful strokes (snooker, croquet, etc)
- The number of points so scored at snooker, etc
- A continuous run of anything
- The opening shot in snooker, billiards, etc
- The start of a horse race
- The deviation of a ball on striking the pitch (cricket)
- An instance of breaking service (tennis)
- Onset (of the monsoon)
- A social blunder (US)
- A chance (as in an even break)
- A good chance, an opportunity
- A piece of luck, good or bad
ORIGIN: OE brecan; Ger brechen breakˈable adjective Able to be (easily) broken noun (esp in pl) an item that can be (easily) broken breakˈableness noun breakˈage noun - The act of breaking or its consequences
- The article or quantity broken
breakˈer noun - A person or machine that breaks something
- A wave broken on rocks or on the shore
- Someone who broadcasts on Citizens' Band radio (slang)
breakˈing noun and adjective breakˈaway noun - Revolt, defection
- Withdrawal, secession
- An escape
- A sudden attacking movement in various sports
- An escape
- A stampede or stampeding animal (Aust)
adjective Having seceded, defected, etc breakˈback adjective Crushing break bad (chiefly US sl) to turn from a moral way of life to an immoral one breakˈbeat noun In house music, etc, a short sample of drum beats or other rhythm taken from old soul or jazz records and repeated to make a new rhythm breakbone fever noun Dengue break crop noun (agriculture) A crop grown in rotation with cereals breakˈdance noun A street dance, usu to sampled music, using some routines drawn from gymnastics intransitive verb To perform such a dance breakˈdancer noun breakˈdancing noun breakˈdown noun - A stoppage through accident
- Collapse
- A nervous breakdown
- Disintegration
- A vigorous and noisy American dance
- The sudden passage of current through an insulating material at a particular voltage (elec eng)
- An analysis, investigation of data under different headings
adjective Assisting after a breakdown, etc, eg breakdown truck or breakdown gang a vehicle or gang that clears and tows away a vehicle after a breakdown or wreckage after an accident breakdown voltage noun (elec eng) The potential difference at which breakdown (qv above) occurs break-even see break even below. break fee noun (finance) A payment made by one party in a financial agreement to another in order to escape from the terms of the agreement breakˈ-front noun and adjective (a bookcase, wardrobe, etc) having a centre section projecting beyond the two end sections breakˈ-in noun An illegal (and sometimes violent) entering of a building breaking point noun The point at which a person, relationship, situation, etc breaks down under stress breaking stress noun (engineering) The stress necessary to break a material, either in tension or compression breakˈ-jaw adjective Very difficult to pronounce accurately breakˈneck adjective Headlong, very fast, usu dangerously so break of day noun Dawn breakˈoff noun A discontinuation, abrupt cessation breakout see break out below. break point noun - A point giving a player the opportunity to break service (tennis)
- (also breakˈpoint) a point at which a computer program will stop running to allow checking, etc
breakˈ-promise or breakˈ-vow noun (both Shakespeare) A person who habitually breaks promises or vows breakˈthrough noun - A forcible passage through a barrier
- The solving of a problem, esp scientific, after much effort, opening the way to further developments
- Any comparable success
breakthrough bleeding noun Intermittent discharge of blood from the uterus between menstrual periods breakˈtime noun (at school, etc) recess, break between work periods breakˈ-up noun - Dissolution
- Dispersal
- An ending of a relationship
break-vow see break-promise above. breakˈwater noun A barrier against the force of the waves breakˈ-wind noun A windbreak break a jest To make a jest, crack a joke break a lance with To enter into a contest with break a leg (theatre) A phrase used to wish someone good luck break a record see under record break a strike see under strike break away - To make a breakaway
- To be scattered, as clouds after a storm
break bread - To have a meal (with)
- To administer or take part in Holy Communion (Christianity)
break bulk - To open the hold and take out a portion of the cargo
- To begin to use goods supplied in bulk
break camp To dismantle and pack one's tents, etc break cover - (of eg a fox) to burst out from concealment
- To come out of hiding
break down - To demolish
- To crush
- To collapse
- To be overwhelmed by one's emotions
- To suffer a nervous breakdown
- To fail completely
- To analyse
break even - To avoid making a loss but fail to make a profit
- To reach the point at which revenue equals costs (breakˈeven noun and adjective)
break forth To burst out, issue break free see break loose below. break ground see under ground1 break in - (also break) to tame or accustom (an animal) to obedience
- To make (shoes, etc) less stiff by use
break in, in on or into - To enter violently
- To interpose abruptly
breaking and entering Housebreaking, illegal entry into property break into - To begin to use up or spend (something held in reserve, a large denomination note, etc)
- To begin an activity suddenly, eg song, laughter
break it down (Aust inf) Stop it! break loose or free - To extricate oneself forcibly
- To break through all restraint
break no squares To make no difference, do no harm, matter little break off - To detach by breaking
- To put an abrupt end to
- To leave off or stop abruptly
break one's mind (obsolete) To communicate one's thoughts to someone break out - To appear suddenly
- To break through all restraint
- To escape (breakˈout noun)
- To become active suddenly
- To become covered with (a rash, etc; with in)
break service or break someone's serve (tennis, etc) To win a game in which one's opponent is serving break sheer (of a ship riding at anchor) to be forced by wind or tide out of a position clear of the anchor break someone's heart To crush someone emotionally, esp by failing them in love break the balls (or simply break) - To open the game by striking one of the red balls (snooker)
- To open the game by striking the red ball or giving a miss, or to continue the game this way when a similar position occurs (billiards)
break the ice (figurative) To get through first difficulties, esp restraint on first meeting break through To make a breakthrough break up - To break open
- To break in pieces
- To go to pieces
- To put an end to
- To disperse, to part
- To end a relationship
- (of a school) to close for the holidays
- To dig or plough up
- To disconcert or upset (informal)
- To make helpless with laughter (informal)
break upon the wheel (historical) To punish by stretching on a wheel and breaking the bones break wind To let out flatulence from the bowels break with - To cease relations with, esp to quarrel with
- To cease adherence to (tradition, a habit)
make a break for To bolt towards record /ri-kördˈ/ transitive verb- To set down in writing or other permanent form
- To register (on an instrument, scale, etc)
- To trace a curve or other representation of
- To perform before a recording instrument
- To make a recording of (music, speech, etc)
- To mark, indicate
- To bear witness to
- To put on record (an offence, etc) without taking further measures against the offender
- To register (as a vote or verdict)
- To celebrate
- To call to mind (archaic)
- To get by heart (obsolete)
- To go over in one's mind (Spenser)
- To repeat from memory (Spenser)
- To narrate, set forth (archaic)
- To sing in an undertone, practise quietly (esp of birds; obsolete)
intransitive verb- To make a record
- To sing, warble, esp in quiet rehearsal (obsolete)
noun /rekˈörd, formerly ri-kördˈ/ - A register
- A formal writing of any fact or proceeding
- A book of such writings
- Past history
- A witness, a memorial
- Memory, remembrance
- Anything entered in the rolls of a court, esp the formal statement or pleadings of parties in a litigation
- A group of related fields forming a complete piece of information, such as a name and address, and constituting one of the basic elements of a database (computing)
- A curve or other representation of phenomena made by an instrument upon a surface
- A disc (or formerly a cylinder) on which sound is registered for reproduction by an instrument such as a record player
- A performance or occurrence not recorded to have been surpassed
- A list of a person's criminal convictions
adjective /rekˈörd/ Not surpassed ORIGIN: OFr recorder, from L recordārī to call to mind, get by heart, from cor, cordis the heart recordˈable /ri-/ adjective - Able to be recorded
- Worthy of record
recordāˈtion (or (Shakespeare) /rekˈ/) noun - Remembrance
- Recording
- Commemoration
recordˈer /ri-/ noun - A person who records or registers, esp the rolls, etc of a city
- (with cap) a judge of a city or borough court of quarter-sessions (historical)
- In England, a barrister or solicitor appointed as a part-time judge
- A person who performs before a recording instrument
- A recording apparatus
- A fipple flute, once called the ‘English flute’, much used in the 16c–18c and revived in the 20c (from the obsolete meanings of the verb)
recordˈership noun The office of recorder or the time of holding it recordˈing noun - A record of sound or images made for later reproduction, eg on magnetic tape, film or disc
- The process of registering these sounds and images
adjective Relating to the production of records recordˈist noun A person who records (esp the sound for a cinema film) record-breaking adjective Outdoing the highest achievement yet recorded recorded delivery noun A service of the Post Office in which a record is kept of the collection and delivery of a letter, parcel, etc recording angel noun An angel supposed to keep a book in which every misdeed is recorded against the doer Record Office noun A place where public records are kept record player noun - A small, portable instrument for playing audio records, run on batteries or mains electricity
- A larger, more sophisticated, etc device for the same purpose
record sleeve noun A cardboard case for a record beat or break a (or the) record To outdo the highest achievement yet recorded close the record An act of a Scottish judge after each party has said all he or she wishes to say by way of statement and answer court of record A court (such as the supreme court, county courts and others) whose acts and proceedings are permanently recorded, and which has the authority to fine or imprison persons for contempt for the record (informal) In order to get the facts straight go on record To make a public statement off the record Not to be made public (offˈ-the-record adjective) on record - Recorded in a document, etc
- Publicly known
public records Contemporary officially authenticated statements of acts and proceedings in public affairs, preserved in the public interest set (or put) the record straight To put right a mistake or false impression trial by record (obsolete) A common-law mode of trial when a former decision of the court was disputed and the matter settled by producing the record |