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单词 civil service
释义

civil /sivˈil/

adjective
  1. Relating to the community
  2. Polite (in any degree short of discourtesy)
  3. Relating to ordinary life, not military
  4. Lay, secular, temporal, not ecclesiastical
  5. Relating to the individual citizen
  6. Relating to private relations amongst citizens, and such suits as arise out of these (cf criminal) (law)
  7. Naturally good, as opposed to good through regeneration (theology)
ORIGIN: L cīvīlis, from cīvis citizen

civilˈian noun and adjective

  1. (a person) engaged in civil as distinguished from military and naval pursuits
  2. (a professor or student) of civil law, as opposed to canon law

civilˈianize or civilˈianise transitive verb

  1. To convert from military to civilian use
  2. To replace military personnel in (a factory, etc) by civilians

civˈilist noun (archaic)

A person versed in civil law

civilˈity noun

  1. Politeness
  2. (often in pl) an act of politeness
  3. Civilization (archaic)
  4. Good breeding (obsolete)

civˈilly adverb

civˈism noun

  1. Good citizenship
  2. The state of being favourably inclined to French Revolution principles

civil aviation noun

Non-military flying, esp commercial airlines and their operation

civil commotion noun

A term used in insurance policies denoting a state of civil unrest between riot and civil war

civil day, civil year or civil time noun

The day, year or time, as reckoned for ordinary purposes

civil death noun (law)

Formerly, the loss of all civil and legal privileges

civil defence noun

A civilian service for the wartime protection of the civilian population against enemy attack

civil disobedience noun

Refusal to obey laws and regulations, pay taxes, etc, used as non-violent means of forcing concessions from government

civil engineer noun

A person who plans and builds railways, roads, bridges, docks, etc, as opposed to a military engineer, or to a mechanical engineer

civil engineering noun

civil law noun

The law laid down by a state regarding the rights of the inhabitants, esp that founded on Roman law (cf criminal law)

civil liberty noun

(often in pl) personal freedom of thought, word, action, etc

civil list noun

  1. Formerly, a list of charges for civil government purposes
  2. Now a fixed annual sum provided by Parliament to meet the sovereign's expenses incurred as head of state (civil list pensions those granted by royal favour)

civil marriage noun

A marriage performed by an official who is not a clergyman and involving a civil contract without religious ceremony and vows

civil partnership or civil union noun

An agreement between two people, usu of the same sex, giving them a legal status similar to that of a married couple

civil rights plural noun

(often with caps) the rights of a citizen to personal freedom, ie political, racial, legal, social, etc

civil-rightsˈ adjective

civil servant noun

A person who works in the civil service, the paid service of the state chiefly in public administration (other than military, naval, legislative and judicial)

civˈil-suited adjective (Milton)

Sombrely clad

civil twilight noun (astronomy)

The interval of time during which the sun is between the horizon and 6º below the horizon, morning and evening

civil union see civil partnership above.

civil war noun

A war between citizens of the same state

civil year see under year

service1 /sûrˈvis/

noun
  1. The condition or occupation of a servant or of any person who serves
  2. Work
  3. The act or mode of serving
  4. Employ
  5. Employment in the armed forces, or in any public organization or department
  6. The personnel so employed
  7. The force, organization, or body employing it (in pl usu the fighting forces)
  8. That which is required of its members
  9. That which is required of a feudal tenant
  10. Performance of a duty or function
  11. Actual participation in warfare
  12. A warlike operation
  13. A performance of religious worship
  14. A liturgical form or office or a musical setting of it
  15. A good turn, good offices, benefit to another or others
  16. Duty or homage ceremonially offered, as in health-drinking, correspondence, or greeting
  17. Use
  18. Hard usage
  19. Availability
  20. Disposal
  21. Supply, eg of water, public transport, etc
  22. Expediting
  23. Assistance given to customers in a shop, etc
  24. Waiting at table
  25. That which is served, a course
  26. The order of dishes
  27. A complete set, eg of dishes for a particular meal
  28. Supplementary activities for the advantage of customers
  29. The checking, and (if necessary) repairing and/or replacing of parts, of machinery, etc to ensure efficient operation
  30. (in tennis, squash, badminton, etc) the right of a player to serve the ball, the act of so doing, or the manner, style or game in which an individual player serves
  31. A service charge
  32. The cost of interest and sinking-fund charges
  33. Cord or other material for serving a rope
  34. (in pl) a service area
adjective
  1. Of the army, navy, or air force
  2. (sometimes in pl) of the army, navy and air force collectively
  3. For the use of servants
  4. Providing services rather than manufactured products (see eg service industry below)
transitive verb
  1. To provide or perform service for (eg motor cars)
  2. (of a male animal) to mate with (a female)
ORIGIN: Fr, from L servitium

serviceabilˈity or serˈviceableness noun

serˈviceable adjective

  1. Able or willing to serve
  2. Advantageous
  3. Useful
  4. Capable of rendering long service, durable

serˈviceably adverb

serˈviceless adjective

service agreement noun

A contract stipulating the responsibilities that the provider of a service has to a client

service area noun

  1. A place by a motorway or major road where facilities such as filling stations, garages, restaurants and toilets are available
  2. The range covered by a radio or television transmitter

service book noun

  1. A book of forms of religious service
  2. A prayer book

service car noun (NZ)

A bus used on long-distance journeys

service ceiling noun

The altitude above sea level, in standard atmospheric conditions, at which the rate of ascent of an aircraft falls to a specified rate (cf absolute ceiling under absolute)

service charge noun

A charge made for service in a restaurant or hotel, usu a percentage of the bill

service contract noun

A service agreement

service court noun

In tennis, the area outside of which a served ball must not fall

service flat noun

A flat in which domestic service is provided, its cost being included in the rent

service hatch noun

One connecting dining room to kitchen, etc, through which dishes, etc, may be passed

service industry noun

An industry which provides a service rather than a product, eg catering, entertainment, transport

service line noun

The boundary of the service court, in tennis 21 feet from the net

serˈviceman noun

  1. A male member of the armed forces
  2. A man who maintains esp household machinery

service mark noun

A mark, emblem, device, etc used to identify a certain service, such as catering, insurance, etc and reserved for the exclusive use of providers of that service

service module noun

A self-contained unit housing a spacecraft's fuel and supplies

service pipe or service wire noun

A branch from a gas, electric, etc main to a building

service provider (computing) see ISP

service reservoir noun

A reservoir for supplying water to a particular area

service road noun

A minor road parallel to a main road, providing access to local facilities, eg shops, without obstructing the main road

service room noun

A room in a club or hotel where visitors' requirements are attended to

service station noun

An establishment providing general services, esp the supply of fuel for motorists

serˈvicewoman noun

A female member of the armed forces

active service

Service of a soldier, etc, in the field (widely interpreted by the authorities)

at your service

  1. At your disposal
  2. Also a mere phrase of civility

civil service see under civil

have seen service

  1. To have fought in war
  2. To have been put to long or hard use

in service

  1. In use or operation
  2. Working as a domestic servant

out of service

Broken, not in operation

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更新时间:2025/3/11 15:01:53