| 单词 | custom |
| 释义 | custom /kus"teuhm/, n. 1. a habitual practice; the usual way of acting in given circumstances. 2. habits or usages collectively; convention. 3. a practice so long established that it has the force of law. 4. such practices collectively. 5. Sociol. a group pattern of habitual activity usually transmitted from one generation to another. 6. toll; duty. 7. customs, a. (used with a sing. or pl. v.) duties imposed by law on imported or, less commonly, exported goods. b. (used with a sing. v.) the government department that collects these duties. c. (used with a sing. v.) the section of an airport, station, etc., where baggage is checked for contraband and for goods subject to duty. 8. regular patronage of a particular shop, restaurant, etc. 9. the customers or patrons of a business firm, collectively. 10. the aggregate of customers. 11. (in medieval Europe) a customary tax, tribute, or service owed by peasants to their lord. adj. 12. made specially for individual customers: custom shoes. 13. dealing in things so made, or doing work to order: a custom tailor. [1150-1200; ME custume < AF; OF costume < VL *co(n)s(ue)tumin-, r. L consuetudin- (s. of consuetudo), equiv. to consuet(us) accustomed, ptp. of consuescere (con- CON- + sue- (akin to suus one's own) + -tus ptp. suffix) + -udin- n. suffix; cf. COSTUME] Syn. 1, 2. CUSTOM, HABIT, PRACTICE mean an established way of doing things. CUSTOM, applied to a community or to an individual, implies a more or less permanent continuance of a social usage: It is the custom to give gifts at Christmas time. HABIT, applied particularly to an individual, implies such repetition of the same action as to develop a natural, spontaneous, or rooted tendency or inclination to perform it: to make a habit of reading the newspapers. PRACTICE applies to a set of fixed habits or an ordered procedure in conducting activities: It is his practice to verify all statements. |
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